GOOD    好善

EXCELLENT in VIRTUE OR in IMPORTANT SKILL.
FINESUPERIORQUALITYEXCELLENTSUPERBOUTSTANDINGMAGNIFICENTEXCEPTIONALMARVELOUSWONDERFULFIRST-RATEFIRST-CLASSSTERLINGSATISFACTORYACCEPTABLENOT BADALL RIGHTINFORMAL GREATOKA1JAKEHUNKY-DORYACETERRIFICFANTASTICFABULOUSFABTOP-NOTCHBLUE-CHIPBLUE-RIBBONBANG-UPKILLERCLASSAWESOMEWICKEDSMASHINGBRILLIANTVIRTUOUSRIGHTEOUSUPRIGHTUPSTANDINGMORALETHICALHIGH-MINDEDPRINCIPLEDEXEMPLARYLAW-ABIDINGIRREPROACHABLEBLAMELESSGUILTLESSUNIMPEACHABLEHONORABLESCRUPULOUSREPUTABLEDECENTRESPECTABLENOBLETRUSTWORTHYMERITORIOUSPRAISEWORTHYADMIRABLEWHITER THAN WHITESAINTLYSAINTLIKEANGELIC
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The general term for positive appraisal of human capacities of any kind is shàn 善 (ant. è 惡 "bad"). 2. Rén 仁 (ant. cán 殘 "unfeeling") refers to kind-heartedness as an attitude directed towards moral behaviour. See BENEVOLENCE3. Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.4. Zhí 直 (ant. qǔ 曲 "devious") refers to moral straightforwardness and uprightness.5. Zhōng 衷 (ant. xié 邪 "wicked") refers to devoted uprightness of character. See also EARNEST6. Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.7. Shú 淑 is a highly poetic word referring to admirable moral qualities in general, typically in women.8. Jūn zǐ 君子 (ant. xiǎo rén 小人 "petty man") refers to high moral qualities and capacities, especially in men.<div>9. Zāng 臧 (pí 否 "good-for-nothing") is an archaic neutral unemotional objective term for goodness.</div><div><br></div><div>10. Rén yì 仁義, when it is not simply listing benevolence and righteousness, commonly refers quite generally (by synecdoche) to moral goodness or the moral virtues LIKE benevolence and righteousness and not in fact to just two of the virtues.<br></div><br>
Modern Chinese Criteria
好妙棒酷不錯良好大好漂亮美好完美美妙可以地道不含糊善良善好樂善不倦樂善好施助人為樂仁至義盡<div>rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／</div><div><br></div><div>GREEK KEYWORD:</div><div>αγαθός ή (dial, α) όν adj. | Lacon.masc.acc.pl. άγασώς (Ar.)<br>|| The compar. is supplied by άμείνων, άρείων, βελτίων (also<br>βέλτερος), κρείσσων, λωων (also λωίτερος) and φέρτερος.<br>| The superl. is supplied by άριστος, βέλτιστος (also<br>βέλτατος), κράτιστος (ep. κάρτιστος), λωστος and φέριστος<br>(also φέρτατος). |<br>1 (of persons, esp. in the performance of a specific role or<br>duty) good, capable Hom. +; (w.ACC. at an activity or in<br>some regard) Hom. +; (w.inf. at doing sthg.) Hdt. +; (w.dat.<br>or prep.phr. at sthg.) Lys. PL X.<br>2 (w.connot. of high birth) noble Hom. +; (w.connot. of<br>morality) good Thgn. +; (of a virtue) Od. Hes.<br>3 (of persons) trustworthy, loyal (to family, friends,<br>political allies, or sim.) Hdt. X.<br>4 (of thoughts, words, advice, or sim.) good, useful (sts.<br>W.DAT. for someone or sthg.) Hom. +; (of land, a day, a meal)<br>Hom. +; (of a treatment, W.GEN. for a condition) X.<br>5 (of a deity) without wickedness, beneficent, benevolent<br>PL Men.<br>6 (as the title of a deity, to whom a toast was made at the<br>end of a meal) good Ar.; (as the title of a goddess, at Rome)<br>Plu.<br>Ί (iron., of a ruler) esteemed, worthy S.<br>8 (in voc. address, friendly or sarcastic) ώ αγαθέ (or ώγαθέ)<br>my good man Ar. PL +</div><div>—αγαθόν οΰ η. 1 that which does good or is desirable,<br>benefit, advantage (ref. to a person or thing) Hom. +;<br>(prep.phr.) έπ’ άγαθω/or the good or to the advantage {sts.<br>w.gen. or dat. of someone or sthg.) Hdt. Th. Ar. + || pl. goods<br>or valuables Hdt. +; good foods Od. Thgn. Hdt. Ar.; prosperity<br>Ar.; good qualities or features (of a person or animal) Isoc. +<br>|| neut.impers. (w. έστί, sts.understd.) it is advantageous or<br>desirable —w.inf. to do sthg. Hom. +<br>2 (philos.) το αγαθόν the Good PL Arist</div><div>—άγαθώς adv. in a good or useful manner, well Arist.<br></div><br>
Hyponym
  • DECENT　GOOD so as to CONFORM to CUSTOMS in a GROUP. (anc: 6/0, child: 1)
  • IMPROVE　CAUSE TO BECOME MORE GOOD. (anc: 6/0, child: 0)
  • INNOCENT　LACK GUILT. (anc: 6/0, child: 0)
  • LUCK　GOOD BECAUSE IT CAUSES CONTINGENT PROFIT. (anc: 6/0, child: 3)
  • ACCEPTABLE　SUFFICIENTLY GOOD, to be AGREED WITH OR APPROVED.  (anc: 6/0, child: 0)
  • PROFIT　Something GOOD that IS USEFUL TO THE ONE WHO HAS IT. (anc: 6/0, child: 1)
Antonym
  • WICKEDMORALLY BAD.
  • BADThe FEATURE of being NOT EXCELLENT OR GOOD.
See also
  • GENTLEMANADULT who is EDUCATED AND ABLE to BECOME an OFFICIAL.
Hypernym
  • EXCELLENT　FEATURE BECAUSE of which SOMETHING OR SOMEONE IS OR SHOULD BE PREFERRED to OTHERS (anc: 4/0, child: 11)
  • FEATURE　ABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE. (anc: 3/0, child: 19)
  • OBJECT　[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to. (anc: 2/0, child: 6)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.71

