pronoun modifying a lexically determinate omitted head noun.
 

 transitive verb followed by its object which consists of a pronoun followed by an S which is in apposition with that pronoun
 

composite nominal complex nominal expression.
 

NP modifying a contextually determinate N)<br><br>denominal adjective modifying which is reconstructed as a deleted noun<br>
NP modifying a contextually determinate N)

denominal adjevtive modifying which is reconstructed as a deleted noun
 

 a noun phrase modifying a contextually determinate omitted sentence.
 

NP modifying a contextually determinate V denominal adverb modifying and "followed by" an omitted contextually determinate main verb.
 

NP modified by a contextually determinate omitted N complex nominal expression modified by a contextually determinate other nominal expression. transitive noun phrase the related item is contextually determinate and omitted.
 

NP(post-N) in apposition with an Npr that follows it.

transitive nominal expression modified by an omitted contextually determinate nominal expression, and that whole phrase preceding a proper name with which it is in apposition.
 

transitive complex nominal expression modified by a contextually determinate other nominal, that whole construction preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

NP(post-N) preceding and modifying a V

noun phrase modified by an omitted contextually determinate nominal expression, that whole construction modifying a verbal expression.
 

NP(post-N) where the N is a proper name.

a complex nominal being preceded and modified by an omitted and contextually determinate proper name.
 

NP in construction with a V which it precedes.

complex noun phrase in construction with and preceding a verbal expression.
 

an NP followed and modified by a sentence S
 

NP-V(.postN{SUBJ)
 

noun phrase followed and modified by another noun phrase
 

complex nominal preceding and in apposition with a proper name
 

 NP followed by a lexically determiante proper name NP with which it is in apposition.
 

NP[adN] in apposition with a lexically determinate first person pronoun npro_1.
 

NP modifying a lexically determined N, preceded - in apposition - by a second person pronoun npro_2.
 

 Proper name NP preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

NP modifying a lexically determinate omitted N.

Exocentric construction in the form of a complex nominal expression modifying a lexically determinate omitted main nominal expression.
 

NP[post-N] in apposition with a lexically determinate omitted first pronoun npro1.
 

complex nominal expression being modified by an omitted lexically determinate nominal expression.
 

 NP preceded by and modified by an omitted lexically determinate proper name.
 

 NP preceded and modified by an understood lexically determinate second person pronoun.
 

NP preceded and modified by a lexically determinate first person pronoun, this whole construction being in apposition with an understood lexically determinate second person pronoun, and the complete preceding construction modifying a nominal expression. 
 

 NP preceded and modified by a lexically determinate first person pronoun, this whole construction being in apposition with an understood lexically determinate second person pronoun, and the complete preceding construction serving as the object of a preceding transitive verb.
 

 NP preceded and modified by a lexically determinate first person pronoun, this whole construction being in apposition with an understood lexically determinate second person pronoun
 

 NP modified by a lexically determinate understood preceding first person pronoun, that whole expression preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

 NP modified by a a lexically determinate understood preceding first person pronoun, that whole expression serving as the object of a transitive verb.
 

 NP modified by a a lexically determinate understood preceding first person pronoun.
 

 NP preceded and modified by a lexically determinate second person pronoun, this whole construction being in apposition with an understood lexically determinate first person pronoun, and the complete preceding construction modifying a nominal expression.
 

NP preceded and modified by a lexically determinate second person pronoun, this whole construction being in apposition with an understood lexically determinate first person pronoun.
 

An NP modified by a second person pronoun, that construction being in apposition to a first person pronoun, and that whole construction in turn modifying a nominal head.
 

Complex nominal expression modified by an omitted precing first person pronoun, this whole expression being in apposition with a preceding omitted second person pronoun.
 

 NP preceded and modified by a lexically determinate understood first person pronoun, that whole expression preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

 NP preceded and modified by a lexically determinate understood first person pronoun, that whole expression
 

noun phrase in apposition with an omitted preceding second person pronoun, this whole construction preceding and modifying a lexically retrievable omitted main nominal expression.
 

noun phrase in apposition with an omitted preceding second person pronoun, this whole construction preceding and modifying a main nominal expression.
 

 noun phrase in apposition with an omitted preceding second person pronoun, this whole construction serving as an object for a preceding transitive verb.
 

NP in apposition with an implicit second person pronoun.
 

nominal expression in apposition to a preceding second person pronoun
 

Complex abstract nominal expression.
 

• Abstraction in Classical Chinese Grammar and Thought ( HARBSMEIER 2000) p.

 abstract NP preceded and modified by a nominal expression.
 

abstract complex nominal (construction type: conjunction of synonymous nominals) preceding and modifying a head noun
 

abstract complex nominal expression preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

complex nominal expression preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

abstract complex noun that is counted.
 

abstract complex nominal expression modified by a preceding nominal expression. (See also NPpost-N)
 

 abstract NP being preceded and modified by a proper name nominal.
 

NPab.postVt
 

personified complex abstraction
 

(often deverbal) abstract complex noun which is transitive (e.g. the arrestation OF SOMEONE)
 

transitive complex abstract nominal modified by a preceding other nominal
 

 NP preceding and modifying an understood lexically determinate nominal expression.
 

 abstract NP preceding and modifying an abstract NP designating an action.
 

NPab[.post-N:postVt
 

abstract complex nominal expression modified by an omitted lexically determinate nominal expression.
 

MOVE TO NPab[.adN]
 

abstract complex nominal expression being modified by an omitted lexically determinate nominal expression.
 

abstract complex nominal expression being modified by an omitted lexically determinate nominal expression, this whole construction preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

abstract nominal compound, construction type: conjunction of two nouns
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

abstract complex noun; construction type: N1 is conjoined with N2 which is taken as synonymous in the context
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

abstract complex nominal expression; construction type: N1 precedes and modifies N2
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

abstract complex noun; construction type: a conjunction of two abstract nominals
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

abstract complex nominal expression used predicatively.
 

abstract noun; construction type: reduplicated noun
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

• 漢語重言詞詞典 Hanyu chongwenci cidian ( WANG WEIMAO 1999) p.

abstract noun; consists of a series of two epexegetic abstract nominals
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

complex abstract noun; construction type: juxtaposition of two antonymic abstract nominals
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

• L’ordre des constituants dans les mots composés par coordination d’antonymes Cahiers de Linguistique - Asie Orientale ( BOTTERO 1996) p.

