RETURN  回歸

TRAVEL to a PLACE FROM which one COMES.
GO BACKCOME BACKCOME HOME
Hypernym
  • TRAVELDISPLACE ONESELF, TYPICALLY a BIG DISTANCE, AND IN a VEHICLE OR RIDING AN ANIMAL.
    • DISPLACECAUSE to MOVE.
      • MOVECHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION.
        • CHANGEEVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2....
See also
  • RALLYCOME to in order to FOLLOW AND COLLABORATE WITH. 
    • TURN BACKWALK IN OPPOSITE DIRECTION one was WALKING, TYPICALLY INTENDing to RETURN. 
      Old Chinese Criteria
      1. The standard general word for returning to where one belongs is guī1 歸 (zhī 之 "go to").

      2. Fǎn 反 / 返 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") is to get back to where one came from, and the focus is on whereto one returns. 及反 is "when he had got back", 未反 is "before he had god back". 反哭 is wailing upon one's return, not while returning.

      3. Huán 還 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") typically refers to turning round and preparing to retrace one's steps or one's route, very often after a military or civil engagement, successful or unseccessful, and the focus is on wherefrom one returns. 還 as a subordinate sentence is "when he was on his way back". See TURN ROUND

      4. Fù 復 (ant. lí 離 "quit") is sometimes used for returning to or regaining a position.

      Modern Chinese Criteria
      返回

      歸來

      回來

      回去

      返

      歸

      回

      返鄉

      還鄉

      回鄉

      返里

      旋里

      告歸

      葉落歸根

      回歸故土

      榮歸

      衣錦榮歸

      衣錦還鄉

      榮歸故里

      回家

      還家

      歸家

      回府

      打道回府

      rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

      • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

        RETURN

        reverti refers to a temporary or momentary inchoative act of turning back to where one came from.

        revenire refers to a temporary or momentary resultative act of returning to where one belongs.

        redire refers to a more lasting action with an intended more or less permanent result which lies between turning back and the effective return.

      • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 86

      • 東漢﹣隨常用詞演變研究 ( WANG WEIHUI 2000) p. 268

      • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1424

        還，返

        1. WL explains that hua2n 　“還”重在表示沿著去路回來；　“返”側重轉身往回來。In fact the situation is quite the opposite. Hua2n 還 is mostly inchoative and often refers to the ongoing process, and the refers to the action of turning back so as to return, and only in a minority of cases is the word used generally to refer to the completed action of returning. Fa3n 返, on the other hand, is clearly perfective and refers to getting back to where one came from.

      • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 118

      • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.355.320

        REVENIR.RETOURNER

      Words

      返  fǎn OC: panʔ MC: pi̯ɐn
      反  fǎn OC: panʔ MC: pi̯ɐn 145 AttributionsWD

      Fǎn 反/返 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") is to get back to where one came from, and the focus is on whereto one returns. 及反 is "when he had got back", 未反 is "before he had god back". 反哭 is wailing upon one's return, not while returning.

        Word relations
      • Ant: 往/LEAVE Wǎng 往 (ant.* jū 居 "stay at home") focusses not only on the leaving but especially on the direction a person takes after leaving.
      • Object: 國/STATE The dominant word is guó 國, and the word naturally focusses on the capital which defines the identity of the state, but from Warring States times the word does refer to the whole of the territory, as the term guó xiāo 國削 "the state was truncated" shows.
      • Object: 本/BASIS The basic word is běn 本 "the trunk, the main part" (ant. mò 末 "marginal part") and this word refers to the crucial constituent of something in any sense. [GENERAL], [STATIC]; [[COMMON]]
      • Assoc: 還/RETURN Huán 還 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") typically refers to turning round and preparing to retrace one's steps or one's route, very often after a military or civil engagement, successful or unseccessful, and the focus is on wherefrom one returns. 還 as a subordinate sentence is "when he was on his way back". See TURN ROUND
      • Synon: 歸/RETURN The standard general world for returning to where one belongs is guī1 歸(zhī 之 "go to") .