  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 541

    GUT

  • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 475

    BONITAS est entis sufficientia sibi et alijs

    Tribus ergo constat 1. Perfectione qvadam. 2. qva se perficit. 3. et alia perficere promptum est.

    Detailed analysis.

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    GOOD

    bonus refers to benevolence and goodness of heart as an ordinary virtue shared by decent persons.

    bene moratus is a person who has cultivated features such as lack of selfishness, self-control and conscientiousness.

    probus refers to uprightness, justness, moral worthiness.

    honestus refers to a higher level of honourable and chivalrous spirit and demeanour.

    sanctus refers to a saintly holy spirit based on religious piety.

    HUMANENESS

    humanitas is a virtue of universal extent, which, like the mental cultivation, proceeding from intelligence, ennobles the who man in mind and heart, and gives to his nature mildness and philanthropy, as a principle.

    comitas refers to a moral virtue, which, like affability, without respect to higher rank in society, treats every person with proper attention and respect.

    facilitas refers to a social virtue, which, like complaisance, by forbearance and meeting the views of others, facilitates mutual intercourse in life, and makes social interaction pleasant.

    civiliatas refers to political virtue which, like the rpublican feeling of a prince, makes the spi8cific difference between a ruler and his people unfelt, and treats his subject s as fellow citizens.

    humanitus refers to action as being "merely human" and not possessed of divine authority.

    humane and humaniter refer to a person's cultivated sensibility for what deserves respect in humans.

  • Spoudaios Soziale Typenbegriffe ( GIGON 1981) p.

  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 330

  • Semantica del Griego Antiguo ( HERNANDEZ 2000) p. 48n202

    P. Herrmann, Menschliche Wertbegriffe bei Homer agathos, esthlos..., Diss Hamburg 1954

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    BONITAS, BONUS

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 298

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 1.985

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 3.938

    GUT, DAS GUTE, DAS GUT

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 3.976

    GUETE

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Rhetorik ( UEDING 1992ff) p. 3.1237

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 170

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

  • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no. 1

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no. 65

  • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. nos. 1/23/28

  • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. B 47/56

  • New Dictiornary of the History of Ideas, 6 vols. ( HOROWITZ 2005) p.

