NAME    稱呼名

SPEAK so as to REFER to something OR WORD USED for REFERRING to something.
DESIGNATIONHONORIFICTITLETAGEPITHETLABELINFORMAL MONIKERHANDLEFORMAL DENOMINATIONAPPELLATION
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for a name is míng 名 (ant. shí 實 "reality"). 2. Wèi 謂 refers generally to the act of calling something by a certain name. 3. Yuē 曰 is weaker in meaning and often refers to something being known as or called X. 4. Mìng 命 typically refers to what is construed as a deliberate act of creating a name or making creative use of a name with the assumption that others should follow the practice. 5. Chēng 稱 typically refers simply to establishing a new name for something or using a name in a special way. 6. Shì 諡 refers as a technical term to formally conferring a posthumous name on someone or to that name itself. (See PERSONAL NAME)
Modern Chinese Criteria
名字 refers to the name of anything. 叫名兒 refers colloquially to what something is called. 名目 (lit) refers generally to the name of things. 名號 refers to a name or title. 稱號 is a rather formal word for a title or designation. 稱呼 refers to the act of addressing someone by name. 名 號 名稱 名目 叫名兒 稱謂 稱 名 號 美名 令名 美稱 佳名 英名 雅號 徽號 尊稱 尊號 大號 敬稱 愛稱 昵稱 小稱 謙稱 卑稱 別稱 又稱 俗稱 職稱 簡稱 通稱 統稱 俗名 罪名 帽子 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • PRONOUN　NOUN REPLACING ANOTHER NOUN. [] (anc: 13/0, child: 13)
  • SO-CALLED　NAMED X, BUT NOT APROPRIATELY. (anc: 13/0, child: 0)
  • TITLE　NAME of RANK. (anc: 13/0, child: 0)
  • PERSONAL NAMES　NAME of a HUMAN. (anc: 13/0, child: 2)
  • PROPER NAME　NAME of a DEFINED HUMAN, ANIMAL OR THING. (anc: 13/0, child: 3)
See also
  • WRITTEN CHARACTERWRITTEN IMAGE:symbol TYPICALLY USED to RECORD SPEAK:speech.
  • WELL-KNOWNBe KNOWN as IMPORTANT by MANY.
  • CONCEPTABSTRACT DEFINED IDEA of OBJECTS of THOUGHT.
  • SPEAKACT so as to USE WORDS FOR SHOWING MEANING.*Speech by speaker X, directed towards audience Y, in order to communicate message Z.
Hypernym
  • WORD　SOUND IMAGE of a CONCEPT. (Leibniz, Couturat p. 432) (anc: 11/0, child: 7)
  • SOUND　WHAT CAN be HEARD. (anc: 10/0, child: 7)
  • HEAR　PERCEIVE SOUND. (anc: 9/0, child: 1)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 18.28

  • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 121

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    NOMEN

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 46

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 3.979

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 1.781

    BEGRIFF [MARGINAL, OF COURSE, BUT STILL...]

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 6.364

    NAME

  • Handbuch der lateinischen und griechischen Synonymik ( SCHMIDT 1889) p. 5

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 121

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 125ff

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.277

  • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. B 22

    • Words (39 items)

    謂  wèi OC: ɢuds MC: ɦɨi 174 Attributions

    Wèi 謂 refers generally to the act of calling something by a certain name.

      Syntactic words
    • vt[0].+V[0]middle voicebe properly called V; be said to V 可謂
    • vtt0(oN1.)+N2one calls the contextually determinate N1 "N2"CH
    • vtt[0]oN.+V[0]one says that N V-s, one takes N to V, one deems N to VCH
    • vtt[0]oN1.+N2謂之“仁人” one calls (N1) properly by (a name N2)　
    • vtt[0]oN1.postN2pro:postN2one calls N2 N1; N2 is called N1 此之謂x
    • vtt[0]oNpro. N:postNab{S}{SUBJECT}(if one behaves so and so) one calls it N 不問而告謂之傲LZ
    • vtt[0]onpro.+N1.postN2{=npro}A 謂之B: A is called B
    • vtt[0]{PASS}oN1.postN2passivebe called (See COPULA, but note the deep difference between what people say and what ought to be said. The distinction between copula use and the present use must be reworked.CH)
    • vttoN.+V[0]say that N V-s; say of (something or someone) (that it is such and such)
    • vttoN.+V[0]reflexive.自call (oneself) V
    • vttoN1+.vtoN2call something by a name; used with the copula 曰 introducing the name given
    • vttoN1.+N2callcall (something N1(often Npro)) (an N2)
    • vttoN1.+N2reflexive.自call (oneself) N2
    • {vtt...}mathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
    名  míng OC: meŋ MC: miɛŋ 61 Attributions

    The current general word for a name is míng 名 (ant. shí 實 "reality").

