Taxonomy of meanings for 納:
- 納 nà (OC: nuub MC: nəp) 奴答切 入 廣韻：【内也又姓出何氏姓苑奴荅切八 】
- ENTER
- vtoNpermissiveread nà: allow to enter, let in
- vtoNcausativebe caused/allowed to enter
- vtt(oN1.)+prep+N2causativecause to enter into> conduct into;
- vttoN1.+N2causativecause N1 to enter into N2 > conduct N1 into N2TW
- INTRODUCE
- INSIDE
- vtoNcausativecause to be inside> keep inside (and not let someone go)
- n(post-N)the inside of the contextually determinate NCH
- npost-.N ZHIinside of NCH
- nadVinternally; on the insideTWH
- npost-Nindefiniteall within NVK
- vt(oN)philosophicalbe internal to the mind ; be endogenic (and not an external matter/exogenic)CH
- n(post-N1.)[adN2]something outside the contextually determinate N1CH
- CONTAIN
- vtoNcontain
- WEAR
- vtoNput on (sandals, socks etc)CH
- ACCEPT
- vtoNaccept
- vtoNbe open to receive, acceptCH
- vtoNab{S}accept, that SDS
- RECEIVE
- vt(oN)accept the contextually determinate N
- vtoNreceive and give shelter to, allow in; attract
- vtoNpassivebe accepted (e.g. by a ruler)
- MARRY
- FRIEND
- INSTALL
- vt(oN)install a contextually determinate person as ruler from outside the capital
- vtoNinstall as ruler from outside the capital, install a minister
- vtoNpassivebe installed in a high position
- vttoN1.+prep+N2(re)install N1 in N2
- BRIBE
- nabactbribery, the receiving of bribes
- CONFISCATE
- vtoNconfiscate by official decree
- HAND UP
- vttoN1(.+prep+N2)submit; hand in; offer up, hand up (bribes etc)
- vttoN1.+prep+N2hand in (something N1) to (a beneficiary N2) 納x於y
- ASSENT
- vtoNactreceive with approval; accept (views)
- BREATHE
- vtoNbreathe in
- BUDDHIST GARMENT
- RETURN
- STOP
- CONTROL
- SOW
-
BOW DOWN
-
REPAIR
-
SHOUT
-
REINS
-
SURNAMES
-
SUFFIX
- PREFIX (nano-)
- ENTER
Additional information about 納
說文解字: 【納】，絲 溼 納納也。从糸、力聲。 【奴益切】
- Criteria
- HAND UP
1. The current general word for handing something up to superiors is xiàn 獻 (ant. cì 賜 "present to inferior").
2. Jìn 進 is a very common bureaucratic word for submitting something to a superior.
3. Fèng 奉 is a rather dramatic word depicting a person handing something up with both hands (possibly with the intention of making a formal gift of it, xiàn 獻.
4. Nà 納 is a cold strictly bureaucratic term referring to the handing some upwards in the hierarchy.
5. Gòng 貢 refers to the formal and ritual handing up or pledging of something to high authorities (typically tribute) in the course of one's ritual or political duties (the two being not held apart in ancient Chinese society). This tribute may even consist of lands or populations.
6. Bǐng 稟 refers to handing up something to high authority (typically reports) with a show of extreme but customary deferential politeness.
7. Xiào 效 typically refers to the offering up of abstract things such as effort on behalf of high authority.
8. Zòu 奏 refers to the formal submission of a text to the highest authorities, and typically to the emperor.
9. Shàng 上 is a neutral word referring to the submission of anything to someone higher up in the official hierarchy.
10. Gōng 供／共 refers to the provision of what is necessary to the higher authorities.
11. Nà 納 is to hand in formally to the authorities.
- ENTER
1. The standard dominant word is rù 入 (ant. chū 出 "go out") which refers to any kind of concrete or abstract entering of a thing into another.
2. Nà 納 / 內 is causative and refers to letting enter or causing to enter.
3. Zhù 注 refers to causing liquids to enter a a container. [See also POUR]
4. Guàn 灌 refers to causing water to enter a location (prototypically for irrigation). [See POUR.]
NB: Jìn 進 "to enter" occurs only from JIN DYNASTY times onwards, as far as I have been able to see.
- ACCEPT
[ASCENDING/DESCENDING[
[ELEVATED/INFORMAL]
[GENERAL/SPECIFIC]
[IMPOLITE/POLITE]
1. The general word for accepting something offered to one is shòu 受, but the distinction with the passive "receive" is not made explicit.
[GENERAL]
2. Fe4ng 奉 is literally to accept something with both arms, enthusiastically, formally.
3. Sho1u 收 refers to accepting and keeping something.
4. Na4 納 refers neutrally to not refusing what one is offered.
5. Bài 拜 is sometimes used by itself to signify very polite acceptance of an offer.
[ASCENDING], [POLITE], [ELEVATED], [SPECIFIC]
- RECEIVE
1. The current general word is shòu 受 (ant. jù 拒 "refuse to accept"; ant.* yǔ 與 "give"), which can refer to any concrete or abstract form of receiving or being exposed to.
2. Chéng 承 (ant.* zèng 贈 "present formally") refers to the polite act of receiving something as a gift.
3. Fèng 奉 and bǐng 稟 (ant.* cì 賜 "present formally to inferiors") refers to the polite act of receiving any concrete or abstract thing (including orders and the like) from a superior.
4. Měng 蒙 is to be on the receiving end of a process, and the word hardly ever takes concrete objects.
5. Nà 納 focusses concretely on the receiving something from the outside into some inside.
6. Shōu 收 refers specifically to receiving what is due to one.
- BRIBE
1. Lù 賂 standardly refers to substantial active bribery of any kind, including the offer of singing girls, music masters, and quite frequently territory as well as imortant ritual objects like tripods and bells, but also in this case the word is used for presents one cannot plausibly construe as straightforward bribes. See GIFT and GIVE.
2. Huì 賄 refers to customary gifts on formal occasions which are often hard to distinguish from bribes, and characteristically the word regularly refers to passive bribery. See also PROPERTY and GIFT. Commentators wish us to believe that the word refers specifically to "bribe with gifts of silk", but there is no clear early evidence of this.
3. Huò 貨 refers to any illegal act of making gifts to encourage unlawful actions, and also to the bribes themselves.
4. Nà 納／內 is the technical term for the receiving of bribes, i.e. passive corruption.
5. The word qiú 賕, which became current in Han times, refers to active as well as passive corruption.
6. Zāng 藏 / 臧 and huò lù 貨賂 occasionally refer to bribes received.
- Word relations