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 62A

    • Words (83 items)

    君子  jūn zǐ OC: klun sklɯʔ MC: ki̯un tsɨ 629 Attributions

    Jūn zǐ 君子 (ant. xiǎo rén 小人 "petty man") refers to high moral qualities, especially in men.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 小人/BAD
    • Ant: 愚/STUPID The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.
    • Contrast: 士/GENTLEMAN The current general term for a person of a certain social standing is shì 士 and this word often connotes specifically a certain level of education, particularly literacy. See INTELLECTUAL.
    • Oppos: 眾人 / 衆人/ORDINARY
    • Oppos: 小人/ORDINARY Xiǎo rén 小人 (ant. jūn zǐ 君子) is a term of moral or personal appraisal and refers to a person of minor worth or of no moral merit.

      Syntactic words
    • NPabactbeing a true gentleman/Gentleman; acting like a gentleman　射有似乎君子
    • NPabconceptthe notion of a true gentleman/Genleman; person of superior character　子路問君子
    • NPadNgentlemanly, of the true gentleman type　女為君子儒
    • NPadNnonreferentialcharacteristic of a true gentleman; superior; in modifying position 君子之道 [NOT: the Way of gentleman X]
    • NPdefinitethe true gentlemen; the Gentleman the men of noble character (of a certain time or place) [predicate tensed] 古之君子
    • NPdefinite, pluraltrue gentleman; Gentlemen 吾先君子
    • NPindefinitetrue gentlemen, Gentleman, people of moral superior character
    • NPindefinitea true gentleman; a Gentelman; a man of character
    • NPironicthe "true gentlemen"; the "Gentlemen"
    • NPnonreferentialthe true gentleman in charge;a true gentleman; the Gentleman a person of superior character; the person of superior character 得見君子者斯可矣。
    • NPpost-V{NUM}true gentlemen, Genlemen;distinguished man of superior character 此六君子者
    • NP{PRED}be a true gentleman
    • VPiactto behave as a true gentleman, to comport oneself as a true gentleman 其爭也君子
    • VPipsychbe gentlemanly; be high-minded 君子哉！; be superior as a person 不亦君子乎; be worthy of a person of superior character
    善  shàn OC: ɡjenʔ MC: dʑiɛn 118 Attributions

    The general term for positive appraisal of any kind in Chinese is shàn 善 (ant. è 惡 "bad").

      Word relations
    • Ant: 惡/BAD The most general word for what is inferior and not commendable, morally, aesthetically or otherwise, is è 惡 (ant. měi 美 "commendable"), but this word is also used to refer more specifically to wickedness. See WICKED [GENERAL]
    • Ant: 邪/WICKED Xié 邪 (ant. zhèng 正 "straight and in no way wicked") typically involves nuances of sinister evil influences in addition to plain human depravity.
    • Ant: 災 / 菑/DISASTER Zāi 災 refers to a natural disaster, typically sent down by Heaven.
    • Ant: 淫/UNRESTRAINED Yín 淫 can come to refer to extravagance as a symptom of general indulgence.
    • Ant: 姦/WICKED Jiān 姦 (ant. liáng 良 "of the good sort, decent") refers to sheer human depravity and moral incompetence with no supernatural or sinister overtones.
    • Ant: 非/OFFEND Wéi 違 (ant. xún 循 "follow") and the rarer lí 離 as well as fēi 非 are neutral terms referring to a failure to comply with something.
    • Ant: 不善/WICKED
    • Ant: 美 / 媄 / 媺/BEAUTIFUL The general word is měi 美 "handsome and admirable" (ant. è 惡 "ugly") which refers to anything concrete or abstract which is attractive or handsome in a dignified way, and the word often retains its primary culinary sense of "tasty". [GENERAL], [GRADED]; [[COMMON]]
    • Object: 好/LOVE
    • Contrast: 良/GOOD
    • Assoc: 福/LUCK The dominant general word for good fortune is fú 福 (ant. huò 禍 "misfortune"), and the dominant general word for good luck is xìng 幸 (ant. yāng 殃 "misfortune").
    • Oppos: 暴/VIOLENT Bào 暴 (ant. rén 仁 "humane") refers to negatively valued violence of disposition and action.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}actkinds of moral action, modes of goodness
    • nabactgoodness，moral excellence in action; acts of goodness
    • nabpsychgoodness of attitude; moral goodness; moral excellence
    • nabpsychnotions of what is goodCH
    • v[adN]N=humsomeone who is good; the "good"
    • v[adN]subjectwhat is morally excellent; moral excellence; what is good
    • vadNgood; morally excellent
    • vadNnon-restrictivegood (善法 not of the dharmas the good ones, but the Buddhist dharma, which is good)
    • vibe good in action; be morally excellent; be socially acceptable
    • vilook goodLZ
    • viactbe morally excellent (in one's actions)
    • vichangebecome morally excellent
    • vtoNto make N morally good； improve morallyLZ
    • vtoNdeclarativedeclare to be good
    • vtoNputativeconsider to be good, regard as goodCH
    仁義  rén yì OC: njin ŋrals MC: ȵin ŋiɛ 76 Attributions