      Syntactic words
    • nname (of a thing)CH
    • n(post-N)name (of a person or thing)
    • nab.adVby definition
    • nab[post-N]names, nomenclature
    • nabmathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
    • npost-NN's nameDS
    • npost-npronpro-s nameCH
    • vadNpassiveBUDDHIST: the so-called [SK]
    • vimiddle voice: be called by one's personal name 
    • vimiddlevoicehave a nameCH
    • vt(oN)apply a predicate to
    • vt(oN1.)+Vt+N2call the contextually indeterminate N1 N2 名曰
    • vt+Npassivebe called
    • vtoNcall by a certain name;
    • vtoNcopulabe called, is defined as
    • vtoNpassivebe called by the surnameCH
    • vtoNreflexive.自.ownnamecall (oneself) by one's own name
    • vtt(oN.)+V[0]call the contextually determinate N V
    • vtt(oN1.)(+N2)call the contextually determinate N1 a contextually determinate name N2TWH
    • vttoN1.+N2call N1 by the name N2
    • vttoN1.+vtoN2call (someone)(by a name) 名...曰; 名他為兄
    • vttoN1.postN2passiveN2 called N1DS
    曰  yuē OC: ɢʷad MC: ɦi̯ɐt 43 Attributions

    Yuē 曰 is weaker in meaning and often refers to something being known as or called X.

      Syntactic words
    • vt+Npassivebe called
    • vt[0]oN1.postadN2called; an N1 called N2
    • vtt(+N1)+N2call the contextually determinate N1 "N2", refer to the contextually determinate N1 as "N2"CH
    • vtt(oN1.)+N2call the contextually determinate omitted N1 an N2
    稱  chēng OC: thjɯŋ MC: tɕhɨŋ
    稱穪  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 42 Attributions

    Chēng 稱 typically refers simply to establishing a new name for something or using a name in a special way.

      Syntactic words
    • n[post-N]generaldesignation for thingsCH
    • nab.post-Ntextdesignation for N
    • nabactthe act calling something by a name, the act predication
    • vt[0]oNpassivedenote; refer to
    • vtoNdesignate as , choose to call by (a designation); apply rank to, specify of
    • vtoN.adVrefering to N (say, use the words)
    • vtoNmentionspeak of; mention
    • vtoNpassivebe called, be referred to by the title of
    • vtt(oN1.)+N2call the understood object by the name N2(N2 can be the nominal? designation for an action)CH
    • vtt[0]oN1.postN2{OBJ}one calls N2 N1
    • vttoN.+V[0]psychcall (oneself) V, claim that (oneself) V-s
    • vttoN1.+N2call (something N1) by (a name N2)
    • vttoN1.+N2reflexive.自call (oneself) N2
    • vttoN1.+prep+N2:+Vreflexive.自call (oneself) N2　自稱於諸侯曰
    • vttoN1.+prep+N2declarativedeclare N1 to be possessed of N2CH
    • vttoN1.+VtoN2reflexive.自自稱曰老夫 (sometimes with preceding 於﹣phrase)
    可謂  kě wèi MC: khaX hjw+jH OC: khlaalʔ ɢuds 19 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNdeserve the designation N, may properly be called NCH
    • VPttoN.+Spassiveit can be said about N, that SDS
    名曰  míng yuē OC: meŋ ɢʷad MC: miɛŋ ɦi̯ɐt 16 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt+N1.postadN2middle voicecalled
    • VPtoNmiddle voicebe called
    號  hào OC: ɢluus MC: ɦɑu 14 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 名/WELL-KNOWN The dominant general term for any kind of reputation, god or bad, is míng 名.
    • Assoc: 名/NAME The current general word for a name is míng 名 (ant. shí 實 "reality").

      Syntactic words
    • nabdesignation, denomination for N (often as something that has been decided on, as stipulated, as in 改號)
    • vt(oN1.)+VtoN2call contextually determinate N1 by the name N2　號曰商君
    • vt[0]oN1.+VtoN2they call N1 by the appellation N2
    • vtoNpassivebe referred to by the designation X
    • vtoNreflexive.自give a denomination to (oneself)
    • vtt(oN1.)+N2give the name N2 to the contextually determinate N1CH
    • vttoN1.+VtoN2resultativecall the person N1 N2 (N2 being preceded by a a verbal complement indicating a result) 號之為佛
    舉  jǔ OC: klaʔ MC: ki̯ɤ 12 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nmention to, literary cite to
    • vtoNbring up, mention
    謂之  wèi zhī MC: hjw+jH tsyi OC: ɢuds kljɯ 12 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(+N)call it (by some contextually determinate name)CH
    • VPtoN.postN{INDIRECT OBJECT}indefinite omitted generalising subjectone calls S N; S is called NCH
    • VPtoN.postS{INDIRECT+OBJECT}the situation described in S is called NCH
    • VPtoN1.postN2{SUBJECT}call him/her/it/them N2CH
    之謂  zhī wèi MC: tsyi hjw+jH OC: kljɯ ɢuds 11 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtpostNP{INDIRECT OBJECT}one may properly call him/her/it/them an NPCH
    謚  shì OC: ɢljiɡs MC: ʑi 10 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nposthumous name
    • vtt(oN1.)+N2bestow the posthumous name N2 to the person N1
    • vttoN1+.vtoN2bestow the honorary appellation N2 on the person N1 諡之曰
    命  mìng OC: mɢreŋs MC: mɣaŋ 9 Attributions

    Mìng 命 typically refers to what is construed as a deliberate act of creating a name or making creative use of a name with the assumption that others should follow the practice.