        Syntactic words
      • nabactreturn
      • viactturn backCH
      • vt(oN)return to the determinate place
      • vt+prep+Nfromget back from (the journey to)
      • vt+prep+NN=placereturn (somewhere or to somebody)
      • vt[oN]return homeCH
      • vt[oN]actreturn, get back to where one came from; make one's return; flee back
      • vt[oN]actbe on one's way back
      • vtoNcausativemake (oneself) return
      • vtoNfigurativerevert to
      • vtoNfigurativeto get back to (a topic in speech etc)CH
      • vtoNfromreturn from
      • vtoNiussiveorder to return; permissive: allow to return; release ( of captatives); send back
      • vtoNN=placereturn to 反國
      • vttoN1.+N2figurativecausative: apply N1 back to N2CH
      歸  guī OC: klul MC: kɨi 78 AttributionsWD

      The standard general world for returning to where one belongs is guī1 歸(zhī 之 "go to") .

        Word relations
      • Contrast: 走/FLEE The current general word for illicit disappearance from where one has some obligation to remain is zǒu 走.
      • Assoc: 復/RETURN Fù 復 (ant. lí 離 "quit") is sometimes used for returning to or regaining a position.
      • Assoc: 還/RETURN Huán 還 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") typically refers to turning round and preparing to retrace one's steps or one's route, very often after a military or civil engagement, successful or unseccessful, and the focus is on wherefrom one returns. 還 as a subordinate sentence is "when he was on his way back". See TURN ROUND
      • Synon: 返 / 反/RETURN Fǎn 反/返 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") is to get back to where one came from, and the focus is on whereto one returns. 及反 is "when he had got back", 未反 is "before he had god back". 反哭 is wailing upon one's return, not while returning.

        Syntactic words
      • vt prep Nfigurativecome to end up where something properly belongsCH
      • nabactthe return 大歸
      • vt+prep+Nreturn to 歸于 (where the subject belongs)
      • vt[oN]return to where one belongs or will belong, return home; be on one's way home
      • vt[oN]imperativeReturn! Go home! go where you belong!
      • vtoNreturn to (where one really belongs etc.)
      • vtoN.-V[0]return to N in order to V
      • vtoNallowallow to return
      • vtoNbuddhistBUDDH: return to > take refuge in, entrust oneself to; also negatively: return/fall back to (the cycle of life and death)
      • vtoNcausativeget to return, cause to return, send back, send where it belongs; send back home; take back home
      • vtoNfigurativerevert to
      • vtoNimperativereturn to N!
      • vtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
      • vtoNN=abstractreturn to (an abstract location)
      • vtoNobject=fromreturn fromCH
      • vttoN1.+N2causativecause (something N1) to revert to (something abstract N2)
      • vttoN1.+prep+N2causativecause N1 to return to N2
      還  huán OC: ɡʷraan MC: ɦɣan 72 AttributionsWD

      Huán 還 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") typically refers to turning round and preparing to retrace one's steps or one's route, very often after a military or civil engagement, successful or unseccessful, and the focus is on wherefrom one returns. 還 as a subordinate sentence is "when he was on his way back". See TURN ROUND

        Word relations
      • Ant: 往 / 往迋/GO TO Wǎng 往 (ant. jū 居 "remain at home") refers to setting out for a destination by any means of transport or by foot, and the destination is not very often made explicit by an ordinary noun as object. Moreover wǎng 往 does not necessarily imply going somewhere by the most direct route.
      • Assoc: 復/RETURN Fù 復 (ant. lí 離 "quit") is sometimes used for returning to or regaining a position.
      • Assoc: 返 / 反/RETURN Fǎn 反/返 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") is to get back to where one came from, and the focus is on whereto one returns. 及反 is "when he had got back", 未反 is "before he had god back". 反哭 is wailing upon one's return, not while returning.
      • Assoc: 復/RETURN Fù 復 (ant. lí 離 "quit") is sometimes used for returning to or regaining a position.
      • Assoc: 歸/RETURN The standard general world for returning to where one belongs is guī1 歸(zhī 之 "go to") .

