DIE 死死
STOP LIVING.
PASS AWAYPASS ONLOSE ONE'S LIFEEXPIREBREATHE ONE'S LASTMEET ONE'S ENDMEET ONE'S DEATHLAY DOWN ONE'S LIFEPERISHGO THE WAY OF ALL FLESHGO TO ONE'S LAST RESTING PLACEGO TO MEET ONE'S MAKERCROSS THE GREAT DIVIDESLIP AWAYINFORMAL GIVE UP THE GHOSTKICK THE BUCKETCROAKBUY ITTURN UP ONE'S TOESCASH IN ONE'S CHIPSBITE THE BIG ONECHECK OUTBUY THE FARMARCHAIC DEPART THIS LIFE. ANTONYM LIVESURVIVE
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The dominant general word is sǐ 死 (ant. shēng 生 "be alive"), and this can refer to the death of plants as well as animals or men.2. Bēng 崩 refers to the death of an emperor.3. Hōng 薨 and cú 殂 / 徂 refers to the death of a senior official.4. Zú 卒 is specifically the death of a common citizen, but occasionally also used to refer to the death of senior persons like dukes.5. Piǎo 殍 and jǐn 殣 "(of common people) starve to death, die in the gutters" refer distinctly to the death of ordinary people.6. Mò 沒 / 歿 (ant. cún 存 "survive") and zhōng 終 are abstract elevated, polite words to use about the death of a significant person.7. Yì 殪 "get killed" is the result of violent action.8. Yāo (old: yǎo) 夭, yǎo 殀 and shāng 殤 (ant. shòu 壽 "long-lived") refer to an early and not just untimely death.9. Jí22 shì 即世 refers to the death of high-ranking personalities in the bureaucracy.10. Wáng 亡 "cease to be" is a polite and periphrastic way of referring to death.11. Xùn 殉 refers to the act of laying down one's life, dying for a cause.NB: The periphrastic vocabulary of Chinese referring to death is extraordinarily large. I have more than 900 terms - if modern locutions gēbēr sǐ 咯嘣兒死 "die" are included.
Modern Chinese Criteria
For example, in later times <br>a Taoist will <br>chéngxiān 成仙 "become an immortal"<br>dēngxiān 登仙 "climb up so as to become an immortal"<br>fēishēng 飛升 "fly up"<br>shàng xiān 上仙 "rise to become an immortal"<br>shēngxiān 昇仙 "rise as an immortal"<br>xiānqù 仙去 "leave as an immortal"<br>xiānshì 仙逝 "depart as an immortal"<br>xiānyóu 仙遊 "travel off as an immortal"<br>yǔhuà 羽化 "be transformed with wings"</div><div><br></div><div>A Buddist will<br>guīxī 歸西 "return westward"<br>miè 滅 "be extinguished"<br>shàng xītiān 上西天 "go up to Western Heaven"<br>yuánjí 圓寂 "become complete and then peaceful" (mainly monks or very pious Buddhists)<br>zuòhuà 坐化 "sit and be transformed"<br>jiàn fóyě qùle 見佛爺去了 "has gone to see the old Buddha"<br>jiàn Yánwáng qùle 見閻王去了 "has gone to see the Lord of Hell"</div><div><br></div><div>A communist (and others) will say:<br>jiàn Mǎkèsī 見馬克斯 "visit Karl Marx"<br>jiàn Máo Zédōng 見毛澤東"visit Mao Zedong"<br>jiàn Dèng Xiǎopíng 見鄧小平</div><div><br></div><div>ān lè sǐ 安樂死 "die a peaceful joyful death"&lt;br&gt;ān miǎn 安眠 "sleep peacefully: die"*;&lt;br&gt;ān rán sǐ qù 安然死去 "die peacefully"&lt;br&gt;ān rán yuán jí 安然圓寂 "peacefully to become round and then still"&lt;br&gt;ān