GOOD  好善

EXCELLENT in VIRTUE OR in IMPORTANT SKILL.
FINESUPERIORQUALITYEXCELLENTSUPERBOUTSTANDINGMAGNIFICENTEXCEPTIONALMARVELOUSWONDERFULFIRST-RATEFIRST-CLASSSTERLINGSATISFACTORYACCEPTABLENOT BADALL RIGHTINFORMAL GREATOKA1JAKEHUNKY-DORYACETERRIFICFANTASTICFABULOUSFABTOP-NOTCHBLUE-CHIPBLUE-RIBBONBANG-UPKILLERCLASSAWESOMEWICKEDSMASHINGBRILLIANTVIRTUOUSRIGHTEOUSUPRIGHTUPSTANDINGMORALETHICALHIGH-MINDEDPRINCIPLEDEXEMPLARYLAW-ABIDINGIRREPROACHABLEBLAMELESSGUILTLESSUNIMPEACHABLEHONORABLESCRUPULOUSREPUTABLEDECENTRESPECTABLENOBLETRUSTWORTHYMERITORIOUSPRAISEWORTHYADMIRABLEWHITER THAN WHITESAINTLYSAINTLIKEANGELIC
Antonym
  • WICKEDMORALLY BAD.
    • BADThe FEATURE of being NOT EXCELLENT OR GOOD.
      Hypernym
      • EXCELLENTFEATURE BECAUSE of which SOMETHING OR SOMEONE IS OR SHOULD BE PREFERRED to OTHERS
        • FEATUREABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE.
          • OBJECT[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to.
      See also
      • GENTLEMANADULT who is EDUCATED AND ABLE to BECOME an OFFICIAL.
        Hyponym
        • DECENT　GOOD so as to CONFORM to CUSTOMS in a GROUP.
        • IMPROVE　CAUSE TO BECOME MORE GOOD.
          • INNOCENT　LACK GUILT.
            • LUCK　GOOD BECAUSE IT CAUSES CONTINGENT PROFIT.
            • ACCEPTABLE　SUFFICIENTLY GOOD, to be AGREED WITH OR APPROVED. 
              • PROFIT　Something GOOD that IS USEFUL TO THE ONE WHO HAS IT.
                • INTERESTS　JUSTLY OR NATURALLY DESIRED PROFIT.
              Old Chinese Criteria
              1. The general term for positive appraisal of human capacities of any kind is shàn 善 (ant. è 惡 "bad").

              2. Rén 仁 (ant. cán 殘 "unfeeling") refers to kind-heartedness as an attitude directed towards moral behaviour. See BENEVOLENCE

              3. Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.

              4. Zhí 直 (ant. qǔ 曲 "devious") refers to moral straightforwardness and uprightness.

              5. Zhōng 衷 (ant. xié 邪 "wicked") refers to devoted uprightness of character. See also EARNEST

              6. Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.

              7. Shú 淑 is a highly poetic word referring to admirable moral qualities in general, typically in women.

              8. Jūn zǐ 君子 (ant. xiǎo rén 小人 "petty man") refers to high moral qualities and capacities, especially in men.

              <div>9. Zāng 臧 (pí 否 "good-for-nothing") is an archaic neutral unemotional objective term for goodness.</div><div><br></div><div>10. Rén yì 仁義, when it is not simply listing benevolence and righteousness, commonly refers quite generally (by synecdoche) to moral goodness or the moral virtues LIKE benevolence and righteousness and not in fact to just two of the virtues.<br></div><br>

