Taxonomy of meanings for 登:　　

  • 登 dēng (OC: tɯɯŋ MC: təŋ) 都滕切 平 廣韻：【成也升也進也衆也説文曰上車也亦州名漢文帝封悼惠王子爲牟平侯即此地也周爲登州取文登山而名又姓蜀有關中流人始平登定都滕切八 】
    • ASCEND
      • vadNascending; travelling up; who have risen or ascended 登仙 "immortals who have risen up"
      • vt(oN)ascend (often in a dignified way), go up
      • vt+prep+Nascend; climb up (登乎)
      • vtoNclimb up, go up; also by flying: 豋天 "rise to Heaven".
      • vtoNfigurativerise to the level of > reach the level of (such as a rank, position, etc.)
      • vt+prep+Ncausativebe put up on
      • concretely: step on so as to wear shoes: WEAR
        • abstract: reach upwardly> REACH
            • perfective: and go beyond> SURPASS
            • causative: bureaucratically> PROMOTE
              • cause to get onto> RECORD
                • vtoNmake a record of
              • figurative, euphemistic: to heaven> DIE
                • causative:in social hierarchy> HAND UP
                  • metaphorical> GROW
                    • vichangeripen, get properly ripe
                    • causative> INCREASE
                        • generalised, causative> COMPLETE
                          • vtoNcomplete (a certain age > reach the age of)
                          • vtoNmiddle voicebe completed
                          • vtoNresultativecomplete (a task etc), perféct,CH
                  • =?> PLATE
                    • npottery plate
                • 登 dèng《集韻》丁鄧切，去嶝，端。

                    Additional information about 登

                    說文解字: 【登】，上車也。从𣥠、豆，象登車形。 〔小徐本「象」作「爲」。〕 【都滕切】 【𤼼(𤼷)】，籒文登从𠬞。

                      Criteria
                    • DESCEND

                      1. The current word for descending is jiàng 降 (ant. shēng 升 "ascend", dēng 登 "ascend").

                      2. Xià 下 (ant. shàng 上 "ascend") sometimes refers colourlessly to something moving downwards.

                    • ASCEND

                      [ARCHAIC/CURRENT]

                      [[BASIC/DERIVED]]

                      [DIFFICULT/EASY]

                      [ELEVATED/VULGAR]

                      [+FIG/LITERAL]

                      1. Shēng 升 (ant. jiàng 降 "descend") is perhaps the most general word dedicated to the meaning of "going up", and the word often has a literary, dignified flavour.

                      [GENERAL]; [[BASIC]], [[CURRENT]]

                      2. Shàng 上 (ant. xià 下 "descend"), on the basis of the general meaning "above", comes to refer to the moving to the position on top of or above something else, and the word has no elevated literary flavour.

                      [GENERAL]; [[CURRENT]], [[DERIVED]]

                      3. Dēng 登 refers to one entering a vehicle or moving onto a higher surface of any kind, typically (but not always) in a dignified manner.

                      [ELEVATED!]; [[CURRENT+]]

                      4 Pān 攀 refers to an arduous movement across difficult terrain to a higher position, supporting oneself by objects that one can hold on to as one is moving upwards.

                      [DIFFICULT+], [LITERAL]; [[BASIC]], [[CURRENT]]

                      5. Yuán 緣 refers to an often arduous movement in difficult "terrain" and guided by certain features of that terrain.

                      [DIFFICULT]; [[DERIVED]]

                      6. Chéng 乘 refers to the mounting of a vehicle, specifically.

                      [SPECIFIC]; [[CURRENT]]

                      7. Jī 躋 refers to ascending a burial mound as part of ritual.

                      [ARCHAIC], [SPECIFIC]; [[RARE]]

                      8. Zhì 陟 "poetic: scale a mountain" (ant. jiàng 降 "descend") is a rare archaising words with highly restricted usage.

                      [ARCHAIC], [SPECIFIC]; [[RARE]]

                      9. Jí 即 (ant.* xùn 遜 "resign a ruler's position", or perhaps also shàn 禪 "resign the throne") is always metaphorically "ascend (the throne)".

                      [SPECIFIC]; [[CURRENT]], [[DERIVED]]

                      Word relations
                    • Ant: (ASCEND)降/DESCEND The current word for descending is jiàng 降 (ant. shēng 升 "ascend", dēng 登 "ascend").
                    • Object: (ASCEND)車 / 車/VEHICLE The current general term for a vehicle is chē 車, a term which also refers even more generally to all contraptions with wheels