STUPID    愚笨愚

LACK APPROPRIATE INTELLIGENCE.
IGNORANTUNINTELLIGENTIGNORANTDENSEFOOLISHDULL-WITTEDSLOWSIMPLEMINDEDVACUOUSVAPIDIDIOTICIMBECILICIMBECILEOBTUSEDOLTISHINFORMAL THICKDIMDIMWITTEDDUMBDOPEYDOZYMORONICCRETINOUSPEA-BRAINEDHALFWITTEDSOFT IN THE HEADBRAIN-DEADBONEHEADEDTHICKHEADEDWOODEN-HEADEDMUTTONHEADEDDAFT
Old Chinese Criteria
<div>1. The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to moral as well as intellectual obtuseness as well as moral irresponsibility and practical ineptitude. </div>2. Zhuó 拙 (ant. jié 捷 "nimble") refers to practical manifest ineptitude. 3. Chī 癡 (ant. yǐ4ng 穎 "very clever") refers to moronic congenital intellectual ineptitude. 4. Lǔ 魯 and dùn 鈍 (ant. huì 慧 "clever") tends to refer to boorish and rustic bluntness of and moral sensibility. 5. Bì 蔽 and měng 蒙 (all ant. cōng 聰 "clever"), refer to an intellectual obfuscation due to limited access to information, a state of stupidity that may be remediable. 6. Mèi 昧 and àn 暗 (ant. míng 明 "clear-minded") refer primarily to temporal benightedness of mind and lack of an enlightened attitude, often cause by lack of information. 7. Wán 頑 and lòu 陋 (both ant.* bó 博 "broadly civilised") add the nuance of stubbornness to that of benighted stupidity as such. NB: Bèn 笨, āi 呆, shǎ3 傻, and chūn 蠢 are post-Han words for stupidity and silliness. For a comprehensive conceptual analysis of early evidence see Christian Schwermann, "Dummheit" in altchinesischen Texten: eine Begriffsgeschichte, (Veröffentlichungen des Ostasien-Instituts der Rhhr Universität, Bochum, vol. 62, 2011)
Modern Chinese Criteria
蠢笨 is a current standard word referring to stupidity. 愚笨 is a current literary word referring to stupidity. 笨 is a current colloquial word referring to stupidity. 愚蠢 is a slightly literary current word referring to stupidity. 笨拙 focusses on practical ineptness. 拙笨 focusses strongly and primarily on practical ineptness or clumsiness. 迂拙 is a very literary word referring to practical ineptness. 笨手笨腳 refers to extreme clumsiness. 笨口笨舌 focusses on inarticulateness. 笨頭笨腦 focusses on intellectual obtuseness. 呆 focusses on slow wit. 傻 focusses on plain silliness. 愚拙 is a rather literary word focussing on clumsiness. 愚魯 focusses on boorishness. 愚昧 focusses on obfuscation of mind. 痴呆 focusses on besotted silliness. 呆痴 focusses on besotted silliness. 呆笨 focusses on slow wit. 粗笨 focusses on lack of subtlety of mind. 缺根弦兒 is a colloquial way of calling someone intellectually deficient. 傻氣 傻勁兒 拙 痴 蠢 愚 傻 傻呵呵 笨頭笨腦 傻�媔怌� 愚不可及 愚昧無知 糊塗 背晦 悖晦 發蒙 蒙昧 昏昧 懵懂 鶻突 顢頇 馬大哈 暗 昏庸 昏聵 昏昏 憒憒 糊�婼 k 塗 稀�婼 k 塗 昏頭昏腦 渾頭渾腦 暈頭轉向 蒙頭轉向 迷迷糊糊 如墮煙海 如坐雲霧 如墮五里霧中 蒙昧無知 懵然無知 當局者迷 孤陋寡聞 丈二和尚摸不著頭腦 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • INCOMPETENT　STUPID so as NOT to be ABLE to ACT:do DEFINED THINGS one SHOULD DO. (anc: 8/0, child: 0)
  • NAIVE　STUPID BECAUSE LACKING IMPORTANT EXPERIENCE. (anc: 8/0, child: 0)
Antonym
  • INTELLIGENTSKILLFUL IN-RELATION-TO UNDERSTANDING and DECIDING.
  • SKILLFULABLE to ACT:do something BECAUSE one has LEARNT NECESSARY METHODS. 
  • TALENTINTENSELY AND IMPORTANTLY SKILLFUL OR WISE.
  • CURIOSITYINTEREST IN MANY THINGS which one FEELS DESERVE one's ATTENTION.
See also
  • MADILLNESS of the MIND.
Hypernym
  • LACK　SITUATION OF NOT HAVING, OR NOT to BEING-IN the UNIVERSE. (anc: 6/0, child: 48)
  • SITUATION　RELATION in which MANY HUMANS, FEATURES OR THINGS EXIST TOGETHER OR INTERACT. (anc: 5/0, child: 11)
  • RELATION　FEATURE of TWO OR MORE THINGS TOGETHER. (anc: 4/0, child: 15)
  • Novyj objasnitel'nyj Slovar' Sinonimov Russkogo Jazyka ( APRESJAN 2004) p. 213