              Modern Chinese Criteria
              好

              妙

              棒

              酷

              不錯

              良好

              大好

              漂亮

              美好

              完美

              美妙

              可以

              地道

              不含糊

              善良

              善

              好

              樂善不倦

              樂善好施

              助人為樂

              仁至義盡

              <div>rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／</div><div><br></div><div>GREEK KEYWORD:</div><div>αγαθός ή (dial, α) όν adj. | Lacon.masc.acc.pl. άγασώς (Ar.)<br>|| The compar. is supplied by άμείνων, άρείων, βελτίων (also<br>βέλτερος), κρείσσων, λωων (also λωίτερος) and φέρτερος.<br>| The superl. is supplied by άριστος, βέλτιστος (also<br>βέλτατος), κράτιστος (ep. κάρτιστος), λωστος and φέριστος<br>(also φέρτατος). |<br>1 (of persons, esp. in the performance of a specific role or<br>duty) good, capable Hom. +; (w.ACC. at an activity or in<br>some regard) Hom. +; (w.inf. at doing sthg.) Hdt. +; (w.dat.<br>or prep.phr. at sthg.) Lys. PL X.<br>2 (w.connot. of high birth) noble Hom. +; (w.connot. of<br>morality) good Thgn. +; (of a virtue) Od. Hes.<br>3 (of persons) trustworthy, loyal (to family, friends,<br>political allies, or sim.) Hdt. X.<br>4 (of thoughts, words, advice, or sim.) good, useful (sts.<br>W.DAT. for someone or sthg.) Hom. +; (of land, a day, a meal)<br>Hom. +; (of a treatment, W.GEN. for a condition) X.<br>5 (of a deity) without wickedness, beneficent, benevolent<br>PL Men.<br>6 (as the title of a deity, to whom a toast was made at the<br>end of a meal) good Ar.; (as the title of a goddess, at Rome)<br>Plu.<br>Ί (iron., of a ruler) esteemed, worthy S.<br>8 (in voc. address, friendly or sarcastic) ώ αγαθέ (or ώγαθέ)<br>my good man Ar. PL +</div><div>—αγαθόν οΰ η. 1 that which does good or is desirable,<br>benefit, advantage (ref. to a person or thing) Hom. +;<br>(prep.phr.) έπ’ άγαθω/or the good or to the advantage {sts.<br>w.gen. or dat. of someone or sthg.) Hdt. Th. Ar. + || pl. goods<br>or valuables Hdt. +; good foods Od. Thgn. Hdt. Ar.; prosperity<br>Ar.; good qualities or features (of a person or animal) Isoc. +<br>|| neut.impers. (w. έστί, sts.understd.) it is advantageous or<br>desirable —w.inf. to do sthg. Hom. +<br>2 (philos.) το αγαθόν the Good PL Arist</div><div>—άγαθώς adv. in a good or useful manner, well Arist.<br></div><br>

              • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.71

              • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 541

                GUT

              • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 475

                BONITAS est entis sufficientia sibi et alijs

                Tribus ergo constat 1. Perfectione qvadam. 2. qva se perficit. 3. et alia perficere promptum est.

                Detailed analysis.

              • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

                GOOD

                bonus refers to benevolence and goodness of heart as an ordinary virtue shared by decent persons.

                bene moratus is a person who has cultivated features such as lack of selfishness, self-control and conscientiousness.

                probus refers to uprightness, justness, moral worthiness.

                honestus refers to a higher level of honourable and chivalrous spirit and demeanour.

                sanctus refers to a saintly holy spirit based on religious piety.

                HUMANENESS

                humanitas is a virtue of universal extent, which, like the mental cultivation, proceeding from intelligence, ennobles the who man in mind and heart, and gives to his nature mildness and philanthropy, as a principle.

                comitas refers to a moral virtue, which, like affability, without respect to higher rank in society, treats every person with proper attention and respect.

                facilitas refers to a social virtue, which, like complaisance, by forbearance and meeting the views of others, facilitates mutual intercourse in life, and makes social interaction pleasant.

                civiliatas refers to political virtue which, like the rpublican feeling of a prince, makes the spi8cific difference between a ruler and his people unfelt, and treats his subject s as fellow citizens.

                humanitus refers to action as being "merely human" and not possessed of divine authority.

                humane and humaniter refer to a person's cultivated sensibility for what deserves respect in humans.

              • Spoudaios Soziale Typenbegriffe ( GIGON 1981) p.

              • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 330

              • Semantica del Griego Antiguo ( HERNANDEZ 2000) p. 48n202

                P. Herrmann, Menschliche Wertbegriffe bei Homer agathos, esthlos..., Diss Hamburg 1954

              • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

                BONITAS, BONUS

              • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 298

              • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 1.985

              • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 3.938

                GUT, DAS GUTE, DAS GUT

              • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 3.976

                GUETE

              • Historisches Woerterbuch der Rhetorik ( UEDING 1992ff) p. 3.1237

              • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 170

              • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

              • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

              • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no. 1

              • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no. 65

              • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. nos. 1/23/28

              • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. B 47/56

              • New Dictiornary of the History of Ideas, 6 vols. ( HOROWITZ 2005) p.

              • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 62A

              Words

              君子  jūn zǐ OC: klun sklɯʔ MC: ki̯un tsɨ 622 AttributionsWD

              Jūn zǐ 君子 (ant. xiǎo rén 小人 "petty man") refers to high moral qualities, especially in men.