        Syntactic words
      • vadV
      • viactturn round; be on one's way back; having turned back (and being thus on one's way back)
      • vt+prep+Nfromreturn from, be on one's way back from
      • vt[oN]get back, return home
      • vt[oN]figurativereturn (to the right ways)
      • vtoNturn round in the direction of (the mud etc);BUDDH: return to
      • vtoNcausativeorder to return, lead to draw back and return, lead into a withdrawal, send back
      • vtoNfigurativereturn to (an abstract place); revert to
      • vtoNperfectivereturn to the place N (in pre-Han this meaning seems to be quite rare and is expressed by 反 "go back",　or 歸 "return where you belong"
      復  fù OC: buɡ MC: buk 25 AttributionsWD

      Fù 復 (ant. lí 離 "quit") is sometimes used for returning to or regaining a position.

        Word relations
      • Assoc: 回/RETURN
      • Assoc: 還/RETURN Huán 還 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") typically refers to turning round and preparing to retrace one's steps or one's route, very often after a military or civil engagement, successful or unseccessful, and the focus is on wherefrom one returns. 還 as a subordinate sentence is "when he was on his way back". See TURN ROUND
      • Assoc: 歸/RETURN The standard general world for returning to where one belongs is guī1 歸(zhī 之 "go to") .
      • Assoc: 還/RETURN Huán 還 (ant. wǎng 往 "set out for") typically refers to turning round and preparing to retrace one's steps or one's route, very often after a military or civil engagement, successful or unseccessful, and the focus is on wherefrom one returns. 還 as a subordinate sentence is "when he was on his way back". See TURN ROUND

        Syntactic words
      • vt[oN]return where one comes from/belongs
      • vtoNreturn to
      • vtoN.adVreturn to N so as to VCH
      • vtoNcausativecause to return, restore
      • vtoNfigurativerevert to, go back to (a practice etc)
      還反  huán fǎn OC: ɡʷraan panʔ MC: ɦɣan pi̯ɐn 12 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiresultativereturn home
      • VPt+prep+Nfigurativereturn to, revert to
      • VPtoNfigurativereturn to
      還歸  huán guī OC: ɡʷraan klul MC: ɦɣan kɨi 12 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt(oN)resultativereturn to the contextually determinate place
      • VPtoNfigurativerevert to
      • VPtoNresultativereturn home
      來  lái OC: m-rɯɯ MC: ləi 8 AttributionsWD

        Word relations
      • Ant: 去/LEAVE The general word for leaving one place for another is qù 去 (ant. liú 留"remain").

        Syntactic words
      • viactreturn (from a mission); return to a place
      • vt+V[0]OBI: return from V-ing
      • vt[oN]N=placecome (again); return to this placeDS
      • vtoNreturn to
      平復  píng fù OC: breŋ buɡs MC: bɣaŋ bɨu 6 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNfigurativebe restored to its original shape
      歸來  guī lái OC: klul m-rɯɯ MC: kɨi ləi 6 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPireturn home
      • VPi[0]imperativecome back!
      還復  huán fù OC: ɡʷraan buɡ MC: ɦɣan buk 5 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt+prep+Nfigurativereturn
      • VPtoNfigurativereturn to an original state
      • VPtoNresultativereturn
      歸家  guī jiā OC: klul kraa MC: kɨi kɣɛ 4 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactreturn home
      還至  huán zhì OC: ɡʷraan kljiɡs MC: ɦɣan tɕi 4 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativereturn to
      入  rù OC: njub MC: ȵip 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vt[oN]reenter the state
      迴  huí OC: ɢuul MC: ɦuo̝i 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • viactcome back, return
      卻歸  què guī OC: khaɡ klul MC: khi̯ɐk kɨi 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt(oN)omreturn to (a contextually determinate N)
      • VPtoNreturn to
      反國  fǎn guó OC: panʔ kʷɯɯɡ MC: pi̯ɐn kək 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPireturn to one's home state; be on one's way to one's home state
      還家  huán jiā OC: ɡʷraan kraa MC: ɦɣan kɣɛ 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactreturn home; go on one's way home
      卻來  què lái OC: khaɡ m-rɯɯ MC: khi̯ɐk ləi 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactreturn; come back
      • VPtoNreturn to; come back to
      卻回  què huí OC: khaɡ ɢuul MC: khi̯ɐk ɦuo̝i 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactreturn; turn back
      • VPtoNreturn to
      反歸  fǎn guī OC: panʔ klul MC: pi̯ɐn kɨi 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactreturn home; return to base
      復歸  fù guī OC: buɡ klul MC: buk kɨi 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt+prep+Nreturn to
      迴去  huí qù OC: ɢuul khas MC: ɦuo̝i khi̯ɤ 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt(oN)omreturn (to a contextually defined place)
      還來  huán lái OC: ɡʷraan m-rɯɯ MC: ɦɣan ləi 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativereturn to
      顧反  gù fǎn OC: klaas panʔ MC: kuo̝ pi̯ɐn 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactreturn
      削迹  xiāo jì, jī MC: sjak tsjeH OC: smewɡ sklaɡCH 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • viactturn back straight the exact way one has comeCH
      卻  què OC: khaɡ MC: khi̯ɐk 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vt+V[0]resume the activity of V, go back to V (closely related to the adversative meaning of 卻 and maybe difficult to distinguish from its function as adverb 'still, nevertheless'; however the meaning 'return' surfaces in compounds such as 卻歸)
      回  huí OC: ɢuul MC: ɦuo̝i 1 AttributionWD