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 15.79

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 17.22

  • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 43

    INDOCTUS, INDOCILIS

    292. Ex Serv., Aen.: Is genus indocile. Al., indocibilis.

    -- Discit.-Didicit, ex Serv.

    ]

    292. Inter Indoctum et indocilem. Indocilis est, qui penitus non 39 potest discere [ Al., docere. F., doceri]. Indoctus, qui nondum discit, et tamen discere potest. Ad hanc formam [ Al., ab hac forma] similia distingue, ut puta, immotus, et immobilis, et [col. 40C] his similia.

  • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 58

    STULTUS, FATUUS, STUPIDUS

    500. Etymolog. lib. X, littera S, interpretes Terentii act. V, scen. 9, Eunuch.

    -- Stupidus. Non., dict. Stupidus.

    ]

    500. Inter Stultum, fatuum, et stupidum. Quidam veterum fatuum existimant qui nec quod fatur ipse, nec quod alii dicunt, intelligat; stultum vero hebetiorem corde. Unde Afranius: Ego, inquit, me stultum existimo, fatuum esse non opinor. Id est, obtusis quidem sensibus, non tamen nullis. Stupidus vero dictus est quasi lapideus, quasi stolidus.

    61

    INERS, SEGNIS

    296. Fest., dict. Iners, est autem ex Serv., ad ill. I Aen.: Instant ardentes Tyrii; ipse Etymolog. lib. X, littera I.

    --Etymolog. lib. X, littera S.

    ]

    296. Inter Inertem et segnem. Iners sine arte, et ob hoc neque operis quidem ullius [ Al., operique utilis]. Segnis, quasi sine igne; quomodo securus, sine cura, [col. 40D] id est frigidus, per quod inutilem accipimus.

    IMMEMOR, IGNARUS

    Immemor est qui oblitus est, ignarus qui inscius.

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    IGNORANT

    ignarus refers to one who is without notitia of something, ignorant of something that one might expect him to be familiar with.

    inscius refers to someone who is without scientia of something, without an active understanding of it.

    nescius refers to someone who happens not to be informed of something or who happens never to have heard of something, without negative connotations.

    STUPID

    stupidus refers to stupidity in human beings who comprehend things with difficulty.

    brutus refers to stupidity in animals and in men whose organisation is like that of beasts, who comprehend nothing, as being without reason.

    bardus refers to someone who comprehends slowly, as being of little talent.

    stultus refers to a lack of practical wisdom, as folly.

    fatuus refers to a lack of aesthetical judgment, as silliness.

    stolidus refers to a lack of reasonable moderation, as brutality.

  • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 172

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    CREDULITAS

    IGNORANTIA

    INSCITIA

    STULTITIA

  • Tolkovo-kombinatornyj slovar' sovremmenogo russkogo jazyka. Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian ( Mel'cuk 1984) p. 129ff

    bezgramotnost' 'illiteracy, ignorance'

    bezgramotnyj

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 186 and 319/20

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p.

    BETISE

    Splendid analysis of Flaubert etc. SEE ALSO MAGAZINE LITTERAIRE, SEPT. 2007 ON BETISE.