                Word relations
              • Ant: 小人/BAD
              • Ant: 愚/STUPID The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.
              • Contrast: 士/GENTLEMAN The current general term for a person of a certain social standing is shì 士 and this word often connotes specifically a certain level of education, particularly literacy. See INTELLECTUAL.
              • Oppos: 眾人 / 衆人/ORDINARY
              • Oppos: 小人/ORDINARY Xiǎo rén 小人 (ant. jūn zǐ 君子) is a term of moral or personal appraisal and refers to a person of minor worth or of no moral merit.

                Syntactic words
              • NPabactbeing a true gentleman; acting like a gentleman　射有似乎君子
              • NPabconceptthe notion of a true gentleman; person of superior character　子路問君子
              • NPadNgentlemanly, of the gentlemanly type　女為君子儒
              • NPadNnonreferentialcharacteristic of a true gentleman; in modifying position 君子之道 [NOT: the Way of gentleman X]
              • NPdefinitethe true gentlemen; the men of noble character (of a certain time or place) [predicate tensed] 古之君子
              • NPdefinitetrue gentleman 吾先君子
              • NPindefinitetrue gentlemen, people of moral superior character
              • NPindefinitea true gentleman; a man of character
              • NPironicthe "true gentlemen"
              • NPnonreferentiala true gentleman; a person of superior character; the person of superior character 得見君子者斯可矣。
              • NPpost-V{NUM}true gentleman;distinguished man of superior character 此六君子者
              • NP{PRED}be a true gentleman
              • VPiactto behave as a true gentleman, to comport oneself as a true gentleman 其爭也君子
              • VPipsychbe gentlemanly; be high-minded 君子哉！; be superior as a person 不亦君子乎; be worthy of a person of superior character
              善  shàn OC: ɡjenʔ MC: dʑiɛn 119 AttributionsWD

              The general term for positive appraisal of any kind in Chinese is shàn 善 (ant. è 惡 "bad").

                Word relations
              • Ant: 惡/BAD The most general word for what is inferior and not commendable, morally, aesthetically or otherwise, is è 惡 (ant. měi 美 "commendable"), but this word is also used to refer more specifically to wickedness. See WICKED [GENERAL]
              • Ant: 邪/WICKED Xié 邪 (ant. zhèng 正 "straight and in no way wicked") typically involves nuances of sinister evil influences in addition to plain human depravity.
              • Ant: 災 / 菑/DISASTER Zāi 災 refers to a natural disaster, typically sent down by Heaven.
              • Ant: 淫/UNRESTRAINED Yín 淫 can come to refer to extravagance as a symptom of general indulgence.
              • Ant: 姦/WICKED Jiān 姦 (ant. liáng 良 "of the good sort, decent") refers to sheer human depravity and moral incompetence with no supernatural or sinister overtones.
              • Ant: 非/OFFEND Wéi 違 (ant. xún 循 "follow") and the rarer lí 離 as well as fēi 非 are neutral terms referring to a failure to comply with something.
              • Ant: 不善/WICKED
              • Ant: 美 / 媄 / 媺/BEAUTIFUL The general word is měi 美 "handsome and admirable" (ant. è 惡 "ugly") which refers to anything concrete or abstract which is attractive or handsome in a dignified way, and the word often retains its primary culinary sense of "tasty". [GENERAL], [GRADED]; [[COMMON]]
              • Object: 好/LOVE
              • Contrast: 良/GOOD
              • Assoc: 福/LUCK The dominant general word for good fortune is fú 福 (ant. huò 禍 "misfortune"), and the dominant general word for good luck is xìng 幸 (ant. yāng 殃 "misfortune").
              • Oppos: 暴/VIOLENT Bào 暴 (ant. rén 仁 "humane") refers to negatively valued violence of disposition and action.

                Syntactic words
              • nab.post-V{NUM}actkinds of moral action, modes of goodness
              • nabactgoodness，moral excellence in action; acts of goodness
              • nabpsychgoodness of attitude; moral goodness; moral excellence
              • nabpsychnotions of what is goodCH
              • v[adN]N=humsomeone who is good; the "good"
              • v[adN]subjectwhat is morally excellent; moral excellence; what is good
              • vadNgood; morally excellent
              • vadNnon-restrictivegood (善法 not of the dharmas the good ones, but the Buddhist dharma, which is good)
              • vibe good in action; be morally excellent; be socially acceptable
              • vilook goodLZ
              • viactbe morally excellent (in one's actions)
              • vichangebecome morally excellent
              • vtoNto make N morally good； improve morallyLZ
              • vtoNdeclarativedeclare to be good
              • vtoNputativeconsider to be good, regard as goodCH
              仁義  rén yì OC: njin ŋrals MC: ȵin ŋiɛ 75 AttributionsWD

              This refers to morality in general, including virtues other than those mentioned explicitly in the binome.