xī 安息 "rest peacefully";*&lt;br&gt;bái shì 白事 "the white affair: death"&lt;br&gt;bǎi nián zhī hòu 百年之後 "euphemistic: death"&lt;br&gt;bǎi nián 百年 "periphrastic polite: a hundred years: die";*&lt;br&gt;bǎi suì 百歲 "periphrastic polite: die"*&lt;br&gt;bào bēng 暴崩 "of emperor: die";* hanshu&lt;br&gt;bào bìng shēn wáng 暴病身亡 "die of a violent disease"&lt;br&gt;bào gǔ (pùgǔ) 暴骨 classical: "to bleach one's bones"Zuo Xiang 26&lt;br&gt;bào sǐ 暴死 "die a violent death"&lt;br&gt;bào zhà shēn wáng 爆炸身亡 "get blown up and die"&lt;br&gt;bào zú 暴卒 "die a violent death"*&lt;br&gt;bēng bèi 崩背 "of emperor: die"&lt;br&gt;bēng cú 崩殂 classical: of emperor: "collapse and become extinct"*&lt;br&gt;bēng hōng 崩薨 "of emperor: die"&lt;br&gt;bēng jià 崩駕 classical, of Emperor: "collapse and drive off (on imperial chariot)"*&lt;br&gt;bēng shì 崩逝 "(of emperor) die";*&lt;br&gt;bēng yù 崩御 classical, of Emperor "collapse and steer one's imperial chariot"&lt;br&gt;bēng zú 崩卒 classical, of Emperor: "collapse and end one's life"&lt;br&gt;[[[bèi cì 被刺 "be assassinated with a dagger"&lt;br&gt;bèi hài shēn wáng 被害身亡&lt;br&gt;bèi hài 被害 "be harmed&amp;gt;murdered"&lt;br&gt;bèi nàn 被難 "lose one's life (in a disaster of some kind)"&lt;br&gt;bèi qì 背棄 "turn one's back and give up"&lt;br&gt;bèi shā 被殺 ""be murdered"&lt;br&gt;bèi shì 背世 "turn back to the world:die";*&lt;br&gt;bèi sī 被撕 "get torn to pieces"&lt;br&gt;bèi zhà shēn wáng 被炸身亡&lt;br&gt;bèi zhà 被炸 "be killed by a bomb"&lt;br&gt;bèi 背 "turn one's back"&lt;br&gt;bēngle 崩了 "has got killed"&lt;br&gt;bì bó 斃踣 "drop dead"&lt;br&gt;bì luò huáng quán 碧落黃泉&lt;br&gt;bì mìng 畢命 "end one's life, die"&lt;br&gt;bì mìng 斃命 literary: "die an unforeseen death"&lt;br&gt;bì pú 弊僕 "fall prostrate";*&lt;br&gt;bì sǐ 斃死 "drop dead"&lt;br&gt;bì yǎnr 閉眼兒 colloquial: "close one's eyes"*&lt;br&gt;[biēsǐ 憋死 "suffocate to death????"??????????????????????????&lt;br&gt;bì mìng 畢命 "finish one's fated life"&lt;br&gt;bīn kōng 賓空 "pay a visit to emptiness"*&lt;br&gt;bīn tiān 賓天 literary, of Emperor: "pay a visit to Heaven"&lt;br&gt;bìng gù 病故 literary: "become of the past because of disease"&lt;br&gt;bīng jiě 兵解 "have one's armed forces dissolved"&lt;br&gt;bīng liángle 冰涼了 colloquial: "become ice cold"&lt;br&gt;bìng mò 病歿 "die of a disease"&lt;br&gt;bìng shì 病逝 literary: "depart because of disease"&lt;br&gt;bìng sǐ 病死 "die a natural death"&lt;br&gt;bìng zú 病卒 "die of a disease"&lt;br&gt;bù lù 不祿 "go off the official payroll" Guoyu, Jin 2&lt;br&gt;bù cè 不測 "do the unguessable"*&lt;br&gt;bù huì 不諱 circumlocution "I will not observe the taboo (on death)"&lt;br&gt;bù kě huì 不可諱 "the inexorable"&lt;br&gt;bù qǐ 不起 "not rise (again)"&lt;br&gt;bù qū ér sǐ 不屈而死 "die upright"&lt;br&gt;bù xiáng 不祥 "become inauspicious"&lt;br&gt;bù xìng bìng gù 不幸病故 "unfortunately die of a disease"&lt;br&gt;bù xìng lí nàn 不幸罹難 "unfortunately meet difficulties"&lt;br&gt;bù xìng qì qún