NPad.VadN
 

a complex noun preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

 NP modifying a nominal expression, that whole construction being in apposition with a first person pronoun.
 

complex nominal preceding and modifying an abstract action nominal.
 

a complex nominal preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

noun phrase preceding and modifying a sentence S1, and this whole construction preceding and modifying another sentence S2.
 

complex nominal preceding and modifying a sentence, this phrase being in construction with a preceding other sentence.
 

a complex nominal expression preceding and modifying a sequence of sentences (compare also NPadS)
 

complex nominal preceding and modifying a verbal
 

nominal phrase preceding and modifying a verbal expression, that phrase following a nominal expression; the whole construction following and being in construction with a sentence
 

complex nominal preceding and modifying a verbal expression, that phrase in construction with a preceding nominal subject.
 

complex noun preceding and modifying a verb, this whole phrase being in construction with a preceding sentence.
 

a complex nominal preceding and modifying a verb, the whole construction following and modifying a preceding verb
 

NPadV{PASS}.postN{SUBJ}之
 

complex counted noun
 

 NP counted by a preceding number verb.
 

complex mass noun, NP that is a mass noun.
 

complex mass nominal preceding and modifying a nominal.
 

complex mass nominal referring to items made of the material NPm
 

NPm{PRED}
 

Complex noun, preceded and modified by a nominal expression.
 

transitive nominal expression modified by a nominal expression, and that whole phrase preceding a proper name with which it is in apposition.
 

 NP preceded and modified by a nominal expression, that whole expression preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

complex nominal expression typically modified by preceding proper name.
 

complex nominal expression in construction with a preceding pronominal expression.
 

complex nominal expression modified by a preceding place nominal.
 

NPpost-N{PRED}
 

 NP preceded and modified by a number verb.
 

complex nominal in appositive construction with a preceding proper name
 

CHANGE ENTRY TO 兒子 instead of 你兒子
 

comnplex nominal expression in construction with a preceding nominal expression
 

complex nominal following after and being in construction with a verbal expression
 

complex nominal expression following after and serving as object of a transitive verbal expression
 

NP used as a pivot.
 

a nominal expression which modifies the preceding noun by specifying the range of things expressed by that noun [DS]
 

complex nominal expression modifying a preceding sentence.
 

complex nominal modifying a preceding verbal
 

complex proper name, including names of persons, places and even periods of time

CRITERIA
1. cannot be counted, except in what traditional rhetoric calls the Vossian style. ( 十堯 does not mean "ten copies of Ya2o", but "ten people of the general kind defined by Ya2o as a typical example".)
2. cannot be quantified with words for "all", "some", or "many"
3. take non-restrictive adjectival modification
 

• Der chinesische Personenname ( BAUER 1959) p.

• "Sachwoerterbuch zum Alten China" ( UNGER SACH) p.

 proper name NP preceded and modified by a nominal expression.
 

 proper name NP. counted by a preceding number verb.
 

complex pronoun
 

NPpro(.adN)
 

a complex pronoun preceding and in construction with a verbal, this whole phrase being in construction with a nominal
 

 pronominal subject of a verbal predicate.
 

pronominal phrase followed and modified by a verbal expression.
 

 complex pronoun followed by a verbal expression.
 

 complex pronoun followed by a verbal expression in an imperative mood.
 

pronomical phrase preceding and modifying a nominal expression
 

complex pronoun preceding and modifying a verbal expression
 

predicative complex pronominal NPpro
 

complex pronominal phrase in construction with a preceding transitive verbal expression.
 

complex nominal in construction with a preceding transitive verbal expression, that whole phrase preceding and modifying a main verbal expression.
 

non-referential adverbial pronoun.
 

pronominal followed by a nominal expression in apposition with it.
 

Complex personal pronoun followed by an apposition N1, the construction modifying a N2
 

 complex pronoun preceding and in apposition with a proper name.
 

 complex pronoun preceding and modifying an understood lexically determinate nominal expression, that whole expression serving as the object of a preceding transitive verb.
 

complex pronoun preceding and modifying an understood lexically determinate nominal expression.
 

complex pronoun preceding and in construction with a complex verbal expression.
 

complex object pronoun preceding the subject and the transitive verb of which it is the object
 

complex pronoun used predicatively
 

complex pronominal predicate followed by its subject.
 

transitive noun defined by the contextually determinate N in apposition with Npr
 

transitive NP defined by N in apposition with Npr
 

additive complex nominal expression N1+N2 with the meaning "N1 and N2, N1 in addition to N2"
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

nominal compound consisting of a conjunction of N1 and N2 taken as synonymous
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

complex nominal phrase consisting of a noun preceding and modifying a head noun
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

complex verbal modifying a contextually determinate omitted nominal expression.
 

a complex pronoun functioning as the object of, and being modified by a transitive verbal expression
 

complex place nominal
 

 predicative NP preceded and modified by a nominal expression.
 

predicative complex nominal expression.
 

noun phrase; construction type: a particle preceding and modifying a noun
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

complex nominal; construction type: nominal followed by a suffix "npostadN" which comes out as "-N2" in this formula
[THE BRACKET NEEDS TO BE TRANSFERRED TO THE FIELD "CONSTRUCTION TYPE"]
 

an NP that functions like a pronoun
 

A bisyllabic construction that may be taken as a VP or as an NP and precedes and modifies an N.
 

Grammaticalised particle, simplex or complex. Defined as not constituting a predicate which is open to being negated by either 不 or 非 (except in the trivial case of autonymous use where the particle is used to refer to the particle itself, in which case the particle is used as a nominal expression).
 

a combination of more than one particle
 

• 文言複式虛詞 ( CHU YONGAN 1986) p.