        Word relations
      • Assoc: 復/RETURN Fù 復 (ant. lí 離 "quit") is sometimes used for returning to or regaining a position.

        Syntactic words
      • vt[oN]figurativeturn back
      • vtoNreturn to
      顧  gù OC: klaas MC: kuo̝ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • viactreturn
      來還  lái huán OC: m-rɯɯ ɡʷraan MC: ləi ɦɣan 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPicome back, return
      卻復  què fù OC: khaɡ buɡs MC: khi̯ɐk bɨu 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNfigurativereturn to > revert to, resume
      回詣  huí yì OC: ɢuul ŋɡiis MC: ɦuo̝i ŋei 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNreturn to
      復來  fù lái OC: buɡ m-rɯɯ MC: buk ləi 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPireturn
      歸到  guī dào OC: klul k-laaws MC: kɨi tɑu 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativereturn to
      歸至  guī zhì OC: klul kljiɡs MC: kɨi tɕi 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativereturn so as to arrive
      歸還  guī huán OC: klul ɡʷraan MC: kɨi ɦɣan 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactreturn
      行歸  xíng guī OC: ɢraaŋ klul MC: ɦɣaŋ kɨi 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt+prep+Nresultativereturn to
      行還  xíng huán OC: ɢraaŋ ɡʷraan MC: ɦɣaŋ ɦɣan 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiresultativereturn from one's travel
      走歸  zǒu guī OC: tsooʔ klul MC: tsu kɨi 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiresultativerun off home
      輪迴  lún huí OC: ɡ-run ɢuul MC: lʷin ɦuo̝i 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNfigurativereturn to, revert to; BUDDH: transmigrate in
      轉來  zhuǎn lái OC: tonʔ m-rɯɯ MC: ʈiɛn ləi 1 AttributionWD
      • () p. 5861a

        This is a late word

        Syntactic words
      • viactto go back, to return
      迴還  huí huán OC: ɢuul ɡʷraan MC: ɦuo̝i ɦɣan 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt(oN)return to a contextually determinate place N
      還入  huán rù OC: ɡʷraan njub MC: ɦɣan ȵip 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativeturn round so as to enter: return into
      還到  huán dào OC: ɡʷraan k-laaws MC: ɦɣan tɑu 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativereturn to
      還複  huán fù OC: ɡʷraan buɡs MC: ɦɣan bɨu 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNfigurativerevert to (an original shape etc)
      還返  huán fǎn OC: ɡʷraan panʔ MC: ɦɣan pi̯ɐn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPt+prep+Nresultativereturn to
      罷歸  bà guī MC: beaX kjw+j OC: breelʔ klulCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNreturn toCH
      復路  fù lù MC: bjuwk luH OC: buɡ ɡ-raaɡsCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiturn to the road backCH
      溯  sù OC: sqlaaɡs MC: suo̝ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • viactgo upstream, go upstream again, turn round on water
      還向  huán xiàng OC: ɡʷraan qhaŋs MC: ɦɣan hi̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativeturn back in the direction of

      Existing SW for

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