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 2.299

    DUMMHEIT

  • Theophrast, Charaktere ( THEOPHRASTUS 1960) p. no 12

    the stupid person who does everything at the wrong time

  • Theophrast, Charaktere ( THEOPHRASTUS 1960) p. no. 10

    The petty mind

  • Theophrast, Charaktere ( THEOPHRASTUS 1960) p. no. 27

  • 東漢﹣隨常用詞演變研究 ( WANG WEIHUI 2000) p. 325

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 27

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 308

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 2.394:264

    MAL-ADRESSE.MALHABILETE

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 2.4:5

    SOT.FAT.IMPERTINENT

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.46.31

    ANE.IGNORANT

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.48.34

    BETE.STUPIDE.IDIOT; FOU.EXTRAVAGANT.INSENSE.IMBECILE

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.111

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.244

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 234

  • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. no. 16

  • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. NO.111

  • Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography ( ROBERTS 1998) p. 329

    • Words (99 items)

    愚  yú OC: ŋo MC: ŋi̯o 108 Attributions

    The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.

      Word relations
    • Inconsist: 君/RULER Jūn 君 (ant. chén 臣 "minister") refers specifically to someone who is politically or administratively in charge of others as a ruler.
    • Inconsist: 學/SCHOLAR
    • Inconsist: 忠/FAITHFUL Zhōng 忠 refers to a selfless effort on behalf of the person to whom one takes oneself to owe loyalty, and this person may be either a ruler or a friend.
    • Ant: 俊 / 雋/HERO Jùn 俊 focus on the hero as a remarkably talented figure towering above ordinary man.
    • Ant: 明/INTELLIGENT Míng 明 (ant. àn 闇 "obfuscated in one's mind"), taking its analogy from sharpness of vision, typically refers to clarity of insight at all levels.
    • Ant: 智 / 知/INTELLIGENT The most general word for native ability to understand is zhī 知 (ant. wú zhī 無知 "lack the ability to understand"), but the word ranges in meaning from spiritual wisdom to technical competence.
    • Ant: 智 / 知/WISE The current general word for wisdom is zhì 智 (ant. yú 愚 "devoid of wisdom") and this may refer to any superior intellectual ability beyond the realm of memorisation or mundane knowledge, the quality which enables one to móu 謀 give good advice..
    • Ant: 聖/WISE Shèng 聖 (ant. yōng 庸 "mediocre") refers to supreme sagehood and perfection of character.
    • Ant: 賢/TALENT Xián 賢 (ant. bù xiào 不肖 "untalented") often refers to realised talents, and typically includes the nuance of moral worthiness in addition to practical and intellectual talents.
    • Ant: 君子/GOOD Jūn zǐ 君子 (ant. xiǎo rén 小人 "petty man") refers to high moral qualities, especially in men.
    • Epithet: 民/PEOPLE The dominant current general word for the people is mín 民 (ant. jūn 君 "ruler"), and this term refers to the people particularly insofar as they are ruled by a ruler or belong to a state.
    • Epithet: 農/PEASANT The standard word for a peasant is nóng 農, sometimes expanded to nóng fū 農夫.
    • Epithet: 童子/BOY Tóng zǐ 童子 is the standard neutral word for a boy below the age of 15, but the strong connotation is that of ignorance and immaturity.
    • Contrast: 魯/STUPID Lǔ 魯 and dùn 鈍 (ant. huì 慧 "clever") refer to boorish and rustic bluntness of sensibility.
    • Assoc: 惑/CONFUSED The standard general word for any kind of confusion is huò 惑 (ant. qīng 清 "be unconfused and clear").
    • Assoc: 惛/CONFUSED Hūn 昏/惛 is typically confusion within a certain delimited area. See OBSCURE
    • Assoc: 惷 / 蠢/STUPID
    • Assoc: 怯/COWARDLY
    • Assoc: 戇/STUPID
    • Assoc: 拙/STUPID Zhuó 拙 (ant. jié 捷 "nimble") refers to practical ineptitude.
    • Assoc: 暗 / 闇/STUPID
    • Assoc: 污/WICKED Wú 污 (ant. jié 潔 "morally pure and spotless") refers to moral defilement or moral impurity.
    • Assoc: 陋/STUPID Wán 頑 and lòu 陋 (both ant.* bó 博 "broadly civilised") add the nuance of stubbornness to that of stupidity as such.
    • Assoc: 不肖/INCOMPETENT The most current and general word for incompetence is bù xiào 不肖 (ant. xián 賢 "distinguished talent").
    • Assoc: 狂/CRAZY
    • Assoc: 盲/BLIND The standard word referring to blindness came to be máng 盲 (ant. míng 明 "endowed with clear sight"), but the word can also refer specifically to colour-blindness in pre-Han times.
    • Assoc: 謬 / 繆/MISTAKE Miù 謬 (ant. zhèng 正 "correct") typically refers to an intellectual misapprehension because of complete baselessness of what is being said.
    • Assoc: 迷/CONFUSED Mí 迷 "be temporarily disorientated" (ant. shí 識 "be familiar with") is in connection with a direction one is intending to take.
    • Oppos: 誣/CHEAT Wū 誣 is to deliberately mislead someone through lying.