• 古漢語虛詞詞典 ( WANG ZHENGBAI 1986A) p.

binome particle in construction with and preceding a nominal, this phrase being in construction with a preceding sentence
 

binome particle preceding and in construction with a nominal, that phrase in construction with a preceding nominal
 

bipartite particle preceding and in construction with a nominal predicate, that whole phrase following and being in construction with another nominal expression which serves as subject.
 

a bipartite pronominal construction preceding an abstract predicative nominal, this whole phrase being in construction with and preceded by a S.
 

 Sequence of grammaticalised particles followed by a proper name nominal expression.
 

bipartite particle (or VP?) preceding and in construction with a sentence.
 

sequence of grammaticalised particle followed by a verbal expression.
 

complex particle preceding a transitive verb.
 

complex particle followed by and in construction with a verbal predicate, this whole predicate characteristically having a contextually determinate omitted subject.
 

bipartate particle construction followed by a predicative V, that whole phrase being in construction with a preceding nominal subject.
 

Complex particle modifying a lexically determinate N, that whole expression modifying a sentence S.
 

dissylabic particle determining an underlying noun
 

 sequence of grammaticalied particles following and in construction with an understood lexically determinate second person pronoun.
 

adnominal complex particle
 

a complex particle preceding and modifying a nominal expression, that whole phrase preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

complex particle which precedes and modifies a nominal, this phrase being in construction with a preceding sentence.
 

particle binome preceding and modifying a sentence
 

complex particle preceding and modifying a sentence 1, and this construction preceding and modifying another sentence 2.
 

binomial sentence connective: particle binome preceding and modifying a sentence, that phrase in turn preceding and modifying another sentence
 

a combination of two particles preceding and modifying a sentence, and this phrase being in construction with a preceding sentence
 

complex particle preceding and modifying a sequence of sentences
 

binome particle preceding and modifying a verbal expression
 

• 文言複式虛詞 ( CHU SHUIAN 1986) p.

bipartite particle preceding and modifying a verbal expression, that whole phrase being followed by the particle 乎 .
 

disyllabic particle preceding and modifying a verbal expression, that phrase following and being modified by sentence
 

complex particle preceding and modifying a verbal expression, that whole phrase being in construction with a preceding nominal expression, that whole phrase in turn preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

complex particle preceding and modifying a verbal expression, this phrase being in construction with a preceding nominal expression, and that whole construction being in construction with a preceding sentence
 

complex particle preceding and modifying a verb, that whole phrase in construction with a preceding nominal expression, that whole phrase in turn being in construction with a preceding sentence.
 

a complex particle preceding and modifying a verbal, that whole phrase being in construction with a preceding sentence
 

bipartite particle preceding and in construction with a verbal predicate, that whole construction following after and in construction with a preceding subject
 

complex particle preceded and modified by an N.
Note that the complexity of particles often presents unsurmountable difficulties. One definitely would like to treat 也者 as a lexical entry, but at the same time one has to recognise that strictly speaking this
 

the relation between N1 and N2, the relation of N1 to N2
 

complex particle in construction with a preceding nominal
 

particle binome in construction with a preceding abstract topic
 

complex partile in construction with a preceding proper name
 

complex particle in construction with a preceding sentence
 

complex grammaticalised particle phrase following after and in construction with one sentence, and that whole consstruction preceding and modifying another sentence.
 

complex particle following after and being in construction with a verbal expression.
 

complex particle modifying a preceding sentence
 

discontinuous expression consisting of two particles.
 

discontinuous particle phrase preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

discontinuous construction with two particles in construction with a preceding sentence.
 

A verbal or nominal or grammaticalised expression that functions as a complete sentence. In classical Chinese grammar embedded S are nearly always specifically V{S}. It will be important to collect counterexamples to this generalisation.

S refers to a constrution headed by or identical with a predicative phrase, i.e. headed by what in a general way one might write as V{PRED} or N{PRED}.
 

Verbal expression, simplex or complex. Defined as expressing a predicate in principle negatable in principle by 不 .
 

deverbal nominalised Nab
 

verb phrase with contextually determinate omitted subject preceding and modifying a verbal expression with the same subject as the first VP
 

verbal construction followed by a noun
 

complex verbal preceding and in construction with a nominalised sentence
 

complex verbal expression preceding and being in construction with a sentence.
 

complex verbal expression followed by a transitive verbal expression.
 

complex verbal preceding a verbal suffix, this phrase preceding and modifying another verbal expression
 

complex verbal in construction with a preceding nominalised sentence
 

complex verbal preceding and modifying a sentence; construction type: transitive subjectless verb with its nominal object
 

subjectless complex verbal expression which functions adverbially, that whole expression being modified by a preceding nominal expression
 

VP modifying a lexically understood (human) N, this whole construction being in apposition with a first person pronoun,
 

Complex verbal expression modifying a lexically determinate omitted exocentric main nominal expression.
 

verb phrase preceding and modifying a transitive verb with an object
 

complex verbal preceding and modifying a nominal expression
 

VPadNab
 

verbal expression preceding and modifying a nominal predicate
 

deverbal construction preceding and modifying a topic nominal, this whole phrase being in construction with and preceding a sentence
 

a complex verbal expression preceding and modifying a sentence
 

complex verb preceding and modifying sentence 1, and preceding and being in construction with a sentence 2.
 

complex verbal preceding and modifying a sentence S1, this phrase being in construction with a preceding sentence S2
 

compound verbal expression which precedes and modifies a main verb
 

verbal phrase preceding and modifying a verbal expression, that phrase being postposed to a noun
 

complex verbal expression preceding and modifying a verbal expression, this whole construction coming after a nominal subject.
 

complex verbal preceding and modifying a verbal expression, that whole construction in turn preceding and modifying a second verbal expression.
 