chén 不幸棄群臣 "of a king: to die" HF 35.6&lt;br&gt;bù xìng shēn wáng 不幸身亡 "unfortunately lose one's life"&lt;br&gt;bù xìng yù hài 不幸遇害 "unfortunately meet harm"&lt;br&gt;bù xìng yù nàn 不幸遇難 "unfortunately meet difficulty"&lt;br&gt;bù xìng zǎo shì 不幸早世 "unfortunately leave the world early"&lt;br&gt;bù xìng zǎo sǐ 不幸早死 "unfortunately die early"&lt;br&gt;bù xìng 不幸 be unfortunate"&lt;br&gt;bù yú 不虞 "do the unforseeable";*&lt;br&gt;bù yù 不育 "die before adulthood"*&lt;br&gt;bù zài rén shì 不在人世 "cease to be among the living"&lt;br&gt;bù zài 不在 "cease to exist";* Rulinwaishi&lt;br&gt;bù zhī sǐ suǒ 不知死所 "die in an unknown place"&lt;br&gt;bù zhōng 不終 "not come to a natural end";&lt;br&gt;bùzàile 不在了 colloquial: "be no longer there"&lt;br&gt;cǎn zāo àn shā 慘遭暗殺 "be murdered" (Cut out!)&lt;br&gt;cǎn zāo bù cè 慘遭不惻literary idiom: "tragically meet the unpredictable"&lt;br&gt;cǎn zāo shā hài 慘遭殺害 "meet a violent death"&lt;br&gt;chán tuì 蟬蛻 "Taoist: free oneself";* Tang&lt;br&gt;cháng cí xiè shì 長辭謝世 "say farewell forever to the world"&lt;br&gt;cháng cí 長辭 "take the lasting farewell"&lt;br&gt;cháng duǎn 長短 "die suddenly"* Rulinwaishi&lt;br&gt;cháng guī 長歸 "return forever"* Yu Xin&lt;br&gt;cháng mèi 長寐 "sleep forever"* Bao Zhao&lt;br&gt;cháng miǎn bù qǐ 長眠不起 "rest forever and not get up"&lt;br&gt;cháng miǎn dì xià 長眠地下 "go to sleep forever under the earth"&lt;br&gt;cháng miǎn huáng quán 長眠黃泉 "sleep forever by the Yellow Springs"&lt;br&gt;cháng miǎn 長眠 "sleep forever"* Su Shi&lt;br&gt;cháng miǎn 長眠 euphemism: "fall asleep forever"&lt;br&gt;cháng qǐn 長寢 "sleep forever"* Qing Dyn&lt;br&gt;cháng shāng 長殤 "die too early at an advanced age???"&lt;br&gt;cháng shì 長逝 literary euphemism"depart forever"* Li Bai&lt;br&gt;cháng wǎng 長往 "set off for good: die"* Southern Dyn Yan Yanzhi&lt;br&gt;cháng wéi 長違 "go against things forever"&lt;br&gt;cháng xiè 長謝 "take the long-term farewell"* Liangshu&lt;br&gt;cháng xiū 長休 "rest forever"&lt;br&gt;cháng zhōng 長終 "finish forever"&lt;br&gt;cháng zhōng 長終 "finish long-term"* Shiji&lt;br&gt;chǎn nàn 產難 "die in childbirth; death in childbirth"&lt;br&gt;chē liè 車裂 classical technical term: "be torn to pieces between carts"&lt;br&gt;chēn tuǐ dèng yǎnr 伸腿瞪眼兒 Peking vulgarism: "stretch one's legs and start staring"&lt;br&gt;chēn tuǐr 伸腿兒 Peking vulgarism: "stretch one's legs"&lt;br&gt;chén lún 沈淪 "sink under"&lt;br&gt;chén miǎn 沈眠 "sink into sleep";* Zhang Binglin&lt;br&gt;chén mò 陳沒／陳歿 "go under";* Lu Xun&lt;br&gt;chén shī lěi lěi 陳尸累累 "be piled up as corpses"&lt;br&gt;chén xiāng 沈湘 "die a patriotic death";* Tang Dyn&lt;br&gt;chéng lǎo 程老 "reach the old age";&lt;br&gt;chéng rén qǔ yì 成仁取義idiom based on classical periphrasis: "achieve goodness and choose duty"&lt;br&gt;chéng rén 成仁 classical periphrasis: "sacrifice oneself for a good cause"&lt;br&gt;chéng rén 成仁 "die for a just cause";* LY&lt;br&gt;chéng xiān 成仙 "become an