      Syntactic words
    • nab(.post-N)one's stupidityCH
    • nabactdisplay of stupidity
    • nabpsychintellectual and moral decrepitude; moral and intellectual ignorance; ignorance
    • v[adN]N=humana stupid person; simpleton, dullard
    • vadNintellectually stupid and morally insensitive (of persons and opinions etc)
    • vadNnon-restrictivestupid 愚民
    • vadVstupidly 愚學
    • vadV(starting) from a state of being stupidLZ
    • vibe stupid; be simple-minded; be incompetent
    • viactdisplay stupidity
    • viin public perceptionbe considered to be foolish, be generally taken to be foolishCH
    • vtoNcausativecause to be stupid; keep stupid
    愚人  yú rén OC: ŋo njin MC: ŋi̯o ȵin 31 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • NPdefinitethe fool
    • NPindefinitea stupid person
    • NPnonreferentialthe stupid
    • NP{PRED}be a fool
    暗  àn OC: qɯɯms MC: ʔəm
    闇  àn OC: qɯɯms MC: ʔəm 26 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 明/INTELLIGENT Míng 明 (ant. àn 闇 "obfuscated in one's mind"), taking its analogy from sharpness of vision, typically refers to clarity of insight at all levels.
    • Ant: 惑/CONFUSED The standard general word for any kind of confusion is huò 惑 (ant. qīng 清 "be unconfused and clear").
    • Assoc: 蔽 / 弊/STUPID Bì 蔽 and měng 蒙 (all ant. cōng 聰 "clever") , refer to an appearance of stupidity due to limited access to information. a state of stupidity that is typically construed as remediable.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}stativedumbness of mind; stupidity; state of obfuscation
    • nabstativedumbness of mind; stupidity; state of obfuscationLZ
    • vadNbenighted, unenlightened, ignorant
    • vibe beclouded, obfuscated, unenlightened, benighted
    • vt+prep+Nbe stupid about; fail to show understanding for
    • vtoNkeep unenlightened; be unenlightened about
    蔽  bì OC: peds MC: piɛi
    弊  bì OC: beds MC: biɛi 23 Attributions

    Bì 蔽 and měng 蒙 (all ant. cōng 聰 "clever") , refer to an appearance of stupidity due to limited access to information. a state of stupidity that is typically construed as remediable.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 惑/CONFUSED The standard general word for any kind of confusion is huò 惑 (ant. qīng 清 "be unconfused and clear").
    • Assoc: 暗 / 闇/STUPID

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}psychobfuscation, intellectual limitation
    • vadNpassiveobtuse; obfuscated, beclouded
    • vibe obtuse; be obfuscated, German: "intellektuelle Scheuklappen haben"
    • vt+prep+Nbe insensitive to; be blocked with respect to, be blind toCH
    • vtoNcausativebecloud, obfuscate; make invisible, cover up; block (intellectual as well as physical vision on)
    • vtoNN=humanblock of the view of (a person), deliberately keep someone in the dark on something, isolate someone from information
    • vtoNpassivebe kept in the dark
    • vtoNreflexive.自causative: stupefy [oneself]
    愚癡  yú chī OC: ŋo khrlɯ MC: ŋi̯o ʈhɨ 18 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychstupidity; obtuseness
    • VPadNsilly; obtuse
    • VPibe thoroughly stupid; be obtuse
    拙  zhuō OC: kljod MC: tɕiɛt 18 Attributions

    Zhuó 拙 (ant. jié 捷 "nimble") refers to practical ineptitude.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 巧/SKILLFUL The standard word for skilfulness is qiǎo 巧 (ant. zhuó 拙 "inept").
    • Ant: 智 / 知/INTELLIGENT The most general word for native ability to understand is zhī 知 (ant. wú zhī 無知 "lack the ability to understand"), but the word ranges in meaning from spiritual wisdom to technical competence.
    • Assoc: 愚/STUPID The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.

      Syntactic words
    • nabdispositionclumsiness, incompetence
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthe stupid
    • vadNinept, fumbling, clumsy
    • vadNinsensitive, mindlessCH
    • vadVineptly; stupidly
    • vibe inept; be clumsy
    • vipositivederived: be deliberately artlessCH
    • vt+prep+Nab{ACT}be inept at, be clumsy about (sometimes with 於，乎)
    • vt+V[0]stativebe bad at, be stupid when it comes to
    • vtoNputativeregard as stupid
    癡  chī OC: khrlɯ MC: ʈhɨ
    痴  chī OC: thɯ MC: ʈhɨ 14 Attributions

    Chī 癡 (ant. yǐ4ng 穎 "very clever") refers to moronic clinical intellectual ineptitude.

      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychstate of intellectual and emotional obtuseness, failure to recognise the truth
    • vadNidiotic, stupid; silly
    • viidiotic, moronic, dim-witted
    愚者  yú zhě OC: ŋo kljaʔ MC: ŋi̯o tɕɣɛ 12 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialthe fool, the fools
    陋  lòu OC: roos MC: lu 9 Attributions

    Wán 頑 and lòu 陋 (both ant.* bó 博 "broadly civilised") add the nuance of stubbornness to that of stupidity as such.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 愚/STUPID The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.
    • Assoc: 戇/STUPID

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturestupidityLZ
    • vibe vulgar and ignorant
    • vt+prep+Nbe ingnorant of; have no civilised understanding of
    昧  mèi OC: mɯɯds MC: muo̝i 9 Attributions

    Mèi 昧 and àn 暗 (ant. míng 明 "clear-minded") refer primarily to benightedness of mind and lack of an enlithtened attitude particularly on the part of a ruler who should know better.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 明/INTELLIGENT Míng 明 (ant. àn 闇 "obfuscated in one's mind"), taking its analogy from sharpness of vision, typically refers to clarity of insight at all levels.

      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthe benighted
    • vadNbenighted
    • vibe benighted, utterly ill-informed
    • vtoNcontinuousremain ignorant of
    無智  wú zhì OC: ma tes MC: mi̯o ʈiɛ 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]the ignorant; those devoid of intelligence
    • VPadNignorant
    • VPibe devoid of intelligence
    愚夫  yú fū OC: ŋo pa MC: ŋi̯o pi̯o 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPstupid person; fool
    無明  wú míng OC: ma mraŋ MC: mi̯o mɣaŋ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychBUDDH: ?? ignorance, state of being not enlightened, unenlightenment
    不賢  bù xián OC: pɯʔ ɡiin MC: pi̯ut ɦen 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]nonreferentialsomeone devoid of talent
    • VPibe devoid of the relevant talent
    鈍  dùn OC: - MC: duo̝n 4 Attributions

    Lǔ 魯 and dùn 鈍 (ant. huì 慧 "clever") refer to boorish and rustic bluntness of sensibility.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 巧/SKILLFUL The standard word for skilfulness is qiǎo 巧 (ant. zhuó 拙 "inept").

      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychintellectual dullness; stupidity; bluntness of mind
    • vibe intellectually blunted, dull
    不智  bù zhì OC: pɯʔ tes MC: pi̯ut ʈiɛ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabstupidityDS
    • VP[adN]nonreferentialstupid person
    • VPito be stupid
    戇  zhuàng OC: kruums MC: ʈɣɔŋ 4 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 愚/STUPID The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.
    • Assoc: 陋/STUPID Wán 頑 and lòu 陋 (both ant.* bó 博 "broadly civilised") add the nuance of stubbornness to that of stupidity as such.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNstupid
    • vibe silly; be gullible, inflexible or obtuse
    不知  bù zhī OC: pɯʔ te MC: pi̯ut ʈiɛ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]the stupid
    • VPibe stupid
    少根  shǎo gēn OC: hmljewʔ kɯɯn MC: ɕiɛu kən 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab.adNof small spiritual capacity (=小根)
    頑  wán OC: ŋɡroon MC: ŋɣan 3 Attributions

    Wán 頑 and lòu 陋 (both ant.* bó 博 "broadly civilised") add the nuance of stubbornness to that of stupidity as such.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 魯/STUPID Lǔ 魯 and dùn 鈍 (ant. huì 慧 "clever") refer to boorish and rustic bluntness of sensibility.
    • Assoc: 嚚/STUPID

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturestupidity, lack of wisdom
    • nsubjectthe stupid, insensitive
    • v[adN]humanthe stupid
    • vadNinsensitive, stupid, dull
    • viinsensitive and stubborn; irresponsible
    幽  yōu OC: qriw MC: ʔi̯u 3 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • vibe benighted
    • vtoNcausativecause to be all benighted and in the dark about things; keep in the dark
    簡  jiǎn OC: kreenʔ MC: kɣɛn 3 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • vadNslight; unsophisticated; unadjusted
    荒  huāng OC: hmaaŋ MC: hɑŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe useless; senile???
    硜硜  kēng kēng OC: khreeŋ khreeŋ MC: khɣɛŋ khɣɛŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiintensitiveall blockheaded and stubborn
    惛愚  hūn yú OC: hmuun ŋo MC: huo̝n ŋi̯o 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiintensitivecompletely stupid; quite ignorant
    愚戇  yú zhuàng OC: ŋo kruums MC: ŋi̯o ʈɣɔŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNcompletely stupid
    • VPiintensitivebe quite stupid, be distinctly stupid
    憃婦  chōng fù MC: syowng bjuwX OC: qjoŋ buʔ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPsilly womanCH
    無知  wú zhī OC: ma te MC: mi̯o ʈiɛ 2 Attributions
    • 佛光大辭典 Fóguāng dàcídiǎn The Foguang Dictionary of Buddhism ( FOGUANG) p. 5096c, #1

      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistignorance; BUDDH: ignorance; skr. aj%nāna
    • VPipsychbe ignorant, do not have insight
    愚痴  yú chī OC: ŋo thɯ MC: ŋi̯o ʈhɨ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabstupidity, ignorance
    渾沌  hún dùn OC: ɡuun duunʔ MC: ɦuo̝n duo̝n 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNwithout ears or eyes; completely insensitive
    冥  míng OC: meeŋ MC: meŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabfigurativebenightedness
    • vifigurativebe benighted
    愚迷  yú mí OC: ŋo mii MC: ŋi̯o mei 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]the stupid and misguided person
    惷  chǔn OC: thjunʔ MC: tɕhʷin
    蠢  chǔn OC: thjunʔ MC: tɕhʷin 2 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 愚/STUPID The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNbe stupidTWH
    • vibe stupid
    昏  hūn OC: hmuun MC: huo̝n 2 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • nabstativeintellectual obfuscation, stupidity
    • vibe benighted
    童蒙  tóng méng OC: dooŋ mooŋ MC: duŋ muŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe infantile and immature
    癡鈍  chī dùn OC: khrlɯ - MC: ʈhɨ duo̝n 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychdullness, stupidity
    • VPadNstupid, dull
    • VPibe stupid, be dull
    戇陋  zhuàng lòu MC: traewngH luwH OC: kruums roos 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPistupid, ignorantLZ
    耄  mào OC: moows MC: mɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vibe very stupid; same as 眊
    倥侗  kōng tóng OC: khooŋ looŋ MC: khuŋ duŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe all stupid
    蒙  méng OC: mooŋ MC: muŋ 1 Attribution

    Bì 蔽 and měng 蒙 (all ant. cōng 聰 "clever") , refer to an appearance of stupidity due to limited access to information. a state of stupidity that is typically construed as remediable.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 童/BOY Tóng 童 by itself is an archaic word referring to a boy, but the term enters freely into non-archaic binomes.

      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthe stupid
    • vadNbeclouded, stupid, dumb
    • vibeclouded, mentally obfuscated
    無功  wú gōng OC: ma kooŋ MC: mi̯o kuŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]those who lack merit
    無心  wú xīn OC: ma slɯm MC: mi̯o sim 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe stupid
    痴兒  chī ér OC: thɯ ŋje MC: ʈhɨ ȵiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPstuped person, idiot, ignorant person
    魯  lǔ OC: ɡ-raaʔ MC: luo̝ 1 Attribution

    Lǔ 魯 and dùn 鈍 (ant. huì 慧 "clever") refer to boorish and rustic bluntness of sensibility.

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 愚/STUPID The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.
    • Assoc: 頑/STUPID Wán 頑 and lòu 陋 (both ant.* bó 博 "broadly civilised") add the nuance of stubbornness to that of stupidity as such.

      Syntactic words
    • viboorish and dull-witted, uncivilised
    愚學  yú xué OC: ŋo ɡruuɡ MC: ŋi̯o ɦɣɔk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNwho have studied stupidly> intellectual but stupid
    寡聞  guǎ wén MC: kwaeX mjun OC: kʷraaʔ mɯn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe ill-informedCH
    愚拙  yú zhuō OC: ŋo kljod MC: ŋi̯o tɕiɛt 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabstupidity
    愚曚  yú měng OC: ŋo mooŋʔ MC: ŋi̯o muŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]the stupid; the benighted
    無識  wú shí MC: mju syik OC: ma qhljɯɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe ignorantCH
    壅蔽  yōng bì OC: qoŋ peds MC: ʔi̯oŋ piɛi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNcausativebe caused to be beclouded, be held in ignorance
    斗筲  dǒu shāo OC: tooʔ smreew MC: tu ʂɣɛu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPadNslight, of no intellectual format
    淺知  qiǎn zhī MC: tshjenX trje OC: tshenʔ te 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPihave only superficial knowledge; often practically euphemism for "be stupid"LZ
    愚蠢  yú chǔn OC: ŋo thjunʔ MC: ŋi̯o tɕhʷin
    愚惷  yú chǔn OC: ŋo thjunʔ MC: ŋi̯o tɕhʷin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialthe stupid
    凡愚  fán yú OC: blom ŋo MC: bi̯ɐm ŋi̯o 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychstupidities current in this vulgar world; ordinary stupidities
    癡結  chī jié OC: khrlɯ kiid MC: ʈhɨ ket 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychknots of stupidity
    黮闇  tǎn àn MC: thomX 'omH OC: kh-luumʔ qɯɯms 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabstate of being beclouded; fumbling in the dark DS
    嚚  yín OC: ŋɡriŋ MC: ŋin 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 頑/STUPID Wán 頑 and lòu 陋 (both ant.* bó 博 "broadly civilised") add the nuance of stubbornness to that of stupidity as such.

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturesilliness
    • v[adN]N=humthe silly
    • vibe silly and stubborn; be stupidly talkative
    愚闇  yú àn OC: ŋo qɯɯms MC: ŋi̯o ʔəm 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychmental obfuscation
    塞  sāi sè sāi MC: sok  OC: sɯɯɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vibe mentally blocked, ignorantLZ
    愚陋  yú lòu MC: ngju luwH OC: ŋo roos 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPigradedstupidLZ
    不明  bù míng MC: pjut mjaeng OC: pɯʔ mraŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPablitotesstupidityDS
    密  mì OC: mbriɡ MC: mit 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vihave a blocked mind
    不材子  bù cái zǐ MC: pjut dzoj tsiX OC: pɯʔ sɡɯɯ sklɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPgood-for-nothingCH
    頑癡  wán chī OC: ŋɡroon khrlɯ MC: ŋɣan ʈhɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPistubborn and stupid, insensitive (to the good advice of others)
    悗  mán OC: moon MC: mʷɑn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vidumbfolded
    悾  kōng OC: khooŋ MC: khuŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vi.redbe quite simple-minded, naive
    掘  jué OC: ɡlud MC: gi̯ut
    掘  jué OC: ɡlod MC: gi̯ɐt 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viinept; insensitised?? (for 拙)
    朦朧  méng lóng OC: mooŋ b-rooŋ MC: muŋ luŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPireduplicated.AABBdark > stupid, existing in a (mental) state of darkness
    晦  huì OC: hmɯɯs MC: huo̝i 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vibenighted; unenlightened
    癡頑  chī wán OC: khrlɯ ŋɡroon MC: ʈhɨ ŋɣan 1 Attribution
    • 鎮州臨濟慧照禪師語錄語 Zhènzhōu Línjì Huìzhào chánshī yǔlù The Recorded Sayings of Linji Huizhao of Zhen Province ZZ ( LINJILU(B)) p. 202a9

      古人云。向外作工夫。總是癡頑漢。A person of old said: 'Those who direct their efforts to the external are all dumb fellows.