                Word relations
              • Ant: 利/PROFIT Lì 利 (1. ant. yì 義 "considerations of rectitude"(!!); 2. ant. hài 害 "damage and loss suffered") refers to material profit.
              • Oppos: 法/LAW The current general word for a law, a legal system or any legal provision of any kind is fǎ 法.

                Syntactic words
              • NPabmoral appropriate behaviour characterised by such virtues as benevolence and righteousness
              • NPab.adNconcerning the NPconcerning or characterised by the moral principles (like those of benevolence and righteousness etc)CH
              • NPab[adN]subjectthe kind-hearted and righteous, those who have moral principles
              • NPabautonymthe word "rényì = morality"DS
              • NPabmoralmoral principles such as benevolence and righteousness
              • NPadNcharacterised by kind-heartedness and rectitude> moral
              • VPibe morally principled and kindly; be good
              賢  xián OC: ɡiin MC: ɦen 33 AttributionsWD

              Xián 賢 (ant. 不肖"person of inferior worth and talent") adds to the notion of an intellectual of some education that of special talent, and sometimes also of moral worth. See TALENT.

                Word relations
              • Ant: 小人/BAD
              • Contrast: 良/EXCELLENT The standard current general word for anything or anyone who naturally meets certain generally accepted high standards of excellence is liáng 良 (ant. liè 劣 "inferior").

                Syntactic words
              • nabpsychworthiness, moral talent; goodness (in humans)
              • v[adN]person of talent; person of moral worth, a worthy
              • v[adN]non-humangood things; moral conductDS
              • vadNtalented, "intellectual"
              • vibe worthy, have moral worth and talent, be morally excellent; also BUDDH.
              廉  lián OC: ɡ-rem MC: liɛm 31 AttributionsWD

              Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.

                Word relations
              • Object: 修 / 脩/CULTIVATE The current general term for cultivating something or refining it is xiū 修 (from Han times onwards sometimes also miswritten as xiū 脩, ant.* màn 慢 "neglect the cultivation of").
              • Epithet: 士/GENTLEMAN The current general term for a person of a certain social standing is shì 士 and this word often connotes specifically a certain level of education, particularly literacy. See INTELLECTUAL.
              • Assoc: 恥/GOOD
              • Assoc: 清/GOOD Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.
              • Assoc: 清/GOOD Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.
              • Assoc: 潔/GOOD
              • Assoc: 貞/FAITHFUL Zhēn 貞 refers to sturdy moral reliability based on inner conviction.

                Syntactic words
              • nabactmoral integrity, integrity; (one's example of) moral impeccability
              • nabpsychmoral integrity; impeccability
              • v[adN]nonreferentialthe morally pure; the incorruptible; the scrupulous, the honest men; those who are impeccable
              • v[adN]pluralthe set of the morally pure, the incorruptibleCH
              • vadNmorally incorruptible, morally impeccable; pure
              • viactbe impeccable; be morally incorruptible, show moral purity, be morally scrupulous; be impeccably honest
              • vtoNbe impeccable with respect to
              直  zhí OC: dɯɡ MC: ɖɨk 26 AttributionsWD

              Zhí 直 (ant. qǔ 曲 "devious") refers to moral straightforwardness and uprightness.

                Word relations
              • Ant: 愿/DILIGENT Yuàn 愿 (not to be confused with yuàn 願 "hope") is an elevated rare word referring to respectful diligence of the people.
              • Ant: 曲/WICKED Qū 曲 (ant. duān 端 "straight and unwarped") refers to warped crookedness and lack of moral straightness.
              • Ant: 枉/UNJUST Wǎng 枉 (ant. zhí 直 "straight and lawful treatment") often refers to perversion of justice (althouth the word comes to mean "injustice suffered" by Eastern Han times).
              • Ant: 邪/WICKED Xié 邪 (ant. zhèng 正 "straight and in no way wicked") typically involves nuances of sinister evil influences in addition to plain human depravity.
              • Assoc: 中 / 忠/GOOD
              • Assoc: /

                Syntactic words
              • nabactmoral straightness, moral straightforwardness; straightforward goodness
              • nnonreferentialthe straighforward, the morally straight
              • vadNfigurativemorally straight
              • vadVfigurativein a morally straight fashion
              • viactact in a morally straight way
              • vichangebecome morally straight
              • vifigurativebe morally straight, be uncompromising
              • vt+prep+Nbe straightforward and good with respect to
              • vtoNcausativemake somebody morally straight
              臧  zāng OC: skaaŋ MC: tsɑŋ 21 AttributionsWD

              Zāng 臧 (pí 否 "good-for-nothing") is a neutral unemotional objective term for goodness.