complex verb preceding and modifying a verb, this construction following after a nominal subject, that whole construction in turn being in construction with a preceding sentence.
 

complex verbal preceding and modifying a verbal predicate, this phrase being in construction with a preceding nominal subject
 

complex intransitive verbal, complex verbal unit
 

complex verbal expression with a contextually determinate idiomatically omitted subject
 

a sentence S1 modifying another sentence S2, that whole construction being in construction with a preceding S3.
 

subjectless complex verbal expression with an obligatorily omitted contextually determinate subject, in construction with a preceding predicate nominal
 

intransitive complex verbal expression followed by and in construction with a place noun.
 

intransitive complex verbal expression followed by and in construction with its nominal subject
 

intransitive complex verbal expression followed by and in construction with a verbal expression.
 

intransitive complex verbal expression followed and modified by another verbal expression.
 

intransitive complex verbal in construction with a preceding verbal
 

reduplicated intransitive complex verbal
 

• 漢語重言詞詞典 Hanyu chongwenci cidian ( WANG WEIMAO 1999) p.

subjectless intransitive complex verbal expression
 

subjectless complex verb phrase preceding and modifying a main verbal expression.
 

subjectless complex verb phrase following after and modifying a main verbal expression.
 

complex intransitive verbal with two verbal subjects
 

comples verbal with a lexically determinate idiomatically omitted subject
 

complex verbal with an obligatorily omitted but always contextually determinate subject, this whole phrase modifying a preceding sentence
 

verbal phrase following and being modified by S
 

complex verb being modified by a preceding verbal expression
 

complex verbal(?) phrase in construction with a preceding nominal expression
 

complex verbal expression in construction with a preceding nominal, this whole phrase preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

complex verbal expression in construction with a preceding abstract action nominalisation
 

verbal predicate to the subject N
 

verbal phrase postposed to a sentence, preceding and in construction with another sentence
 

complex verbal expression following after and in construction with a verbal expression
 

complex verb following after a verbal expression, that whole phrase following after and in construction with a nominal subject
 

complex verbal modifying a preceding nominal expression
 

verbal phrase following and modifying a nominal expression which functions as predicate
 

a complex verbal modifying a preceding sentence
 

verbal phrase postposed to and modifying a sentence
 

complex verbal modifying a preceding verbal expression
 

complex verbal expression following and modifying a verb, this whole expression preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

VP containing a pronoun with an omitted contextually determinate object
 

complex transitive verbal expression with an omitted contextually determinate object, preceding and being modified by a verbal expression.
 

complex verb with a contextually determinate omitted object, this phrase preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

complex transitive verb with a contextually determinate verbal object
 

complex verbal with an idiomatically omitted contextually determinate subject and followed by a sentential object.
 

complex transitive verbal expression with an idiomatically omitted contextually determinate subject, and this construction being followed by a sentence or a series of sentences.
 

complex transitive verb with a contextually determinate omitted object
 

Ditransitive verb with an understood direct object, that construction being followed by a verbal expression the subject of which is the omitted N
 

complex transitive verbal expression with it's omitted contextually determinate object, this whole construction being followed by and being in construction with a sentence.
 

complex verbal with a contextually determinate omitted object, this phrase being followed by and being in construction with a transitive verb with a sentential object.
 

complex transitive ver with an omitted direct object, this phrase followed by and in construction with a nominal expression.
 

complex verbal with an omitted contextually determinate sentential object
 

complex transitive verb followed by its object in the form of a transitive verbal expression with its sentential object.
 

complex transitive verbal expression followed by its nominal object
 

transitive complex verb with its nominal object, this construction being followed by a sentence.
 

complex transitive verb with its nominal object, that phrase being followed and modified by a verbal expression.
 

complex transitive verbal expression preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

transitive complex verb followed by its nominal object, this whole phrase preceding and mofifying a main verbal expression.
 

transitive complex verbal expression followed by its object, that whole phrase being in construction with a preceding verbal expression
 

complex transitive verb followed by its object, this construction modifying a preceding verbal expression.
 

complex transitive verb followed by its nominal object, this phrase being in construction with a preceding nominal expression.
 

complex transitive verb with its object, modifying a preceding nominal expression
 

transitive complex verbal with its nominalised sentential object
 

transitive complex verbal with an abstract nominal object, this phrase preceding and modifying a main verbal
 

complex transitive verbal followed by its (topic) nominal object, this phrase preceding and being in construction with a main sentence
 

complex transitive verb followed by a sentential object (which is not pronominalisable).
 

transitive complex verb with sentential object, preceding a negative.
 

transitive verbal phrase with sentential object, following and being modified by another sentence
 

complex transitive verb preceding and in construction with a verbal predicate, the subject of this phrase being omitted
 

complex transitive verbal expression followed by its verbal object, this phrase being modified by a preceding sentence.
 

complex transitive verb followed by its verbal object, that whole phrase following after and being in construction with a nominal subject
 

transitive verbal phrase followed by a verbal object, that phrase being postposed to a sentence
 

complex transitive verb followed by a verb, this construction being in construction with a preceding verbal expression.
 

complex transitive verbal with a verbal object the omitted subject of which is lexically determinate, i.e. predictable from the VPt.
 

transiitive complex verbal followed by its passive verbal object
 

transitive complex verbal expression in construction with its prepositional object
 

transitive complex verbal follwed by its nominal object introduced by a preposition, that whole expression preceding and being in construction with a verb with its sentential object.
 

transitive complex verb followed by a preposition and the object, this whole phrase preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

VPt prep NPab{V}
 

complex transitive verb preceding a preposition with its object.
 

complex transitive verbal expression followed by its place-noun object introduced by a preposition.
 

complex transitive verb preceded by and in construction with a transitive verb with its omitted and contextually determinate object.
 

verb phrase with a lexically predictable omitted subject followed by a verbal object with a syntactically predictable omitted subject
 

subjectless transitive verb phrase with a verbal object V1 and in construction with a preceding verbal expression V2
 

subjectless verb phrase with prepositional object N1 in construction with preceding transitive verb with an object N2
 

transitive complex verb with its nominal object, being followed by and in construction with a sentence.
 