    • 懶瓚和尚《樂道歌》攷 Raisan oshō 'Raku dō ka' kō [A Study of the 'Ledao ge' of Preceptor Lanzan] 東洋文化研究所紀要 Tōyō bunka kenkyūjo kiyō ( TSUCHIYA/KOROMOGAWA/OGAWA 2001) p. 134

      The word appears also in HANSHAN

      Syntactic words
    • VPadNstupid and dull, idiotic
    淺  qiǎn OC: tshenʔ MC: tshiɛn 1 Attribution

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturestupidity
    • vadNfigurativeof shallow knowledge> stupid
    闇亂  àn luàn OC: qɯɯms ɡ-roons MC: ʔəm lʷɑn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychstupidity and confusion
    矇  méng OC: mooŋ MC: muŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vifigurative: intellectually blind
    愚昧聾瞽  yú mèi lóng gǔ OC: ŋo mɯɯds b-rooŋ kaaʔ MC: ŋi̯o muo̝i luŋ kuo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPifollish dark deaf blind > be stupid, be ignorant, be of minor understanding
    不識  bù shí MC: pjut syik OC: pɯʔ qhljɯɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]N=humanthe ignorant (masses)CH
    忽忽  hū hū MC: xwot xwot OC: hmɯɯd hmɯɯd 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNbadly considered; ad hoc-madeDS
    頑闇  wán àn OC: ŋɡroon qɯɯms MC: ŋɣan ʔəm 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]be benighted; the stupid
    小根  xiǎo gēn OC: smewʔ kɯɯn MC: siɛu kən 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPadNof small spiritual capacity
    騃  ái OC:  MC: ŋɣɛi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe stupid
    惷愚  chǔn yú OC: thjunʔ ŋo MC: tɕhʷin ŋi̯o 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe completely stupid, be quite stupid
    癡冥  chī míng OC: khrlɯ meeŋ MC: ʈhɨ meŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]nonreferentialthe benighted; the unenlightened
    愚暗  yú àn OC: ŋo qɯɯms MC: ŋi̯o ʔəm 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiintensitivebe quite stupid; be beclouded
    根鈍  gēn dùn OC: kɯɯn - MC: kən duo̝n 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychinnate bluntness of mind, stupidity
    暗塞  àn sāi OC: qɯɯms sɯɯɡ MC: ʔəm sək 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNbe stupid with respect to 暗塞於理 "be stupid with respect to the principles of things"
    傻  shǎ OC: srʔ MC: ʂɣɛ 0 Attributions

    Bèn 笨, āi 呆, shǎ 傻, and chūn 蠢 are post-Han words for stupidity and silliness.

      Syntactic words
    • vimoronic, retarded, imbecile
    儑  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions

    án

      Syntactic words
    • vistupid (XUN) ???
    呆  ái OC: ŋɯɯ MC: ŋəi 0 Attributions

    Bèn 笨, āi 呆, shǎ3 傻, and chūn 蠢 are post-Han words for stupidity and silliness.

      Syntactic words
    • viunperceptive, dull, dreary, plodding
    怐  kòu OC: khoos MC: khu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe stupid
    頑皮  wán pí OC: ŋɡroon bral MC: ŋɣan biɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPcolloquialstubborn skin > obstinate person, dumbhead, numbskull
    惛  hūn OC: hmuun MC: huo̝n 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    憃  chōng OC: qjoŋ MC: ɕi̯oŋ 0 Attributions

    Bèn 笨, āi 呆, shǎ3 傻, and chūn 蠢 are post-Han words for stupidity and silliness.

      Syntactic words
    • vibe stupid
    憨  hān OC: qhlaam MC: hɑm 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • visimple-minded, naive, gullible, silly
    懵  měng OC: mɯŋʔ MC: muŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe stupid
    木  mù OC: mooɡ MC: muk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nadNmentally inflexible, stupid
    沈  chén OC: ɡrlum MC: ɖim 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vihave sunk into stupidity
    沌  dùn OC: duunʔ MC: duo̝n 0 Attributions

    be of blurred mind, lack of sharp intellectual insight

      Syntactic words
    • vibe of blurred mind
    淪  lún OC: ɡ-run MC: lʷin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vichangesink into stupidity
    笨  bèn OC: bɯɯnʔ MC: buo̝n 0 Attributions

    Bèn 笨, āi 呆, shǎ 傻, and chǔn 蠢 are post-Han words for stupidity and silliness.

      Syntactic words
    • vicrude and obtuse, coarse, rough, uncouth
    緡  mín OC: mrin MC: min 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viunconscious (ZHUANG)?