                Syntactic words
              • nabconceptgoodness
              • nsubjectwhat is good
              • vadNarchaic: good
              • viarchaic: be good
              • vt+prep+Nbe good in regard to
              • vtoNputativeconsider as good
              美  měi OC: mriʔ MC: mi 17 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Ant: 邪/WICKED Xié 邪 (ant. zhèng 正 "straight and in no way wicked") typically involves nuances of sinister evil influences in addition to plain human depravity.
              • Ant: 惡/BAD The most general word for what is inferior and not commendable, morally, aesthetically or otherwise, is è 惡 (ant. měi 美 "commendable"), but this word is also used to refer more specifically to wickedness. See WICKED [GENERAL]

                Syntactic words
              • nab.post-Nfeaturethe goodness of NCH
              • nabfeaturemoral attractiveness, feature of being honourable
              • nsubjectwhat is honourable
              • v[adN1.]post-N2what is good in N, good points in the person NCH
              • v[adN]nonreferentialthose who are honourable and admirable
              • vadNcommendable, good
              • vibe honourable, be admirable
              • vtoNdeclarativedeclare to be excellent or goodCH
              恕  shù OC: hnjas MC: ɕi̯ɤ 16 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Assoc: 忠/FAITHFUL Zhōng 忠 refers to a selfless effort on behalf of the person to whom one takes oneself to owe loyalty, and this person may be either a ruler or a friend.

                Syntactic words
              • nab.post-V{NUM}actfair empathy for others; non-discriminating considerateness; mindfulness of others' concerns
              • nabactfair empathy for others; non-discriminating considerateness; mindfulness of the concerns of others
              • nab{PRED}be empathetic mindfulness of the concerns of others
              • vadVmindfully of the concerns of others
              • vibe mindful of the concerns of others, fair and empathetic
              • vt[oN]psychtake a fair overall perspective; be non-discriminating and considerate; be sensitive
              • vtoNattitudinaltake a fair attitude to (oneself)
              • vtoNcausativecultivate non-discriminating considerateness in oneself
              潔  jié OC: keed MC: ket 16 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Ant: 濁/DIRTY Zhuó 濁 (ant. qīng 清 "clear and pure") typically refers to physical states of dirtiness, but there are occasional usages like zhuó lì 濁吏 "morally impure official".
              • Ant: 辱/DISGRACE Rǔ 辱 refers to public humiliation and public disgrace typically caused by overt actions or reactions of others.
              • Assoc: 清/GOOD Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.
              • Assoc: 廉/GOOD Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.
              • Assoc: 愨/DILIGENT Què 愨 emphasises the moral appropriateness of the diligence in question.
              • Assoc: 賢/EXCELLENT
              • Synon: 高/SUPERIOR

                Syntactic words
              • nab(post-N)the contextually determinate N's moral purityCH
              • nabactmoral purity
              • vadNimmaculate and morally pure
              • vimorally impeccable, unimpeachable
              • vt+prep+Nrelationalbe immaculate and morally pure with respect to
              令  lìng OC: ɡ-reŋs MC: liɛŋ 14 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vadNarchaic: impressive in a contrived way; attractive
              • vibe good; be commendable
              • vtoNcausativecause to be attractive
              可  kě OC: khlaalʔ MC: khɑ 14 AttributionsWD

                Syntactic words
              • nab[post-N]moral approval of anythingCH
              • vibe morally acceptable; be acceptable; be OK; be advisable
              • vi(0)things will be all right, things are all right 如之何則可？
              廉恥  lián chǐ OC: ɡ-rem m-lʰɯʔ MC: liɛm ʈhɨ 13 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabmoralmoral integrity and proper sense of shame> moral integrity
              中  zhōng OC: krluŋ MC: ʈuŋ
              忠  zhōng OC: krluŋ MC: ʈuŋ 12 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Assoc: 直/GOOD Zhí 直 (ant. qǔ 曲 "devious") refers to moral straightforwardness and uprightness.

              • When Zhong 忠 does not Mean 'Loyalty' Dao. A Journal of Comnparative Philosophy ( GOLDIN 2008) p.

