PERSON  人物身

HUMAN as an ABSTRACT THING which FEELS, THINKS AND DECIDES, AND HAS RIGHTS AND DUTIES.
HUMAN BEINGINDIVIDUALMAN/WOMANCHILDHUMANBEING(LIVING) SOULMORTALCREATUREPERSONAGECHARACTERCUSTOMERINFORMAL TYPESORTCOOKIEINFORMAL DATED BODYDOGARCHAIC WIGHTPERSONALITY
Hypernym
  • HUMANANIMAL which HAS TWO LEGS AND LACKS FEATHERS.
  • BODYSHAPE of an ANIMAL OR HUMAN OR of THINGS.
    See also
    • PERSONALLYACTING ONESELF.
      • SOULMIND:mental/psychological ORGAN OF THE HUMAN.
        • MINDABSTRACT ORGAN of DESIRING, THINKING, FEELing AND KNOWING in HUMANS OR ANIMALS.
          Hyponym
          • HERO　ADMIRED PERSON of INTENSELY EXCELLENT TALENT AND EXCELLENT REPUTATION EVERYWHERE.
            • GENIUS　HERO of EXTREME PHILOSOPHICAL OR LITERARY CREATIVE TALENT
          • SELF　PERSON that is NOT OTHER.
          • INDIVIDUAL　HUMAN who is NATURALLY INDEPENDENT.
            • INCARNATION　BORN AGAIN PERSON.
              Old Chinese Criteria
              1. Shēn 身 regularly refers to the embodied person, as something to be cultivated and corrected, and as something to be morally careful about, but the word is originally widely used to refer to the physical body as such, and this usage continues throughout pre-Buddhist times being at times hard to distinguish from the figurative use discussed in this group. Moreover, the word is very often reflexive.

              2. Qū 軀 is a rare poetic word that can be used to refer to one's embodied person.

              3. Jǐ 己 can occasionally refer to one's own person rather than simply to oneself, but the distinction is not marked and should perhaps be disregarded lexically as being imposed by context only.

              For the concept of personality, see CHARACTER, and particularly the concept of 為人 "constitutive features of someone's character".

              NB: The notion of the personality as something inner and disembodied, only inhabiting a physical as something outward, is alien to ancient Chinese thought. See, however, SOUL, where a number of mentalistic terms are in strict opposition to the physical body. The Chinese words for the person are not in this group.

              Modern Chinese Criteria
              人

              士

              人物

              人士

              人氏

              rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

              • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 23

                PROSOPON PERSONA: DU THEATRE A LA GRAMMAIRE

              • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 917

              • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 2A

              • Geschichtliche Grundbegriffe ( KOSELLECK 1972-97) p. 7.649f

              • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. II.527

                This is one's of Mauthner's masterpieces within the field of the dramatisation of conceptual history.

              • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 7.269

                PERSON

              • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 7.345

                PERSOENLICHKEIT

              • Historisches Woerterbuch der Rhetorik ( UEDING 1992ff) p. 6.789

              • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

              • Encyclopedia of Social and Cultural Anthropology ( BARNARD AND SPENCER 2002) p.

              • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1..305.268

                PERSONNE.GENS

              • New Dictiornary of the History of Ideas, 6 vols. ( HOROWITZ 2005) p.

                PERSONHOOD (AFRICAN NOTIONS)

                PERSONHOOD

              • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 2A

                PERSOENLICHKEIT

              Words

              身  shēn OC: qhjin MC: ɕin 277 AttributionsWD

              Shēn 身 regularly refers to the embodied person, as something to be cultivated, and as something to be morally careful about, but the word is originally widely used to refer to the physical body as such being at times hard to distinguish from the figurative use discussed in this group. The word is very often reflexive.