      Syntactic words
    • viactbe engaged in creating names
    • vt(oN)give a name to the contextually determinate NCH
    • vt(oN1.)+VtoN2determinne to call a contextually determinate N1 by the name N2 命曰棄
    • vt(oN1{PIVOT}).+Vt+N2(declare the contextually determinate thing to be called) declare something (to be "X") 命曰：
    • vtoNgive a name to, introduce a new name for; use a characterisation for
    • vtoN1.adVtoN2baptise N1 as N2; declare N1 to be N2; insist on calling N1 an N2
    • vtoNpassivebe referred to as N, be given the name N
    • vttoN1.+N2give to N1 a name N2
    • {vtt...}mathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
    諡  shì OC: ɢljiɡs MC: ʑi 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nposthumous name
    • vttoN1.+N2give a posthumous name N2 to N1
    師諱  shī huì OC: sril qhuls MC: ʂi hɨi 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNBUDDH: have the canonical name N as master
    名字  míng zì OC: meŋ sɡlɯs MC: miɛŋ dzɨ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPname
    • VPtoNreflexiveBUDDH: call oneself N (the reflexive direct object is never explicit, and therefore we hesitate to call this as ditransitive)
    諱  huì OC: qhuls MC: hɨi 3 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 姓/PERSONAL NAME Xìng 姓 refers to the general name of the clan defined by one's male lineage.
    • Contrast: 字/PERSONAL NAME Zì 字 refers to the courtesy name given to a person at the age of 20 for boys, and 15 for girls, and the purpose of this was to give the person an appellation that would distinguish her or him from the other members of the family and give him an identity. The zì 字 or a person was therefore something that was taken great care with.

      Syntactic words
    • ntaboo name
    • viactavoid the name of a dead person
    • vtoNcopulahave the taboo name XBUDDH: have the canonical name (as master)
    稱乎  chēng hū MC: tsyhing hu OC: thjɯŋ ɢaa 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNmiddle voicebe referred to as (not really "called")CH
    其名  qí míng MC: gi mjieng OC: ɡɯ meŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPadVin nameCH
    字  zì OC: sɡlɯs MC: dzɨ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcausativegive an adult name; generally: find a name for something which exists
    名言  míng yán OC: meŋ ŋan MC: miɛŋ ŋi̯ɐn 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabname; appellation (by contrast to a substantial entity)
    加  jiā OC: kraal MC: kɣɛ 2 Attributions

    The standard word for attributing a feature to something is jiā 加.

      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Npassivebe attributed to N
    • vttoN1.+N2attribute (guilt etc N1) to (someone N2)
    及  jí OC: ɡrɯb MC: gip 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNrefer to, mention, touch upon
    族  zú OC: sɡooɡ MC: dzuk 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nclan-name
    言  yán OC: ŋan MC: ŋi̯ɐn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNmentionCH
    • vttoN1.+N2call N1 N2
    詨  xiào MC: haewH OC: ɡreews 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNreflexivecall oneself by one's own nameCH
    名族  míng zú MC: mjieng dzuwk OC: meŋ sɡooɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NP{N1personal and clan nameDS
    尊稱  zūn chēng OC: tsuun thjɯŋ MC: tsuo̝n tɕhɨŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPname
    此之謂  cǐ zhī wèi MC: tshjeX tsyi hjw+jH OC: tsheʔ kljɯ ɢuds 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNmiddle voicethis may properly be called N; this is generally called N; this is/has been described as NCH
    喚作  huàn zuò OC: qhloons tsaaɡ MC: hʷɑn tsɑk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtt(oN1.)+N2call something N2
    自稱  zì chēng OC: sblids thjɯŋ MC: dzi tɕhɨŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactself-reference
    予  yǔ MC: yoX OC: laʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtt(oN1.) N2accord the title of, give the contextually determiate N1 the title N2CH
    呼  hū OC: qhaa MC: huo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcopulabe called (something), have the appellation N
    喚  huàn OC: qhloons MC: hʷɑn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcall (something by the name N)
    小名  xiǎo míng MC: sjewX mjieng OC: smewʔ meŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt+NN=Nprhave N as his/her child nameDS
    題  tí OC: ɡ-lee MC: dei 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNgive a title to, call by a name; classify as
    名號  míng hào OC: meŋ ɢluus MC: miɛŋ ɦɑu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPname (of any kind)
    號為  hào wéi OC: ɢluus ɢʷal MC: ɦɑu ɦiɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNpassivebe styled; be given the appellation N
    稱為  chēng wéi OC: thjɯŋ ɢʷal MC: tɕhɨŋ ɦiɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtt(oN1.)+N2call the contextually determinate N1 an N2
    謚號  shì hào OC: ɢljiɡs ɢluus MC: ʑi ɦɑu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPposthumous name