Taxonomy of meanings for 興:　　

  • xīng (OC: qhɯŋ MC: hɨŋ) 虚陵切 平 廣韻：【盛也舉也善也説文曰起也从舁从同同力也亦州名戰國時爲白馬玄之地漢置武都郡魏立東益州梁爲興州因武興山而名虚陵切又許應切三 】
  • RISE
    • viactrise up, rise to one's feet
    • vtoNcausativecause to surge, cause to riseCH
    • specific> WAKE UP
      • vichangeget up, rise; get active
    • figurative> ARISE
      • viprocessarise; emerge
      • vtoNcausativecause to arise
      • frequentative> CURRENT
        • causative> STIMULATE
            • causative> MOBILISE
              • vadNmobilised (army)
              • vtoNmobilise (an army); raise (an army for a campaign)
              • vtoNpassivebe mobilised by; be aroused into activity by; be inspired by
              • vtoNmiddle voiceget mobilised
          • perfective: successfully> FLOURISH
            • nabprocessflourishing
            • viflourish
            • vichangecome to develop strongly (again); get to flourish (again); rise to power
            • vichangefeel stimulated, come to flourish psychologically
            • vt+prep+Nflourish in; come to develop strongly in; develop positively in
            • vtoNcausativecause to develop postitively, promote; cause to flourish; bring to fruition
            • vtoNcausative, passivebe made to flourish
            • viinchoativecome to impose itself/oneself in all one's splendourCH
            • causative> SUPPORT
              • generalised> ACT
                  • causative> BUILD
                    • vtoNbuild; have built
                    • fig> ESTABLISH
                      • vt+V[0]inchoativeestablish a practice of doing something
                      • vtoNcausativecause to rise, establish (an institution or a practice); carry out to full completion; cause to rise in status (a person)
                      • nabeventthe successful establishment of someone in office
                      • innovative> CREATE
                        • vtoNbring about, make ariseCH
          • xìng (OC: qhɯŋs MC: hɨŋ) 許應切 去 廣韻：【許應切又許陵切三 】
            • xìng derivation by tone change, object action> EAGER
                • object things> LIKE

                Additional information about 興

                說文解字:

                  Criteria
                • FLOURISH

                  1. The current general word for flourishing or thriving of any kind, abstract or concrete is shèng 盛 (ant. shuāi 衰 "decline").

                  2. Chāng 昌 and xīng 興 (all ant. wáng 亡 "be ruined"), and lóng 隆 (ant. tì 替 "decline") refer primarily to the flourishing of political institutions and the like.

                  3. Xí 息, zhí 殖, and fān 蕃 refer specifically to the flourishing of flora and fauna.

                  4. The literal word for luxuriant growth of plants is mào 茂 (ant. diāo 凋 "dried up").

                  5. Róng 榮 (ant. kū 枯 "dried up") refers especially to splendid luxuriance of growth as an admirable sight.

                  6. Fēng 豐 (ant.* wěi 萎 "dried up and thin on the ground") refers to rich thick growth, often as an asset.

                  7. Fān 蕃 and yù 鬱 (mostly reduplicated yù yù 鬱鬱 ) refer to ample thick growth.

                  8. Fú shū 扶疏 is a poetic word referring to luxurious growth of plants.

                  NB: There is a remarkable abundance of terminology in this semantic field, and in many cases the distinctions are less than clear.

                • ARISE

                  [GENERAL/SPECIFIC]

                  [HIGH-DEGREE/LOW-DEGREE]

                  [INCHOACTIVE/PERFECTIVE]

                  1. The most current general word for something arising is probably qǐ 起 (ant. zhǐ 止 "cease to exist").

                  [GENERAL]

                  2. Méng 萌 is inchoative and refers to the initial stage of arising.

                  [INCHOATIVE]

                  3. Shēng 生 (ant. miè 滅 "be extinguished (as dinosaurs)") refers to the coming into existence of something which did not previously exist.

                  [PERFECTIVE]

                  4. Xīng 興 (ant. xí 息 "cease to be virulent") and fā 發 refer to something moving from an "incubatory" state to a state of manifest "virulence" and full development.

                  [HIGH-DEGREE], [PERFECTIVE]

                  5. Chū 出 (NB: rù 入 cannot be used as an antonym for this meaning.) refers to something that pre-exists emerging or moving from an initial state of hiddenness or non-obviousness to a state of manifest visibility (in analogy with the basic meaning of the word "to come out").

                  [SPECIFIC]

                  6. Zuò 作 (ant.* xiē 歇 "cease to exist, cease to be active, cease to happen") typically refers to something happening or arising for the first time, but the word can also refer to the emergence of persons like sages.

                  [ORIGINAL], [SPECIFIC]

                  NB: This group needs to be viewed together with BEGIN, and the line between the two is by no means always clear.

                • HOTEL

                  1. The current literary word for a hotel is nì lu# 逆旅.

                  2. Kè shè 客舍 is a colloquial word for a hotel open to the general public.

                  NB the very popular 王仁興，中國旅館史話， 1984

                • WAKE UP

                  1. The current general word for waking up is wù 寤 (ant. mèi 寐 "fall fast asleep").

                  2. Jué 覺 (ant. meng 夢 "be deep asleep") refers to waking up, often after a dream.

                  3. Xīng 興 (ant. wò 臥 "sleep") refer to rising in the morning.

                  NB: Xǐng 醒 "wake up" is post-Han (TANG). In pre-Han times the word means "sober up".

                • MOBILISE

                  1. The current general term for raising an army was qǐ 起. The army may be of any size, and the person raising the army may or may not be raising the army in an official capacity.

                  2. Sōu 蒐 is current in CHUNQIU and ZUO and refers to a military review combined with a raising of an army.

                  3. Xīng 興 refers to a large scale mobilisation of an armed force which may or may not be used in military action.

                  4. Jǔ 舉 always refers to an administrative official act of raising an army of some size and/or deploying this force.

                  5. Fā 發 refers to a political act of deploying a military force that is all ready to be deployed.

                  Word relations
                • Ant: (WAKE UP)臥 / 臥卧/SLEEP Wò 臥 (ant. qǐ 起 "get up") is often used as a very general term referring to any form of sleep or rest whatsoever, but specifically the word does also refer to taking a brief nap, typically leaning on a low table.
                • Ant: (FLOURISH)廢/DECLINE
                • Ant: (MOBILISE)按/CONTROL
                • Ant: (FLOURISH)替/REPLACE
                • Ant: (FLOURISH)亡/DESTROY Wáng 亡 (ant. fù 復 "reestablish") refers to the political/social ruin of a state and does not focus on any form of physical annihilation or damage.
                • Ant: (WAKE UP)寐/SLEEP Mèi 寐 (ant. jué 覺 "wake up") is to fall fast asleep.
                • Ant: (FLOURISH)乾/DRY Gān 乾 (ant. shī 濕 "wet") focusses on the striking and complete absence of liquid.
                • Ant: (ESTABLISH)除/REMOVE Chú 除 refers specifically to getting rid of something undesirable.
                • Contrast: (MOBILISE)動/STIMULATE Dòng 動 refers to bringing about action or movement in someone or something.
                • Contrast: (FLOURISH)昌/FLOURISH Chāng 昌 and xīng 興 (all ant. wáng 亡 "be ruined"), and lóng 隆 (ant. tì 替 "decline") refer primarily to the flourishing of political institutions and the like.