MEAN    叫言

IDEA insofar as SHOWN:expressed OR INTENDED.
SIGNIFICANCESIGNIFICANCESENSESIGNIFICATIONIMPORTGISTTHRUSTDRIFTIMPLICATIONTENORMESSAGEESSENCESUBSTANCEPURPORTINTENTION.SIGNIFYCONVEYDENOTEDESIGNATEINDICATECONNOTESHOWEXPRESSSPELL OUTSTAND FORREPRESENTSYMBOLIZEIMPLYSUGGESTINTIMATEHINT ATINSINUATEDRIVE ATREFER TOALLUDE TOPOINT TOLITERARY BETOKENMEAN
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for a person or an expression meaning something is yán 言. X 言 Y comes to mean "X means Y". 2. Yì 意 is the standard word for meaning as "what one has in mind". 3. Zhì 志 is commonly used to refer to an inteneded meaning as expressive of a mental orientation. 4. Yuē 曰 "be called", the equivalent of wèi zhī 謂之, is the converse of yán 言 : X 曰 Y comes to mean "for X one says Y", or "X is called Y". 5. Zhǐ 指 is used as technical term for intended objective meaning in philosophical contexts. 6. Zhǐ 旨 is a stylistically elevated term which refers nominally to the overall import of what is said or written. 7. Wèi 謂 refers to what a person or an expression is intended to refer to as an object or as the intended meaning, or to the semantic process itself. 8. Zhī wèi 之謂 "refers to, is intended to refer to" belongs not so much to linguistics or lexicography as to the hermeneutics concrete interpretation of a given text.
Modern Chinese Criteria
是。。。的意思 意義 義 意思 含義 涵義 意味 情味 寓意 味道 含意 命意 刺兒 骨頭 要點 要端 要義 要 旨 要領 大要 中心 中心思想 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • AMBIGUOUS　MEAN:signify MANY DIFFERENT MEANINGS.  (anc: 15/0, child: 0)
  • CONNOTATION　MEANING ADDED to the BASIC MEANING. (anc: 15/0, child: 0)
  • SIGNIFICANCE　MEANING IMPORTANT FOR LIFE. (anc: 15/0, child: 0)
  • ALLUSION　IMPLIED REFERENCE TO anOTHER MATTER PRESUPPOSED TO BE KNOWN by THE HUMANS ADDRESSED. (anc: 15/0, child: 0)
  • MEANING OF LIFE　 (anc: 15/0, child: 0)
See also
  • WORDSOUND IMAGE of a CONCEPT. (Leibniz, Couturat p. 432)
Hypernym
  • IDEA　WHAT one THINKS. (anc: 13/0, child: 3)
  • THINK　ACT USING ONLY the MIND. (anc: 12/0, child: 12)
  • ACT　MOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision. (anc: 11/0, child: 24)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 18.42

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 17.33

  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 1176

  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 1254

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    REFER

    nominare refers to calling somebody by his name which he already possesses.

    nuncupare refers to giving a name to an object that was hitherto without a name.

    appellare means to refer to someone by any name, title, or appellation belonging to him.

  • Semantica del Griego Antiguo ( HERNANDEZ 2000) p. 3.n5

  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. I.146

    BEDEUTUNG

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 4.703

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 1.758

    BEDEUTUNG

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 9.808

    SINN UND BEDEUTUNG

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 963

    義，意

    1. WL is right about the distinction between subjective yi4 意 and objective yi4 義, but the main opposition between "subjective meaning" and "intention" is not brought out properly.

  • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 475

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

    MEANING, NON-TRUTHCONDITIONAL MEANING

  • Quiddities. An Intermittently Philosophical Dictionary ( QUINE 1987) p. 103

  • Quiddities. An Intermittently Philosophical Dictionary ( QUINE 1987) p. 130.186.189

    • Words (26 items)

    謂  wèi OC: ɢuds MC: ɦɨi 47 Attributions

    Wèi 謂 refers to what a person or an expression is intended to refer to as an object or as the intended meaning, or to the semantic process itself.

      Syntactic words
    • nabsemantic
    • vt0oSit means that S; as it turned out, one can say...DS
    • vtoNab(of expressions) refer to V-ing
    • vtoNapply to, subject=expression(of a passage) apply to (but obviously not explicitly or implicitly refer to)CH
    • vtoNpsychologicalsemantic: (of persons) intend to say, mean to conveyCH
    • vtoNsubject=expression(of expressions) refer to; apply to; (of a person or a text) mean 
    • vtoSstative(of expressions) means that, refers to the fact that, refers to S
    • vtpostN1pro.postN1N1=objectderived: 此之謂也 apply (though not refer) to　[note that the 也 is very rarely omitted]
    • vtt[0]oN1.postN2pro:postN2X之謂Y　　one means N1 by N2
    • vtt[0]oV[0].postNpropassivethis means (< is called) VDS
    義  yì OC: ŋrals MC: ŋiɛ 27 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Oppos: 名/NAME The current general word for a name is míng 名 (ant. shí 實 "reality").

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}semanticmeanings
    • nabmathematical termCHEMLA 2003: formal rationale in the form of an underlying fundamental procedural pattern justifying a more specific procedureJZ 6.21, Liu Hui's comm: 此亦重今有之義 "This also has the meaning a reiterated procedure of supposing something to be the case."
    • nabmetaphysicalthe underlying meaning; BUDDH: (true) meaning (of a statement or proposition which does not necessarily conform to its surface semantics); note that 義 often translates skr. artha 'truth' in Buddhist translations
    • nabpost-Nthe underlying meaning of NLZ
    • nabpsychobjective main intended idea (of a person); objective main point ( also of a text)
    • nabsemanticunderlying meaning of a term; import of a text; message
    意  yì OC: qɯɡs MC: ʔɨ 24 Attributions

    Yì 意 is the standard word for meaning as "what one has in mind".