                Word relations
              • Object: 修 / 脩/CULTIVATE The current general term for cultivating something or refining it is xiū 修 (from Han times onwards sometimes also miswritten as xiū 脩, ant.* màn 慢 "neglect the cultivation of").
              • Object: 全/SAFEGUARD Quán 全 refers specifically to keeping a thing in perfect undiminished shape.
              • Object: 治/GOVERN The general word for governing, administering or ordering things is zhì 治, old reading chí.
              • Contrast: 形/BODY The general word for the body versus the heart and soul is xíng 形(ant. xīn 心).
              • Contrast: 心/MIND The general word for the mental sphere of man is xīn 心 "HEART> mind" (ant. xíng 形 "physical shape, body", tǐ 體 "limbs, body").
              • Contrast: 志/ASPIRATION The general term for an aspiration is zhì 志 and verbally zhì yú 志於 "aspire to", and this term always refers to life-long highest aim. [GENERAL]; [[COMMON]]
              • Contrast: 生/LIVE The current standard word for being alive is shēng 生 (ant. sǐ 死 "be dead").
              • Contrast: 體/BODY Tǐ 體 refers to body as constituted by its various parts, in particular the limbs, and when it refers to the body as a whole the reference is to the posture and carriage of the body.
              • Contrast: 軀/BODY Qū 軀 "physical frame" refers to body as seen from the outside, objectively, not as part of the person, and as constituted by flesh and bones.
              • Oppos: 事/WORK Shì 事 (ant. xián 閒 "be at leisure") refers primarily to an official or regular working effort made on behalf of and in the service of an employer or a ruler.
              • Oppos: 位/RANK Wèi 位 and the rarer liè 列 typically refer to relatively elevated official ranks only.
              • Oppos: 名/WELL-KNOWN The dominant general term for any kind of reputation, god or bad, is míng 名.
              • Oppos: 國/STATE The dominant word is guó 國, and the word naturally focusses on the capital which defines the identity of the state, but from Warring States times the word does refer to the whole of the territory, as the term guó xiāo 國削 "the state was truncated" shows.
              • Oppos: 家/FAMILY The current dominant word is jiā 家 which refers to a whole household, including men, domestic animals and utensils as well as the whole clan system that defines its lineage affiliation.
              • Oppos: 物/THING The current standard word for any physical or non-physical object or creature is wù 物.　GUODIAN 158 凡見者謂之物
              • Oppos: 祿/SALARY The general word for apanages, emoluments or salaries received by any person of high status is lù 祿.
              • Oppos: 行/ACT The current general word for any deliberate action one may be held morally and/or administratively responsible for is xíng 行 (ant. zhǐ 止 "decide not to take action"). The nominal entries have the old reading xìng. [COMMENDATORY!], [GENERAL], [HABITUAL], [RESPONSIBLE]
              • Oppos: 道/METHOD Dào 道 is a way of being, of functioning, as well as a way of doing things, and this Way may be either exoteric or esoteric.
              • Oppos: 天下/WORLD The current term for the inhabited earth is tiān xià 天下 "All under Heaven", the Greek oikoumenē.
              • Oppos: 功/MERIT The current general word for achievements of any kind is gōng 功.
              • Oppos: 貨/PROPERTY Huò 貨 refers to property, particularly precious metals or jade etc, insofar as these may be traded or is considered as being a possible object for trading.
              • Oppos: 體/BODY Tǐ 體 refers to body as constituted by its various parts, in particular the limbs, and when it refers to the body as a whole the reference is to the posture and carriage of the body.

                Syntactic words
              • n(post-N)the contextually determinate N's person (=其身)
              • nab(.post-N)psychologicalone's (own) personCH
              • nab.post-Nperson 其身 "one's own person"CH
              • nab[.post-N]psychoften reflexive: one's (own) person; one's (own) person and character
              • nabbuddhistperson (in previous lives etc)
              • npost-NfigurativeN's own personality; N's own personal convictions; N's own personal character??, N's own personal characteristics; the very person constituted by N
              • npost=Nprthe person NprCH
              人物  rén wù OC: njin mɯd MC: ȵin mi̯ut 14 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPMODERN CHINESE: personality 一個人要變成一個人物，要出人頭地，要進入上流社會。。。　（易中天 on 三國志)
              • NP(post-N)population, inhabitants of the contextually determinate place NCH
              • NPabpersonality; personal potentialCH
              • NPdefinitethe whole individual personCH
              • NPhistoriographyhistorical personalitiesCH
              • NPlegalindividualCH
              • NPnonreferentialany individuals; human individuals; person (as having it's own features)CH
              己  jǐ OC: kɯʔ MC: kɨ 10 AttributionsWD

              Jǐ 己 can refer to one's own person.

                Syntactic words
              • nabpsychone's own person or Self (as object of cultivation or manifestation/realisation in action)
              軀  qū OC: kho MC: khi̯o 2 AttributionsWD

              Qū 軀 is a poetic word that can be used to refer to one's embodied person.

                Syntactic words
              • n[post-N]person
              身心  shēn xīn OC: qhjin slɯm MC: ɕin sim 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPperson
              世黨  shì dǎng OC: lʰebs taaŋʔ MC: ɕiɛi tɑŋ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPordinary person in this mundane world
              人身  rén shēn OC: njin qhjin MC: ȵin ɕin 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPperson
              漏身  lòu shēn OC: roos qhjin MC: lu ɕin 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabmetaphysicaldefiled person
              身體  shēn tǐ OC: qhjin rʰiiʔ MC: ɕin thei 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPperson
              • NPpost-Nperson
              體  tǐ MC: thejX OC: rʰiiʔCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nabpsychologicalsolid personality CH
              人  rén MC: nyin OC: njinCH 1 AttributionWD

                Word relations
              • Epithet: 小/SMALL The dominant quite general word is xiǎo 小 (ant. dà 大 "big"), and this word refers to both physical size and abstract importance.

                Syntactic words
              • nadVderivedfrom one person to anotherCH
              人氏  rén shì OC: njin ɡjeʔ MC: ȵin dʑiɛ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPperson
              璧人  bì rén OC: peɡ njin MC: piɛk ȵin 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPjade-like>marvellous person

              Existing SW for

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