                Syntactic words
              • nabfeaturetrustiness and unbiased even-handedness (to superiors and inferiors)
              • vadNtrusty and even-handed (also towards one's inferiors
              • vibe trusty and even-handed (towads the people)
              • vt+prep+NN=the peopledeal even-handedly and trustily with (the people etc)
              仁  rén OC: njin MC: ȵin 10 AttributionsWD

              Rén 仁 (ant. cán 殘 "unfeeling") refers to kind-heartedness as an attitude directed towards moral behaviour. See BENEVOLENCE.

                Syntactic words
              • nabpsychmoral excellence; goodness; goodness of heart
              • vibe morally excellent, good (humanhearted???)
              溫  wēn OC: quun MC: ʔuo̝n 10 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Assoc: 良/DECENT Liáng 良 (ant.* bào 暴"recklessness") is decency of attitude as well as decency in action.
              • Oppos: 厲/SEVERE Lì 厲 (wēn 溫 "mild") emphasises a willingness to use violence in the administration of government without passing a strong negative or positive judgment on this attitude.

                Syntactic words
              • ngentleness; kindness; genteel warmth in social relations
              • vi.redbe amiableLZ
              • viactbe mild and gentle
              • vipsychologicalbe mild and gentle
              莫若  mò ruò OC: maaɡ njaɡ MC: mɑk ȵi̯ɐk 10 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPt[0]oN(of things) nothing comes up to> the best thing is to
              德  dé OC: tɯɯɡ MC: tək 8 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Ant: 惡/BAD The most general word for what is inferior and not commendable, morally, aesthetically or otherwise, is è 惡 (ant. měi 美 "commendable"), but this word is also used to refer more specifically to wickedness. See WICKED [GENERAL]

                Syntactic words
              • nabactgood deed; virtuous act
              • nadNvirtuous, full of dignified goodness
              • viactact virtuously; comport oneself well
              清  qīng OC: tsheŋ MC: tshiɛŋ 8 AttributionsWD

              Qīng 清 (ant. zhuó 濁 "defiled and corrupt") can be used to refer to moral purity.

                Word relations
              • Assoc: 廉/GOOD Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.
              • Assoc: 廉/GOOD Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.
              • Assoc: 潔/GOOD

                Syntactic words
              • nabactimpeccable ritual purity and propriety in action
              • v[adN]the impeccable, the morally pure, the immaculate
              • vadNimpeccable, immaculate, morally pure
              • vibe impeccable, morally pure
              • vt+prep+Nrelationalbe impeccable with respect to
              淑  shū OC: ɡljɯwɡ MC: dʑuk 8 AttributionsWD

              Shú 淑 is a highly poetic word referring to admirable moral qualities in general, typically in women.

                Syntactic words
              • vadNfine, good, virtuos
              • vibe fine, good, virtuous
              • vtoNdeclarativedeclare to be poetically and morally exquisiteCH
              懿  yì OC: qriɡs MC: ʔi 5 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Ant: 惡/BAD The most general word for what is inferior and not commendable, morally, aesthetically or otherwise, is è 惡 (ant. měi 美 "commendable"), but this word is also used to refer more specifically to wickedness. See WICKED [GENERAL]

                Syntactic words
              • nab.post-NN=objgood warm feelings towards N
              • vadNarchaicmorally excellent, humanly exquisite
              • vimorally excellent
              道  dào OC: ɡ-luuʔ MC: dɑu 5 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nsubjectwhat is in accordance to the Way
              • vibe according to the way; be good and proper
              • viactact according to the good and proper Way
              類  lèi OC: ruds MC: li 5 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vibe good and appropriate to the occasion
              孝弟  xiào dì OC: qhruus liils MC: hɣɛu dei 5 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPab{N1&N2}moralthe virtues of respectful politeness within the family
              • VPihave all the virtues of respectful politenes within the family
              端政  duān zhèng OC: toon tjeŋs MC: tʷɑn tɕiɛŋ
              端正  duān zhèng OC: toon tjeŋs MC: tʷɑn tɕiɛŋ 5 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPibe impeccable DCD: 1.正；直；不偏斜。 2.整齊勻稱。 3.正直不邪。 4.妥帖；停當。
              • VPichangebecome beautiful
              是  shì OC: ɡljeʔ MC: dʑiɛ 4 AttributionsWD