subjectless verb phrase with an object and following another noun with which it is in construction
 

subjectless transitive verb phrase with its object, following another subjectless transitive verb phrase with its object that whole phrase preceding and modifying a sentence
 

grammatically subjectless transitive verbal expression followed by a nominal which one is tempted to take as the logical subject.
 

complex subjectless verbal followed by its nominal topic object, this construction preceding and being in construction with a sentence.
 

subjectless verb phrase with a sentential object
 

subjectless transitive complex verbal with its sentential object, this whole phrase preceding and modifying another sentence
 

complex transitive verbal expression with its sentential object S1, this construction preceded by and in construction with another sentence S2.
 

transitive complex verb in construction with a preceding transitive (co)verb with its contextually determinate omitted nominal object
 

transitive complex verbal expression with an omitted contextually determinate verbal object.
 

complex transitive verb with a lexically determinate subject and with a contextually determinate omitted verbal object.
 

complex verbal expression with a lexically determinate obligatorily omitted subject and a contextually determinate object.
 

transitive verb phrase with contextually determinate obligatorily omitted subject
 

complex verbal with a lexically determinate idiomatically omitted subject and a verbal object the subject of which is lexically determinate on the basis of the main VP.
 

transitive complex verbal expression with a lexically determinate subject
 

transitive complex verbal expression, with a lexically determinate idiomatically omitted subject, followed by its object, that whole phrase being modified by a preceding verbal expression
 

complex verbal expression with an idiomatically omitted lexically determinate subject preceding its nominal object which is a nominalised sentence
 

complex verbal expression with an idiomatically omitted lexically determinate subject, followed by a sentential object.
 

complex transitive verbal expression with a lexically determinate omitted reflexive pronoun object.
 

transitive complex verbal expression with a lexically determined or predictable omitted object.
 

transitive commpound verbal expression
 

complex transitive verb with nominal object, preceding a transitive verb with a sentential object.
 

VPtoN.-然
 

VPtoN.postS{INDIRECT OBJECT}
 

complex transitive verbal expression with its nominal object, this whole expression preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

transititive VP with an object pronoun (v is vtt!) followed by the indirect object, that phrase preceded by N2 as the subject of that VP.
 

VPtoN1.postN2{SUBJ} V{PRED}
 

complex transitive verb with its abstract nominalised object.
 

VPtoNPab{V}
 

transitive complex verbal with an abstract nominal object, in construction with a preceding transitive verb and its own abstract nominal object
 

complex transitive verbal expression followed by its object which is an abstract nominal expression dervived from a sentence S by nominalisation
 

VPtoNab{VP}
 

transitive verb governing nominal predicate
 

complex verbal followed by its sentential object
 

transitive complex verbal expression with its sentential object, this construction modifying another sentence that follows.
 

complex transitive verbal with its sentential object, this whole phrase being in construction with a preceding other sentence.
 

VPtoSS
 

VPtoV
 

Transitive verb phrase with it's verbal object the subject of which is contextually determinate and omitted
 

transitive complex verbal expression with its verbal object.
 

transitive complex verbal expression being preceded and modified by a transitive verb with its nominal object.
 

complex transitive verb preceded by and in construction with a transitive verb with an omitted contextually determinate object (which is the object of the complex transitive verb)
 

transitive complex verbal in construction with a preceding (co)verb with its object (this object identifying the object of the main VPt.
 

verb phrase containing an object pronoun, preceded by an NP that serves as its indirect object
 

transitive complex verb with a preceding nominal object
 

transitive VP preceded by its sentential indirect object
 

complex transitive verbal expression modifying a preceding sentence.
 

complex transitive verbal expression modifying a preceding verbal expression.
 

ditransitive verb with a contextually determinate understood indirect object N and a sentential direct object.
 

ditransitive complex verbal expression with a contextually determinate omitted subject introduced by a preposition, this being followed by and in construction with a second nominal object.
 

VPtt(oN.) NP{PRED}
 

ditransitive complex verb with omitted first object, this construction being in construction with and followed by a sentence.
 

ditransitive complex verb with a contextually determinate omitted pivotal object, this phrase preceding and being in construction with a verbal expression
 

VPtt(oN1). N2
 

ditransitive verbal phrase with to contextually determinate omitted objects
 

complex transitive verb with a contextually determinate indirect object N1 and followed by a direct object N2
 

ditransitive complex verbal expression with a contextually retrievable omitted direct object followed by a prepositional phrase.
 

ditransitive verbal expression followed by and in construction with a sentence, this phrase being followed by and in construction with another sentence.
 

complex ditransitive verbal expression followed by a nominal object, this phrase being in construciton with a contextually determinate omitted object.
 

VPtt[0](oN). V
 

verbal expression with an omitted lexically determinate reflexive direct object and followed by a nominal complement
 

ditransitive complex verbal followed by a nominal object, that phrase being followed by a sentential object.
 

complex ditransitive verb with a nominal object, this phrase being in construction with and preceding a verbal expression
 

ditransitive complex verbal expression followed by a nominal object, this whole expression being "followed" by an omitted prepositional phrase.
 

ditransitive complex verbal with its nominal object, with contextually determinate omitted second object omitted
 

ditransitive complex verb in construction followed by its two objects, both irreplacable by the object pronoun zhi1 之 .
 

complex ditransitive verb followed by its direct object, that phrase being followed by the indirect object preceded by a preposition.
 

ditransitive complex verbal expression with an object, that whole construction being preceded by a prepositional phrase which is in construction with it.
 

a complex ditransitive verb following after and in construction with a pronoun, that whole phrase followed by a predicative nominal expression.
 

discontinuous verbal idiom.
 

A verbal expression that functions as a complete sentence.

{nominal or verbal constituent that can function pragmatically as a self-contained utterance or sentence}
Strictly speaking, from a syntactic point of view, verbal sentences are verb phrases and nominal sentences are noun phrases, because they have verbal and nominal heads respectively.
 