    This refers to morality in general, including virtues other than those mentioned explicitly in the binome.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 利/PROFIT Lì 利 (1. ant. yì 義 "considerations of rectitude"(!!); 2. ant. hài 害 "damage and loss suffered") refers to material profit.
    • Oppos: 法/LAW The current general word for a law, a legal system or any legal provision of any kind is fǎ 法.

      Syntactic words
    • NPab.adNgeneralised abstractconcerning or characterised by the moral principles (like those of benevolence and righteousness etc)CH
    • NPab[adN]subjectthe kind-hearted and righteous, those who have moral principles
    • NPabautonymthe word "rényì = morality"DS
    • NPabgeneralised abstractmoral principles such as benevolence and righteousness
    • NPabgeneralised abstractmoral appropriate behaviour characterised by such virtues as benevolence and righteousness
    • NPadNcharacterised by kind-heartedness and rectitude> moral
    • VPigeneralised abstractbe morally principled and kindly; be good
    賢  xián OC: ɡiin MC: ɦen 33 Attributions

    Xián 賢 (ant. 不肖"person of inferior worth and talent") adds to the notion of an intellectual of some education that of special talent, and sometimes also of moral worth. See TALENT.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 小人/BAD
    • Contrast: 良/EXCELLENT The standard current general word for anything or anyone who naturally meets certain generally accepted high standards of excellence is liáng 良 (ant. liè 劣 "inferior").

      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychworthiness, moral talent; goodness (in humans)
    • v[adN]person of talent; person of moral worth, a worthy
    • v[adN]non-humangood things; moral conductDS
    • vadNtalented, "intellectual"
    • vibe worthy, have moral worth and talent, be morally excellent; also BUDDH.
    廉  lián OC: ɡ-rem MC: liɛm 31 Attributions

    Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.

      Word relations
    • Object: 修 / 脩/CULTIVATE The current general term for cultivating something or refining it is xiū 修 (from Han times onwards sometimes also miswritten as xiū 脩, ant.* màn 慢 "neglect the cultivation of").
    • Epithet: 士/GENTLEMAN The current general term for a person of a certain social standing is shì 士 and this word often connotes specifically a certain level of education, particularly literacy. See INTELLECTUAL.
    • Assoc: 恥/GOOD
    • Assoc: 清/GOOD Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.
    • Assoc: 清/GOOD Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.
    • Assoc: 潔/GOOD
    • Assoc: 貞/FAITHFUL Zhēn 貞 refers to sturdy moral reliability based on inner conviction.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactmoral integrity, integrity; (one's example of) moral impeccability
    • nabpsychmoral integrity; impeccability
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthe morally pure; the incorruptible; the scrupulous, the honest men; those who are impeccable
    • v[adN]pluralthe set of the morally pure, the incorruptibleCH
    • vadNmorally incorruptible, morally impeccable; pure
    • viactbe impeccable; be morally incorruptible, show moral purity, be morally scrupulous; be impeccably honest
    • vtoNbe impeccable with respect to
    直  zhí OC: dɯɡ MC: ɖɨk 26 Attributions

    Zhí 直 (ant. qǔ 曲 "devious") refers to moral straightforwardness and uprightness.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 愿/DILIGENT Yuàn 愿 (not to be confused with yuàn 願 "hope") is an elevated rare word referring to respectful diligence of the people.
    • Ant: 曲/WICKED Qū 曲 (ant. duān 端 "straight and unwarped") refers to warped crookedness and lack of moral straightness.
    • Ant: 枉/UNJUST Wǎng 枉 (ant. zhí 直 "straight and lawful treatment") often refers to perversion of justice (althouth the word comes to mean "injustice suffered" by Eastern Han times).
    • Ant: 邪/WICKED Xié 邪 (ant. zhèng 正 "straight and in no way wicked") typically involves nuances of sinister evil influences in addition to plain human depravity.
    • Assoc: 中 / 忠/GOOD
    • Assoc: /