immortal"&lt;br&gt;chè sè 徹瑟 "stow away the zither";* Huang Zongxi&lt;br&gt;chè sè 撤瑟 "stow away the zither";*&lt;br&gt;chè xí 徹席 "stow away the mats";* Tang Dyn&lt;br&gt;chè yuè 徹樂 "stow away the music";*&lt;br&gt;chǐ jiàn 齒劍 "commit suicide";* Southern Dyn&lt;br&gt;chóng chū 蟲出 "worms emerge: die"&lt;br&gt;chóng quán zhī xià 重泉之下 "be under the Double Springs"&lt;br&gt;chū quē 出缺 bureaucratic "create a vacancy, often by dying in office" &lt;br&gt;chǔ jué 處決 literary: "be condemned and put to death"&lt;br&gt;chù diàn ér sǐ 觸電而死 "be struck by lightning and die"&lt;br&gt;chuáng bì 撞斃 "meet an unexpected death, mostly car accident"&lt;br&gt;chuài le 踹了 Peking vulgarism: "stretch (one's legs)"&lt;br&gt;chuài tuǐr 踹腿兒 Peking vulgarism: "stumble over one's legs"&lt;br&gt;chuàng shòu 創壽 "die an intimely death" hf 29.1.35&lt;br&gt;chuī dēng bá là le 吹燈拔蠟了 Peking colloquialism: "blow out the lamp and pick up the candle wax.&lt;br&gt;chuī jiù 炊臼 "burn the mortar";&lt;br&gt;chuī táile 吹台了Peking vulgarism: "has blown his last tune on the stage, his play is over"&lt;br&gt;chuī tiàozi le 吹挑子了colloquial: "has blown at the carrying-pole"&lt;br&gt;chuīle 吹了 Peking vulgarism: "has blown his tune (on stage of Peking opera)"&lt;br&gt;cí qù 辭去 "call it a day"&lt;br&gt;cí shì 辭世 literary: "say farewell to the world"&lt;br&gt;cí yáng 辭陽 literary: "depart from the world of light"&lt;br&gt;cóng róng jiù yì 從容就義 "die confidently for justice"&lt;br&gt;cú bèi 徂背／殂背 "die and turn one's back"&lt;br&gt;cú luò (cúlào殂落 very literary: "die and fall"&lt;br&gt;cú 殂 classical: "die"&lt;br&gt;cú sāng 徂喪／殂喪 "die"&lt;br&gt;cú shì 殂逝 literary: "die and depart"&lt;br&gt;cú xiè 殂謝／徂謝 literary: "die and wither"&lt;br&gt;cú yāo 殂夭 "die young"&lt;br&gt;cú yǔn 殂殞／徂殞 literary: "die"&lt;br&gt;cúdiān 徂顛 "die and turn over"&lt;br&gt;cúhuà 殂化 "die and be transformed"&lt;br&gt;cúluò 殂歹ｐｌｕｓ各／徂落&lt;br&gt;cú mò 殂歿／徂沒 literary: "die and go under"&lt;br&gt;cù rán bào wáng 猝然暴亡 "die suddenly"&lt;br&gt;cù rán shēn wáng 猝然身亡 "die suddenly"&lt;br&gt;cù rán sǐ qù 猝然死去 "die suddenly"&lt;br&gt;cuī cán zhì sǐ 摧殘致死 "die a cruel death"&lt;br&gt;dá huà 怛化 "frightful transformation: to die"&lt;br&gt;dǎ lǎoguā le 打老鴰了 Peking vulgarism: "have hit the raven"&lt;br&gt;dǎo bì 倒斃 "fall down and die suddenly "&lt;br&gt;dǎo dì ér wáng 倒地而亡 "drop dead"&lt;br&gt;dǎo tóu 倒頭 colloquial: "turn one's head: die"&lt;br&gt;dà bìng 大病 "big disease: die"&lt;br&gt;dà fèn yǒu xiàn 大分有限&lt;br&gt;dà gù 大故 classical: "the great affair: death (especially of one's parents)" &lt;br&gt;dà guī 大歸 "great return: die"&lt;br&gt;dà hōng 大薨 "of emperor: die"&lt;br&gt;dà huì 大諱 "the great taboo"&lt;br&gt;dà mèng chū xǐng 大夢初醒 classical idiom: "has just woken up from the great dream (of life)"&lt;br&gt;dà qí 大崎（歹ｆｏｒ山） obsolete classical: "the great casting off, i.e. death"&lt;br&gt;dà qù 大去 "take big leave"&lt;br&gt;dà qù 大去 literary: "take the great departure"&lt;br&gt;dà shì 大事 literary idiom"great affair, i.e. death of a parent" contrast dà shì 大事 "marriage"&lt;br&gt;dà xiàn yǐ dào 大限已到 "reach already the great limit"&lt;br&gt;dà xiàn zhōng 大限終 literary circumlocut ion: "the great limit and end"&lt;br&gt;dà xiàn 大限 literary circumlocution: "the great limit, i.e. death"&lt;br&gt;dà xíng 大行 litererary euphemism: "the great journey, death"&lt;br&gt;dà yǎ yún wáng 大雅云亡？？？