It is hard to see how one can avoid the notion of a sentence here
 

a pro-sentential particle preceding and modifying a main sentence
 

count noun. Noun that can be counted without necessarily being found counted in our sources. These should be renamed nc.
 

subjectless predicative noun with a contextually determinate omitted subject preceding and modifying a verbal expression
 

noun postposed to modifying a nominal expression
 

as a son of the contextually determinate N
 

n with an ommited nominal attribute in apposition with N2
 

noun in apposition with an understood (prededing) proper name
 

noun followed by the particle 乎 , that phrase preceding and modifying a main verbal expression
 

a noun preceding and in construction with a proper name nominal expression
 

noun preceding and in construction with a proper noun expression
 

noun preceding and being modified by a nominal expression.
 

noun preceding and modified by an N
 

reduplicated noun
 

reduplicated noun (which serves as subject/topic) followed by a verbal expression which functions as predicate
 

reduplicated nominal that functions as an abstract noun.
 

• 漢語重言詞詞典 Hanyu chongwenci cidian ( WANG WEIMAO 1999) p.

reduplicated nominal expression preceding and modifying another nominal expression.
 

reduplicated noun preceding and in construction with a sentence.
 

adverbial reduplicated noun
 

Exocentric expression consisting of a monosyllabic noun modifying a lexically determinate omitted nominal expression.
 

n[adNab]
 

noun modified by a lexically determinate N1, that whole construction preceding and modifying N2
 

n[post-N1.adN2]
 

noun with an understood lexically determinate omitted nominal expression which modifies it.
 

abstract noun (of which there is a wide semantic variety with a variety of syntactic properties)
 

• Les noms abstraits ( FLAUX 1996) p.

• Die Abstraktion im Lateinischen. eine semantisch-morphologische Untersuchung auf begriffsanalytischer und literaturgeschichtlicher Grundlage; 2 vols. Annales Academiae Scientiarum Fenicae, Series B ( MIKKOLA 1964A) p.

• Die Abstraktion ( MIKKOLA 1964) p.

• Abstrakter Ausdruck am Altlatein. ( MOLSBERGER 1989) p.

abstract nominal modified by a contextually determinate N
 

nab(.post-N1:)(post-N2)
 

abstract noun followed and modified by a transltive verbal expression with a sentential object.
 

abstract noun preceding and modifying a nominal expression
 

abstract noun preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

transitive noun preceding and modifying a verbal expression
 

abstract adverbial noun in a inalianable relation with the following Npro
 

nab.c:post-N
 

abstract noun modified by a preceding nominal expression.
 

abstract noun following after and modified by a nominal expression
 

nab.ostt-N1:adN2
 

nab.post-Npr
 

abstract noun modified by a preceding place noun that construction being followed by a nominal predicate.
 

abstract noun in construction with a preceding (often subjectless) sentence
 

abstract noun modified by a preceding verbal expression.
 

abstract noun modified by a preceding VP.
 

nab.post-npro
 

personified abstraction
 

abstract noun, reduplicated
 

reduplicated abstract noun preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

transitive abstract noun, i.e. an abstract, typically deverbal, noun the concept of which involves an action directed at an object
 

transitive abstract noun with an omitted contextually determinate prepositional phrase.
 

transitive abstract nominal followed by a preposition with its object
 

transitive abstract count noun
 

an abstract transitive noun in construction with a preceding nominal expression
 

transitive abstract noun preceded and modified by a noun, that modification being marked by the particle 之
 

ditransitive abstract noun.
 

abstract noun with an understood lexically determinate omitted nominal expression which modifies it.
 

abstract noun in construction with a preceding sentence, that construction preceding and modifying another sentence.
 

predicative abstract noun
 

adnominal adverb preceding and modifying a transitive verb with an explicit nominal object
 

noun modifying a phrase consisting of a verb modifying a nominal expression.
 

denominal adjective: noun preceding and modifying a nominal expression
 

noun preceding and modifying a nominal expression, that whole expression preceding and modifying a verbal expression
 

noun preceding a nominal expression, that whole construction following after and modifying a verbal expression
 

noun preceding and modifying an abstract nominal
 

nadN{PRED.S1}.post-S2
 

An n modifying an N that is predicative.
 

denominal sentential adverb: a noun which precedes and modifies a sentence
 

noun preceding and modifying a sentence, this whole phrase modifying a second sentence
 

noun modifying a sentence, this phrase being in construction with a preceding other sentence.
 

noun preceding and modifying a sentence or sequence of sentences
 

noun which precedes and modifies a main verb, traditionally: denominal adverb
 

lexically retrievable N modified by a nadV construction
 

noun modifying a verb, that phrase modifying a noun.
 

noun preceding and modifying a verbal expression, and that whole expression in turn preceding and modifying a sentence
 

noun preceding and modifying a verbal expression, this phrase being in construction with a preceding nominal subject.
 

noun preceding and modifying a verbal expression, this whole construction being preceed by nominal subject, and this whole construction in turn following after and being in construction with a sentence.
 

a noun preceding and modifying a verbal, that whole construction being preceded and modified by another verbal expression
 

nominal preceding and modifying a negative verb.
 

noun preceding and modifying a passive verbal expression.
 

noun modifying a passive verbal expression, that whole phrase modifying a noun.
 

countable noun followed and modified by a numeral
 

count noun modifyng a construction consisting of a number verb followed by another count noun and a nominal expression.
 

nc[post-V{YI}] N
 

count noun preceding and modifying a nominal
 

count noun, noun that can be counted by individual items and are actually found counted.
 

counted noun modified by a omitted contextually determinate pronoun, that whole expression being followed by and in construction with a nominal expression.
 

construction with measure word for verbs. cf: 去一趟
 

noun preceded by a number verb, that whole construction following after and modifying a verbal expression.　擊之三下
 

• 古漢語語法及其發展 ( HE LESHI 1992) p. 200ff

counted noun determined by a numeral
 

• 古漢語語法及其發展 ( HE LESHI 1992) p. 200ff

• 古漢語語法及其發展 ( HE LESHI 1992) p. 200ff

• 古漢語語法及其發展 ( HE LESHI 1992) p. 200ff

count noun preceded and modified by a pronoun, and in construction with a main nominal expression that is omitted by contextually deterinate.
 

count noun preceded and modified by a pronoun, that whole construction preceding and in construction with a nominal expression.
 

mass noun, a noun that does not refer to countable concrete items and is not plausibly considered as abstract
 

• Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Second Edition ( BROWN 2005) p.