      Syntactic words
    • nabactmoral straightness, moral straightforwardness; straightforward goodness
    • nnonreferentialthe straighforward, the morally straight
    • vadNfigurativemorally straight
    • vadVfigurativein a morally straight fashion
    • viactact in a morally straight way
    • vichangebecome morally straight
    • vifigurativebe morally straight, be uncompromising
    • vt+prep+Nbe straightforward and good with respect to
    • vtoNcausativemake somebody morally straight
    美  měi OC: mriʔ MC: mi 24 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 邪/WICKED Xié 邪 (ant. zhèng 正 "straight and in no way wicked") typically involves nuances of sinister evil influences in addition to plain human depravity.
    • Ant: 惡/BAD The most general word for what is inferior and not commendable, morally, aesthetically or otherwise, is è 惡 (ant. měi 美 "commendable"), but this word is also used to refer more specifically to wickedness. See WICKED [GENERAL]

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-Nfeaturethe goodness of NCH
    • nabfeaturemoral attractiveness, feature of being honourable
    • nsubjectwhat is honourable
    • v[adN1.]post-N2what is good in N, good points in the person NCH
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthose who are honourable and admirable
    • vadNcommendable, good
    • vibe honourable, be admirable
    • vtoNcausativemake N betterLZ
    • vtoNdeclarativedeclare to be excellent or goodCH
    臧  zāng OC: skaaŋ MC: tsɑŋ 21 Attributions

    Zāng 臧 (pí 否 "good-for-nothing") is a neutral unemotional objective term for goodness.

      Syntactic words
    • nabconceptgoodness
    • nsubjectwhat is good
    • vadNarchaic: good
    • viarchaic: be good
    • vt+prep+Nbe good in regard to
    • vtoNputativeconsider as good
    恕  shù OC: hnjas MC: ɕi̯ɤ 17 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Result: 悅/HAPPY
    • Assoc: 忠/FAITHFUL Zhōng 忠 refers to a selfless effort on behalf of the person to whom one takes oneself to owe loyalty, and this person may be either a ruler or a friend.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}actfair empathy for others; non-discriminating considerateness; mindfulness of others' concerns
    • nabactfair empathy for others; non-discriminating considerateness; mindfulness of the concerns of others
    • nab{PRED}be empathetic mindfulness of the concerns of others
    • vadVmindfully of the concerns of others
    • vibe mindful of the concerns of others, fair and empathetic
    • vt[oN]psychtake a fair overall perspective; be non-discriminating and considerate; be sensitive
    • vtoNattitudinaltake a fair attitude to (oneself)
    • vtoNcausativecultivate non-discriminating considerateness in oneself
    潔  jié OC: keed MC: ket 16 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 濁/DIRTY Zhuó 濁 (ant. qīng 清 "clear and pure") typically refers to physical states of dirtiness, but there are occasional usages like zhuó lì 濁吏 "morally impure official".
    • Ant: 辱/DISGRACE Rǔ 辱 refers to public humiliation and public disgrace typically caused by overt actions or reactions of others.
    • Assoc: 清/GOOD Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.
    • Assoc: 廉/GOOD Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.
    • Assoc: 愨/DILIGENT Què 愨 emphasises the moral appropriateness of the diligence in question.
    • Assoc: 賢/EXCELLENT
    • Synon: 高/SUPERIOR

      Syntactic words
    • nab(post-N)the contextually determinate N's moral purityCH
    • nabactmoral purity
    • vadNimmaculate and morally pure
    • vimorally impeccable, unimpeachable
    • vt+prep+Nrelationalbe immaculate and morally pure with respect to
    莫若  mò ruò OC: maaɡ njaɡ MC: mɑk ȵi̯ɐk 16 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt[0]+V[0]the best thing is V-ingLZ
    • VPt[0]oN(of things) nothing comes up to> the best thing is to
    令  lìng OC: ɡ-reŋs MC: liɛŋ 14 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNarchaic: impressive in a contrived way; attractive
    • vibe good; be commendable
    • vtoNcausativecause to be attractive
    可  kě OC: khlaalʔ MC: khɑ 14 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • nab[post-N]moral approval of anythingCH
    • vibe morally acceptable; be acceptable; be OK; be advisable
    • vi(0)things will be all right, things are all right 如之何則可？
    廉恥  lián chǐ OC: ɡ-rem m-lʰɯʔ MC: liɛm ʈhɨ 13 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmoralmoral integrity and proper sense of shame> moral integrity
    中  zhōng OC: krluŋ MC: ʈuŋ
    忠  zhōng OC: krluŋ MC: ʈuŋ 12 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 直/GOOD Zhí 直 (ant. qǔ 曲 "devious") refers to moral straightforwardness and uprightness.

    • When Zhong 忠 does not Mean 'Loyalty' Dao. A Journal of Comnparative Philosophy ( GOLDIN 2008) p.

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturetrustiness and unbiased even-handedness (to superiors and inferiors)
    • vadNtrusty and even-handed (also towards one's inferiors
    • vibe trusty and even-handed (towads the people)
    • vt+prep+NN=the peopledeal even-handedly and trustily with (the people etc)
    仁  rén OC: njin MC: ȵin 10 Attributions

    Rén 仁 (ant. cán 殘 "unfeeling") refers to kind-heartedness as an attitude directed towards moral behaviour. See BENEVOLENCE.

      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychmoral excellence; goodness; goodness of heart
    • vibe morally excellent, good (humanhearted???)
    溫  wēn OC: quun MC: ʔuo̝n 10 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 良/DECENT Liáng 良 (ant.* bào 暴"recklessness") is decency of attitude as well as decency in action.
    • Oppos: 厲/SEVERE Lì 厲 (wēn 溫 "mild") emphasises a willingness to use violence in the administration of government without passing a strong negative or positive judgment on this attitude.

      Syntactic words
    • ngentleness; kindness; genteel warmth in social relations
    • vi.redbe amiableLZ
    • viactbe mild and gentle
    • vipsychologicalbe mild and gentle
    德  dé OC: tɯɯɡ MC: tək 8 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 惡/BAD The most general word for what is inferior and not commendable, morally, aesthetically or otherwise, is è 惡 (ant. měi 美 "commendable"), but this word is also used to refer more specifically to wickedness. See WICKED [GENERAL]

      Syntactic words
    • nabactgood deed; virtuous act
    • nadNvirtuous, full of dignified goodness
    • viactact virtuously; comport oneself well
    淑  shū OC: ɡljɯwɡ MC: dʑuk 8 Attributions

    Shú 淑 is a highly poetic word referring to admirable moral qualities in general, typically in women.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNfine, good, virtuos
    • vibe fine, good, virtuous
    • vtoNdeclarativedeclare to be poetically and morally exquisiteCH
    清  qīng OC: tsheŋ MC: tshiɛŋ 8 Attributions

    Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 廉/GOOD Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.
    • Assoc: 廉/GOOD Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.
    • Assoc: 潔/GOOD

      Syntactic words
    • nabactimpeccable ritual purity and propriety in action
    • v[adN]the impeccable, the morally pure, the immaculate
    • vadNimpeccable, immaculate, morally pure
    • vibe impeccable, morally pure
    • vt+prep+Nrelationalbe impeccable with respect to
    類  lèi OC: ruds MC: li 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabappropriate quality; good way of doing things; proper method; good exampleCH
    • vibe good and appropriate to the occasion
    道  dào OC: ɡ-luuʔ MC: dɑu 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nsubjectwhat is in accordance to the Way
    • vibe according to the way; be good and proper
    • viactact according to the good and proper Way
    端政  duān zhèng OC: toon tjeŋs MC: tʷɑn tɕiɛŋ
    端正  duān zhèng OC: toon tjeŋs MC: tʷɑn tɕiɛŋ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe impeccable DCD: 1.正；直；不偏斜。 2.整齊勻稱。 3.正直不邪。 4.妥帖；停當。
    • VPichangebecome beautiful
    懿  yì OC: qriɡs MC: ʔi 5 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 惡/BAD The most general word for what is inferior and not commendable, morally, aesthetically or otherwise, is è 惡 (ant. měi 美 "commendable"), but this word is also used to refer more specifically to wickedness. See WICKED [GENERAL]

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-NN=objgood warm feelings towards N
    • vadNarchaicmorally excellent, humanly exquisite
    • vimorally excellent
    孝弟  xiào dì OC: qhruus liils MC: hɣɛu dei 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPab{N1&N2}moralthe virtues of respectful politeness within the family
    • VPihave all the virtues of respectful politenes within the family
    淑人  shū rén OC: ɡljɯwɡ njin MC: dʑuk ȵin 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nccperson of excellent moral qualities
    善惡  shàn è OC: ɡjenʔ qaaɡ MC: dʑiɛn ʔɑk 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPab.adNrelatively good-looking or bad-lookingLZ
    • NPabconceptdimension of relative goodness/badness
    是  shì OC: ɡljeʔ MC: dʑiɛ 4 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • vadNworthy of assent > good, proper, right
    • vibe good; be right; also: be the right thing to do
    良  liáng MC: ljang OC: ɡ-raŋ 3 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 吏/OFFICIAL Lì 吏 refers to officials in charge of concrete practical matters, often policing and the like.
    • Contrast: 善/GOOD The general term for positive appraisal of any kind in Chinese is shàn 善 (ant. è 惡 "bad").

      Syntactic words
    • vadNappropriate, proper, and goodCH
    • viamiableLZ
    好  hǎo OC: qhuuʔ MC: hɑu 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabsubject=actionwhat is morally good > the good
    • vadNgood
    • vigraded(morally) good
    慶  qìng OC: khraŋs MC: khɣaŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactgood deeds SHU
    是處  shì chù OC: ɡljeʔ qhljas MC: dʑiɛ tɕhi̯ɤ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturegood point
    貞良  zhēn liáng OC: teŋ ɡ-raŋ MC: ʈiɛŋ li̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]nonreferentialthose who are decent and good
    賢者  xián zhě MC: hen tsyaeX OC: ɡiin kljaʔ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralthose who are worthy, those who are morally goodCH
    太上  tài shàng OC: thaads ɡljaŋs MC: thɑi dʑi̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPdefinitethe best thing
    • VPadNsupreme
    • VPibe best
    公  gōng MC: kuwng OC: klooŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabdispositionpublic-spiritedness, unselfishnessCH
    不忒  bù tè MC: pjut thok OC: pɯʔ lʰɯɯɡ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiflawless; be without going wrongDS
    耿介  gěng jiè OC: kreeŋʔ kreeds MC: kɣɛŋ kɣɛi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabutter uprightness
    • VPadNmarkedperfectly decent, highly proper, utterly upright
    平  píng OC: breŋ MC: bɣaŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viequitable and fair
    弔  dì OC: tiiwg MC: tek 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viarchaic: good
    十善  shí shàn OC: ɡjub ɡjenʔ MC: dʑip dʑiɛn 2 Attributions
    • 佛光大辭典 Fóguāng dàcídiǎn The Foguang Dictionary of Buddhism ( FOGUANG) p.

    • A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms ( SOOTHILL) p. 47

      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalBUDDH: the ten good deeds, usually defined as the avoidance of the ten evil deeds or cardinal sins; compare shíshàn zhèngfǎ 十善正法 "The ten good characterstics, or virtues, defined as the non-committal of the ten evils (shíè 十惡)." (SOOTHILL: 47); compare also shíshàn shíè 十善十惡, skr. daśakuśala-karmāni
    白  bái OC: braaɡ MC: bɣɛk 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vifigurativebe morally undefiled and pure
    • vtoNcausativecause to appear morally undefiled and pure> exculpateCH
    耿  gěng OC: kreeŋʔ MC: kɣɛŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadNhonest, upright
    聖  shèng OC: qhljeŋs MC: ɕiɛŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabmoraloutstanding goodness, exemplary moral excellence
    • vtoNreflexive.自consider oneself as morally supreme and sage-like
    功苦  gōng kǔ MC: kuwng khuX OC: kooŋ khaaʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPab{nab1ant.nab2}feature= gong1gu3 工盬: the relative quality of productsLZ
    高人  gāo rén MC: -- nyin OC: koow njin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPhigh-minded gentlemanCH
    至善  zhì shàn MC: tsyijH dzyenX OC: kljiɡs ɡjenʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeatureultimate goodness; what is perfectly goodCH
    私善  sī shàn MC: sij dzyenX OC: sil ɡjenʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychpersonal notions of what is good (for one)CH
    良善  liáng shàn OC: ɡ-raŋ ɡjenʔ MC: li̯ɐŋ dʑiɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]nonreferentialthe morally excellent
    好仁  hào rén OC: qhuus njin MC: hɑu ȵin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe fond of (exercising) human-heartedness; tend to be human-hearted
    好惡  hǎo è MC: xawX 'ak OC: qhuuʔ qaaɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabconceptgoodnessCH
    清正  qīng zhèng OC: tsheŋ tjeŋs MC: tshiɛŋ tɕiɛŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNperfectly right-minded
    顯令  xiǎn lìng MC: xenX ljengH  OC: qhleenʔ ɡ-reŋs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNgoodCH
    溫溫然  wen1 wen1 rán MC: -- -- nyen OC: -- -- njen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe overally mild and gentle, be amiableLZ
    倫  lún OC: ɡ-run MC: lʷin 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Result: 名/NAME The current general word for a name is míng 名 (ant. shí 實 "reality").

      Syntactic words
    • nabsocialnatural bond, standard human relationship
    美惡  měi è MC: mijX 'ak OC: mriʔ qaaɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPab{nab1ant.nab2}featurerelative qualityLZ
    吉  jí OC: kid MC: kit 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadVbe morally commendable
    嘉  jiā MC: kae OC: kraal 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]N=nonhugood ones, good thingsLZ
    夭  yāo OC: qrow MC: ʔiɛu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vi.redintensitivebe all gentle and mild???
    思  sī OC: snɯ MC: sɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vibe morally thoughtful, be morally perfect
    貞幹  zhēn gàn MC: trjeng kanH OC: teŋ kaans 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPfine fellow; excellent manCH
    時  shí MC: dzyi OC: ɡljɯ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viarchaic: good (SHI)LZ
    完利  wán lì MC: hwan lijH OC: ɡoon rids 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturequality and usefulnessLZ
    潔直  jié zhí OC: keed dɯɡ MC: ket ɖɨk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe morally pure and straight
    獻  suō MC: sa OC: sŋaal 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadNworthy, distinguishedCH
    有義  yǒu yì MC: hjuwX ngjeH OC: ɢʷɯʔ ŋrals 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPadNhaving the sense of what is proper; moralDS
    端  duān 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Synon: 正/CORRECT The standard word for conformity with an established standard of behavioural or physical allignment zhèng 正(ant. xié 邪).

      Syntactic words
    • nabdispositionbasic goodnessCH
    可否  kě fǒu OC: khlaalʔ pɯʔ MC: khɑ pɨu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturemoral acceptability
    賢潔  xián jié OC: ɡiin keed MC: ɦen ket 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPab{N1&N2}dispositionall sorts of moral and professional excellence
    不錯  bù cuò OC: pɯʔ skhaaɡ MC: pi̯ut tshɑk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe good (梅堯臣 《感李花》詩："當時 李白 欲騎鯨，醉向 江 南曾不錯。")
    衷  zhōng OC: krluŋ MC: ʈuŋ 0 Attributions

    Zhōng 衷 (ant. xié 邪 "wicked") refers to devoted uprightness of character. See also EARNEST

      Syntactic words
    • viupright
    小人君子  xiǎo rén jūn zǐ OC: smewʔ njin klun sklɯʔ MC: siɛu ȵin ki̯un tsɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeatureprevalence of goodness versus badness (in a place); feature of goodness/badness as expressed in 君子 and 小人 (prevailing in a place)
    整穀  zhěng gǔ OC: tjeŋʔ kooɡ MC: tɕiɛŋ kuk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe decent and nice???
    功  gōng OC: kooŋ MC: kuŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNcreditable, commendable; meritorious
    貞仁  zhēn rén OC: teŋ njin MC: ʈiɛŋ ȵin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiimpeccable and human-hearted (of a lady)
    恥  chǐ OC: m-lʰɯʔ MC: ʈhɨ 0 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 廉/GOOD Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.

      Syntactic words
    惇  zhūn OC: tjun MC: tɕʷin
    惇  dūn OC: tuun MC: tuo̝n 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vigenerous and pure in attitude
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNgoodCH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralthose who are worthy, those who are morally goodCH
    文  wén OC: mɯn MC: mi̯un 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNOBI: distinguished, honoured (ancestors etc)
    貞幹  zhēn gàn MC: trjeng kanH OC: teŋ kaans 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPfine fellow; excellent manCH
    榖  gǔ OC: kooɡ MC: kuk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    精廉  jīng lián MC: tsjeng ljem OC: tseŋ ɡ-rem 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactbe perfectly honest; be completely incorruptible; be morally quite impeccableCH