                Syntactic words
              • vadNworthy of assent > good, proper, right
              • vibe good; be right; also: be the right thing to do
              善惡  shàn è OC: ɡjenʔ qaaɡ MC: dʑiɛn ʔɑk 4 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPab.adNrelatively good-looking or bad-lookingLZ
              • NPabconceptdimension of relative goodness/badness
              淑人  shū rén OC: ɡljɯwɡ njin MC: dʑuk ȵin 4 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nccperson of excellent moral qualities
              好  hǎo OC: qhuuʔ MC: hɑu 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nabsubject=actionwhat is morally good > the good
              • vadNgood
              • vigraded(morally) good
              慶  qìng OC: khraŋs MC: khɣaŋ 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nabactgood deeds SHU
              是處  shì chù OC: ɡljeʔ qhljas MC: dʑiɛ tɕhi̯ɤ 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabfeaturegood point
              良  liáng MC: ljang OC: ɡ-raŋLZ 3 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Epithet: 吏/OFFICIAL Lì 吏 refers to officials in charge of concrete practical matters, often policing and the like.
              • Contrast: 善/GOOD The general term for positive appraisal of any kind in Chinese is shàn 善 (ant. è 惡 "bad").

                Syntactic words
              • vadNappropriate, proper, and goodCH
              • viamiableLZ
              平  píng OC: breŋ MC: bɣaŋ 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • viequitable and fair
              弔  dì OC: tiiwg MC: tek 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • viarchaic: good
              白  bái OC: braaɡ MC: bɣɛk 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vifigurativebe morally undefiled and pure
              • vtoNcausativecause to appear morally undefiled and pure> exculpateCH
              十善  shí shàn OC: ɡjub ɡjenʔ MC: dʑip dʑiɛn 2 AttributionsWD
              • 佛光大辭典 Fóguāng dàcídiǎn The Foguang Dictionary of Buddhism ( FOGUANG) p.

              • A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms ( SOOTHILL) p. 47

                Syntactic words
              • NPabmetaphysicalBUDDH: the ten good deeds, usually defined as the avoidance of the ten evil deeds or cardinal sins; compare shíshàn zhèngfǎ 十善正法 "The ten good characterstics, or virtues, defined as the non-committal of the ten evils (shíè 十惡)." (SOOTHILL: 47); compare also shíshàn shíè 十善十惡, skr. daśakuśala-karmāni
              太上  tài shàng OC: thaads ɡljaŋs MC: thɑi dʑi̯ɐŋ 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPdefinitethe best thing
              • VPadNsupreme
              • VPibe best
              耿介  gěng jiè OC: kreeŋʔ kreeds MC: kɣɛŋ kɣɛi 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabutter uprightness
              • VPadNmarkedperfectly decent, highly proper, utterly upright
              貞良  zhēn liáng OC: teŋ ɡ-raŋ MC: ʈiɛŋ li̯ɐŋ 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VP[adN]nonreferentialthose who are decent and good
              賢者  xián zhě MC: hen tsyaeX OC: ɡiin kljaʔCH 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPpluralthose who are worthy, those who are morally goodCH
              不忒  bù tè MC: pjut thok OC: pɯʔ lʰɯɯɡDS 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPiflawless; be without going wrongDS
              倫  lún OC: ɡ-run MC: lʷin 1 AttributionWD

                Word relations
              • Result: 名/NAME The current general word for a name is míng 名 (ant. shí 實 "reality").