• Semantics ( VON STECHOW 1991) p. 370-398

mass noun modified by an omitted contextually determinate nominal expression.
 

mass noun preceding a predicative verb phrase.
 

nm.ab
 

counted mass noun.
 

mass noun in construction with a preceding transitive verbal expression.
 

mass noun modified by an omitted lexically determinate nominal expression.
 

mass noun preceding and modifying a main noun
 

mass noun modifying a noun, this whole construction modifying a second nominal expression.
 

adverbially used mass noun
 

nmpost-N
 

mass noun preceded and modified by a proper name, typically a place name
 

nm{PRED}
 

complex nominal consisting of two syllables not current with independent meaning
 

nn[adN]
 

abstract noun consisting of two elements that have no current separate meaning.
 

binomial noun preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

nominal mass binome, the constituents of which have no independent meaning.
 

nominal mass binome, the constituents of which have no independent meaning preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

reflexive pronoun preceding a construction constising of a transitive verb followed by its unpronominalisable object
 

noun preceded and modified by a phrase consisting of a nominal expression followed by 之 .
 

noun preceded and modified by a nominal expression with 之 , that whole phrase followed by and in construction with a sentence.
 

noun preceded by a construction consisting of two nouns in construction with each other.
 

a noun following, and being modified by, a nominal expression
 

transitive noun preceded and modified by a nominal expression, this whole phrase followed by and in construction with a proper name
 

n modified by N and in apposition with Npr
 

noun modified by a preceding nominal expression, this phrase preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

noun being modified by a preceding other nominal expression, that whole phrase preceding yet another nominal expression.
 

noun modified by a preceding abstract nominal expression.
 

noun modified by a preceding place name.
 

noun being modified by a preceding place noun, this construction being followed by a proper name.
 

noun modified by a preceding place noun, this constuction being the object of a transitive verb.
 

noun modified by a preceding sentence or minor sentence
 

noun modified by a sentence in attributive function
 

noun in construction with preceding sentence, that whole phrase preceding and modifying another sentence
 

noun following after and being modified by a verbal expression.
 

noun following after a verbal expression, that whole construction preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

noun modified by a preceding pronoun, this construstion preceding a proper name.
 

noun preceded and modified by a pronoun, that whole construction preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

a noun in construction with a preceding collocation of two nominals
 

An n preceded by an N that is in apposition with it.
 

a noun idiomatically in construction with a preceding proper name which modifies it
 

noun in construction with a preceding noun.
 

noun preceded by a proper name.
 

N exemplified by Npr
 

Npr agent subject of V>Nab
 

noun preceded by a proper nominal, this construction being modified by a preceding place name.
 

N modified by an S
 

noun following after a verbal expression, that whole construction preceding and modifying another verbal expression.
 

noun following after and serving as object of a transitive verb
 

noun following after the transitive verbal expression of which it is the object, that whole construction preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

noun modifying a preceding pronominal expression
 

particle modifying a preceding N
 

noun following after and modifying a sentence.
 

denominal postverbal adverb: noun modifying a preceding verb
 

noun that is a proper name
 

proper name defining an N
 

proper noun, preceding and modifying a verbal expression
 

a noun that is a a pro-form, traditionally: a pronoun
 

pronoun modifying a contextually determinate unexpressed main nominal
 

pronoun functioning as an adverb to an omitted verbal expression
 

npro(post-N)
 

pronoun preceding a transitive verb followed by a pivot-nominal expression, this construction being followed by a verb.
 

pronoun followed by a nominal predicate
 

pronoun preceding and in construction with a predicate, with an omitted topic understood as preceding the whole construction
 

pronoun which precedes and is in construction with a verbal, that whole phrase being modified by a preceding noun
 

pronoun followed by a verbal predicate, that whole construction being the object of a VtoS which follows.
 

pronoun followed by a transitive verbal expression with a contextually determinate unexpressed object
 

pronoun followed by a transitive verbal expression, that whole construction preceding and modifying a nominal expression.
 

A pronoun followed by a transitive Vt, that whole construction being preceded by an object N.
 

a pronoun in construction with and preceding a transitive verb, this phrase in turn prededing and modifying a nominal expression
 

pronoun preceding a transitive verb with its object
 

pronoun followed by and in construction with a predicative verbal expression.
 

pronoun in construction with and preceding a verbal predicate, that phrase being in construction with a preceding nominal subject
 

pronoun followed by and modified by a construction consisting of a translive verbal expression followed by its nominal object.
 

pronoun followed by and modified by a construction consisting of a ditransitive verbal expression followed by its indirect object
 

a pronoun followed by and modified by a transitive verbal expression
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a contextually determinate nominal N1, this phrase being preceded by and in construction with N1
 

pronoun preceding a phrase consisting of a transitive verb with its object
 

pronoun preceding transitive verbal expression, this phrase being in construction with a preceding phrase consisting of a nominal expression followed by a pronoun, the whole of this complex expression in turn preceding and modifying a main nominal expression
 