      Syntactic words
    • nabintended meaning; intended ideas
    • nabpsychsubjective intended meaning; intended purpose or overtone 本意 "basic intended subjective meaning" subjective mental orientation; what one has on one's mind
    言  yán OC: ŋan MC: ŋi̯ɐn 23 Attributions

    The current general word for a person or an expression meaning something is yán 言. X 言Y comes to mean "X means Y".

      Syntactic words
    • nabtextmeaning, (basic meaning?) (compare 所言)
    • vt+prep+Nrefer to
    • vt[0]oSthis means that S (with sentential object, and with the subject being understood to be a preceding expression in the text that is not repeated)
    • vtoN(of words or expressions) mean; refer to; (of behaviour) indicate, signify
    • vtoNderivedNOT refer to but only: apply to, be applicable toCH
    • vtoNPab{S}means that S
    宗旨  zōng zhǐ OC: tsuuŋ kjiʔ MC: tsuo̝ŋ tɕi 7 Attributions
    • Digital Dictionary of Buddhism ( MULLER) p.

      (1) The basic meaning, aim, motive or gist. (2) In the Cha2n school, the source of the Buddha-dharma. Original idea. The reference point of religious practice. (3) The main principle or teaching of a particular sect.

    • 佛教語大辭典 Bukkyōgo daijiten Encyclopedic Dictionary of Buddhist Terms ( NAKAMURA) p. 645d

      Syntactic words
    • NPabBUDDH: main doctrine; basic meaning; the main principle or doctrine of a particular sect (typically used in Chan Buddhist texts)
    為言  wéi yán OC: ɢʷal ŋan MC: ɦiɛ ŋi̯ɐn 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPab.post-Nthe essential meaning of N; the etymological meaning of N
    • NPab.post-Nsemanticthe basic technical meaning of X [This probably does not need a separate entry, but we leave it as a reminder that the expression has rather separate possibilities of meaning.]
    大意  dà yì OC: daads qɯɡs MC: dɑi ʔɨ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabsemanticoverall meaning; general import; overall significance
    也  yě MC: dzyoX OC: lalʔ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ppostadN{PRED}.postN{SUBJ}N{SUBJ}=autonymous卬我也“ang means 'I'.": lexicographic gloss; (the expression N{SUBJ}) is an/is to be taken to mean (something more or less like! N{PRED}CH
    • ppostadV{PRED}V=autonymous克能也“克means something along the lines of ‘can'（in this context)": lexicographic gloss: (The expression) means "to V" or "suggests that V" here/in this contextCH
    指  zhǐ OC: kjiʔ MC: tɕi 5 Attributions

    Zhǐ 指 is used as technical term for intended objective meaning in philosophical contexts.

      Word relations
    • Result: 言/SPEAK Yán 言 is to speak up, propose, typically in public, and on one's own initiative, to maintain something, and the word can indroduce direct speech as well as occasionally very limited indirect speech.

      Syntactic words
    • nabsemantic aspectCH
    • nabsemanticconceptual meaning; thing referred to; conspectual aspect; concept
    • vtoNfigurativepoint to, indicate; point out; mean
    理  lǐ MC: liX OC: ɡ-rɯʔ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab(post-N)semanticthe thought-through meaning intended by the contextually determinate NCH
    名實  míng shí MC: mjieng zyit OC: meŋ ɢljiɡ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabsemantics; the relation between words and realitiesCH
    志  zhì OC: kljɯs MC: tɕɨ 2 Attributions

    Zhì 志 is commonly used to refer to an inteneded meaning as expressive of a mental orientation.

      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychintended meaning
    是  shì OC: ɡljeʔ MC: dʑiɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt+Nmean
    物  wù OC: mɯd MC: mi̯ut 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabsemanticcontent; distinct substantial meaning; concrete reference 言之有物
    要意  yào yì MC: 'jiew 'iH  OC: qews qɯɡs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmain meaningCH
    心行  xīn xíng OC: slɯm ɢraaŋ MC: sim ɦɣaŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistBUDDH. the mind's function realm > COLL. meaning, intention
    要義  yào yì OC: qews ŋrals MC: ʔiɛu ŋiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabsemanticmain meanings involved(contrast 旨); main ideas
    名義  míng yì OC: meŋ ŋrals MC: miɛŋ ŋiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabsemanticdesignation and meaning> semantics
    誼  yì OC: ŋɡrals MC: ŋiɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychmeaning DC: 3.同" 義 "。意義；字義或文義。《漢書·儒林傳·嚴彭祖》：" 孟 弟子百餘人，唯 彭祖 、 安樂 為明，質問疑誼，各持所見。"
    調  diào OC: dɯɯws MC: deu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactthe import of what one is saying, the drift of one's argument
    是也  shì yě OC: ɡljeʔ lalʔ MC: dʑiɛ jɣɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPimeans this
    惟  wéi OC: k-lul MC: ji 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcopulasignify (that V)
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtpostNpro{OBJ}as in 此之謂　NOT refer to but only: apply to, be applicable to CH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab(post-N)the basic meaning of the contextually determinate NCH
    斥  chì OC: khljaɡ MC: tɕhiɛk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpoint to, indicate (GU)　??
    曰  yuē OC: ɢʷad MC: ɦi̯ɐt 0 Attributions

    Yuē 曰 "be called", the equivalent of wèi zhī 謂之, is the converse of yán 言: X 曰Y comes to mean "for X one says Y", or "X is called Y".

      Syntactic words
    • vt+Smean