                Syntactic words
              • nabsocialnatural bond, standard human relationship
              吉  jí OC: kid MC: kit 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vadVbe morally commendable
              夭  yāo OC: qrow MC: ʔiɛu 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vi.redintensitivebe all gentle and mild???
              耿  gěng OC: kreeŋʔ MC: kɣɛŋ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vadNhonest, upright
              可否  kě fǒu OC: khlaalʔ pɯʔ MC: khɑ pɨu 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabfeaturemoral acceptability
              好仁  hào rén OC: qhuus njin MC: hɑu ȵin 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPibe fond of (exercising) human-heartedness; tend to be human-hearted
              清正  qīng zhèng OC: tsheŋ tjeŋs MC: tshiɛŋ tɕiɛŋ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPadNperfectly right-minded
              潔直  jié zhí OC: keed dɯɡ MC: ket ɖɨk 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPibe morally pure and straight
              良善  liáng shàn OC: ɡ-raŋ ɡjenʔ MC: li̯ɐŋ dʑiɛn 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • VP[adN]nonreferentialthe morally excellent
              賢潔  xián jié OC: ɡiin keed MC: ɦen ket 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPab{N1&N2}dispositionall sorts of moral and professional excellence
              思  sī OC: snɯ MC: sɨ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vibe morally thoughtful, be morally perfect
              聖  shèng OC: qhljeŋs MC: ɕiɛŋ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nabmoraloutstanding goodness, exemplary moral excellence
              • vtoNreflexive.自consider oneself as morally supreme and sage-like
              顯令  xiǎn lìng MC: xenX ljengH  OC: qhleenʔ ɡ-reŋs CH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPadNgoodCH
              至善  zhì shàn MC: tsyijH dzyenX OC: kljiɡs ɡjenʔCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabfeatureultimate goodness; what is perfectly goodCH
              溫溫然  wen1 wen1 rán MC: -- -- nyen OC: -- -- njenLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPibe overally mild and gentle, be amiableLZ
              私善  sī shàn MC: sij dzyenX OC: sil ɡjenʔCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabpsychpersonal notions of what is good (for one)CH
              好惡  hǎo è MC: xawX 'ak OC: qhuuʔ qaaɡCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabconceptgoodnessCH
              時  shí MC: dzyi OC: ɡljɯLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • viarchaic: good (SHI)LZ
              端  duān 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nabdispositionbasic goodnessCH
              公  gōng MC: kuwng OC: klooŋCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nabdispositionpublic-spiritedness, unselfishnessCH
              有義  yǒu yì MC: hjuwX ngjeH OC: ɢʷɯʔ ŋralsDS 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPadNhaving the sense of what is proper; moralDS
              美惡  měi è MC: mijX 'ak OC: mriʔ qaaɡLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPab{nab1ant.nab2}featurerelative qualityLZ
              貞幹  zhēn gàn MC: trjeng kanH OC: teŋ kaansCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPfine fellow; excellent manCH
              功苦  gōng kǔ MC: kuwng khuX OC: kooŋ khaaʔLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPab{nab1ant.nab2}feature= gong1gu3 工盬: the relative quality of productsLZ
              完利  wán lì MC: hwan lijH OC: ɡoon ridsLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabfeaturequality and usefulnessLZ
              獻  suō MC: sa OC: sŋaalCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • vadNworthy, distinguishedCH
              嘉  jiā MC: kae OC: kraalLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • v[adN]N=nonhugood ones, good thingsLZ
              高人  gāo rén MC: -- nyin OC: koow njinCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPhigh-minded gentlemanCH
              恥  chǐ OC: m-lʰɯʔ MC: ʈhɨ 0 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Assoc: 廉/GOOD Lián 廉 (ant. tān 貪 "greedy for bribery gifts") refers to moral probity and impeccability.

                Syntactic words
              惇  zhūn OC: tjun MC: tɕʷin
              惇  dūn OC: tuun MC: tuo̝n 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vigenerous and pure in attitude
              榖  gǔ OC: kooɡ MC: kuk 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              衷  zhōng OC: krluŋ MC: ʈuŋ 0 AttributionsWD

              Zhōng 衷 (ant. xié 邪 "wicked") refers to devoted uprightness of character. See also EARNEST

                Syntactic words
              • viupright
              不錯  bù cuò OC: pɯʔ skhaaɡ MC: pi̯ut tshɑk 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPibe good (梅堯臣 《感李花》詩："當時 李白 欲騎鯨，醉向 江 南曾不錯。")
              整穀  zhěng gǔ OC: tjeŋʔ kooɡ MC: tɕiɛŋ kuk 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPibe decent and nice???
              貞仁  zhēn rén OC: teŋ njin MC: ʈiɛŋ ȵin 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPiimpeccable and human-hearted (of a lady)
              小人君子  xiǎo rén jūn zǐ OC: smewʔ njin klun sklɯʔ MC: siɛu ȵin ki̯un tsɨ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabfeatureprevalence of goodness versus badness (in a place); feature of goodness/badness as expressed in 君子 and 小人 (prevailing in a place)
              文  wén OC: mɯn MC: mi̯un 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vadNOBI: distinguished, honoured (ancestors etc)
              功  gōng OC: kooŋ MC: kuŋ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • vadNcreditable, commendable; meritorious
                Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: CH 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPadNgoodCH
                Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: CH 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPpluralthose who are worthy, those who are morally goodCH
              貞幹  zhēn gàn MC: trjeng kanH OC: teŋ kaansCH 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPfine fellow; excellent manCH
              精廉  jīng lián MC: tsjeng ljem OC: tseŋ ɡ-remCH 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • VPiactbe perfectly honest; be completely incorruptible; be morally quite impeccableCH

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