(interrogative) object pronoun preceding and in construction with a ditransitive verb with one nominal object
 

abstract pronoun
 

adnominal pronoun, a pronoun which modifies and precedes a nominal expression
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a noun, this phrase preceding and modifying a verbal expression.
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a nominalised sentence
 

pronoun preceding and modifying an abstract nominal
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a mass-nominal expression.
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a proper name
 

npro.adNpr{PRED}
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a number nominal.
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a number noun, that whole construction preceding and modifying a head pronoun
 

pronound preceding and modifying a predicative nominal expression
 

pronoun in adsentential position
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a sentence S1, that whole construction preceding and modifying another sentence S2
 

pronoun (sentence connective) preceding and modifying a sentence, this whole phrase following after and being in construction with a second sentence
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a verbal expression; traditionally: de-pronominal adverb
 

pronoun preceding and modifying (e.g. nominalising or subordinating) a verbal expression, that whole phrase preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

npro.adVt[oN]
 

pronoun modifying an expression consisting of a number verb phrase modifying a noun.
 

pronoun modified by a preceding phrase consisting of a pronoun preceding and modifying a numeral noun.
 

pronoun preceded and modified by a nominal expression, that whole phrase being followed by a sentence
 

pronoun preceded and modified by a (time) nominal, that whole expression preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

pronoun preceded and modified by a nominal expression, this whole phrase following after 有 , and that whole construction being followed by a verbal predicate
 

pronoun preceded and modified by a nominalised sentence, this construction preceding and modifying another (unnominalised) sentence
 

pronoun preceded and mofified by an abstract nominal exprssion
 

pronoun preceded and modified by a proper name
 

particle following two paratactically conjoined nouns, the whole expression modifying another noun
 

a pronoun in construction with a preceding nominal
 

pronoun modified by a prededing predicative nominal expression
 

pronominal particle enclosing the SUO-construction
 

noun modifyiing a preceding sentence, and this construction preceding and modifying another sentence
 

pronoun following after and being modified by a verb.
 

npro.post-Vt
 

pronoun following after and modified by a verbal expression which is semantically passive
 

pronoun preceded by a preposition (of which it is the object), that whole phrase following after a verbal expression
 

pronoun following the nominal subject of existence after 有
 

question pronoun in construction with a preceding nominalised sentence
 

The V-ing of Npr
 

pronoun following and in construction with a proper name, that construction being preceded by 有 and that whole construction in turn being followed by a verbal predicate.
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding nominal topic, this whole phase followed by and in construction with an abstract nominal
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding sentence
 

question pronoun in construction with a preceding verbal expression
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding verbal, the whole phrase preceding and modifying a nominal
 

pronoun following after a verbal expression, this whole phrase preceding and modifying a nominal expression, that whole expression in turn preceding and modifying a sentence.
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding verbal, this whole phrase modifying a proper name (taken in the Vossian general sense "an X, a person like X"
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding verbal, this whole phrase being in construction with a preceding nominal
 

npro marking adjectival modification of an abstract N
 

verbal, which is a contraction of a transitive verb which follows a transitive verbal as its object
 

pronoun functioning as a pivot
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding transitive verb, this phrase preceding and being in construction with a verbal expression the omitted subject of which is lexically determinate as being identical in reference with the npro.
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding transitive verb, this phrase preceding and modifying a verbal expression with a lexically determinate omitted subject.
 

pronoun in modifying a preceding N, this whole phrase preceding and modifying a verbal
 

pronoun modifying a preceding nominal N1, and that whole phrase preceding and modifying a second nominal N2
 

pronoun modifying a preceding nominal, this phrase preceding and modifying an abstract nominal
 

pronoun modifying a preceding verbal expression, this whole phrase preceding and modifying a verb
 

npropostadVP.adN
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding transitive verb (of which it is the object), this phrase preceding and modifying a main verb with a lexically determinate omitted subject
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding ditransitive verb, this phrase preceding and being in construction with a second nominal object
 

Reduplicated pronoun
 

reduplicated pronoun preceding and in construction with a verbal expression.
 

nonreferential pronoun
 

non-referential pronoun modifying an omitted nominal head of the construction.
 

adnominal non-referential pronoun
 

nonreferential pronoun as object after a transitive verb.
 

a pronoun preceding a transitive verb with a pronominal object (referring back to that first pronoun).
 

pronoun preceding and in construction with a transitive verb, this phrase preceding and being in construction with another pronoun which precedes and modifies a noun
 

pronoun preceding a transitive verb, this phrase in construction with a preceding nominal that is coreferential with the pronoun
 

pronoun in construction with and preceding a transitive verb, this phrase being in construction with a preceding (adnominal) pronoun
 

(demonstrative) pronoun preceding and modifying a phrase consisting of a number verb preceding and modifying a noun, this whole phrase preceding and modifying another pronoun
 

npro1 restricts the reference of npro2
 

who from among the N
 

pronoun in apposition with the preceding pronoun, both referring to the subject of V
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding other coreferential pronoun
 

postpronominal pronoun modifying a nominal head
 

npro1.postpro2:adN
 

other than
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a construction consisting of a second pronoun preceding and modifying a noun.
 

npro2's Nab
 

pronominal subject of V>Nab
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a phrase consisting of another pronoun which precedes and is in construction with a transitive verbal
 

pronoun preceding and in construction with a phrase consisting of a pronominal object preceding the transitive verb of which it is the object
 

pronoun following a phrase consisting of a transitive verb followed by its object in the form of a pronound preceding and modifying a main nominal expression
 

pronoun preceded by and in construction with a phrase consisting of a comparative transitive verb with its preposition
 

pronoun in apposition with a noun that follows it
 

pronoun followed by and in apposition with a nominal expression
 

pronoun followed by and in apposition with a proper name.
 

pronoun preceding and modifying a transitive verb with its nominal object, that whole phrase being in construction with a preceding transitive verb (of which the phrase is the object)
 

pronoun modifying a counted nominal expression
 

npro object of Nab
 

npro is the object of the transitivity in Ntr
 

nproadN{PRED}
 

demonstrative pronoun modifying a transitive verbal expression
 

pronoun in construction with a preceding subject noun followed by a verbal predicate
 

A pronoun in apposition with a preceding proper name
 

pronoun preceded by an N, this whose expression being followed by a verbal expression modifying that N