＼&lt;br&gt;dà yùn shǐ 大運始 obsolete classical usage: "the great moving has started"&lt;br&gt;dài yǐn 待隱 obsolete classical usage: "wait for darkness" （莊子）&lt;br&gt;dēng guǐ lù 登鬼錄 traditional folklore: "be entered in the ghost register"&lt;br&gt;dēng xiān 登仙 "rise to become a fairy/an immortal"&lt;br&gt;dēng xiá 豋遐 literary idiom, of emperor "climb up and take off"&lt;br&gt;dēng zhēn 登真 "ascend to genuineness"&lt;br&gt;dēng 登 litereary, elevated: (of emperor) rise up: die"&lt;br&gt;dēngxiān 登仙 "climb up an immortal"&lt;br&gt;dèng tuǐr 蹬腿兒 Peking vulgarism: "stretch the leg"&lt;br&gt;dì xià xiū wén 地下修文 "revise one's writings under ground"&lt;br&gt;diān kuáng ér sǐ 癲狂而死 "die a crazy death"&lt;br&gt;diāo líng 凋零diao literary: "wither"&lt;br&gt;diāo luò 凋落 "wither and fall"&lt;br&gt;diāo wěi 凋萎 "wither and die"&lt;br&gt;diāo xiè 凋謝 litererary: "wither and drie up"&lt;br&gt;diāolíng 凋零 "wither"&lt;br&gt;diàn bì 電斃 "die suddenly after being struck by lightning"&lt;br&gt;diàn yíng 奠楹 "die a dignified death????"&lt;br&gt;diànsǐ 電死 "die after being struck by lightning"&lt;br&gt;diào sǐ 吊死 "die through hanging"&lt;br&gt;diào 凋 "dry up and die (of leaves)"&lt;br&gt;die 2sǐ 跌死 "die as a result of stumbling and falling"&lt;br&gt;dǐng hú 鼎湖 "of emperor: die" Song Changsheng 311&lt;br&gt;dòng è ér sǐ 凍餓而死 "die of cold and hunger"&lt;br&gt;dòng sǐ 凍死 "freeze to death"&lt;br&gt;dú 殰 obsolete classical: "die in the womb"&lt;br&gt;dù jì ér sǐ 妒忌而死 "die of jealousy"&lt;br&gt;dùn huà 遁化 "taoist: die" Song 310&lt;br&gt;duǎn jiàn 短見 "take a short perspective (on the rest of one's life), try to commit suicide"&lt;br&gt;duǎn mìng yāo wáng 短命夭亡 "have a short life and die early"&lt;br&gt;duǎn mìng 短命 literary: "die early" Watters 277&lt;br&gt;duǎn shì 短世 "die an early death"&lt;br&gt;duǎn zhé 短折 "die early" Song 311&lt;br&gt;duǎn zuò 短祚 "die an early death"&lt;br&gt;duǎn 短 "shorten one's existence"&lt;br&gt;duàn hún 斷魂 traditional folklore: "cut off the heavenly soul"&lt;br&gt;duàn pò 斷魄 traditinal folklore: "cut off one's female souls, die" 欲斷魄&lt;br&gt;duàn qì shēn wáng 斷氣身亡 "stop breathing and die"&lt;br&gt;duàn qìr 斷氣兒 colloquial: "cut off one's breath"&lt;br&gt;[duànxián 斷弦 "lose one's wife, become a widower"]è sǐ 餓死 "starve to death" cf. "be very hungry"&lt;br&gt;duò chē shēn wáng 墮車身亡&lt;br&gt;duò tán ér sǐ 墮潭而死</div><br>duò yái 墮崖 metaphorical colloquial: "fall off the cliff"&lt;br&gt;duò yán ér wáng 墮岩而亡&lt;br&gt;fān báiyǎn 翻白眼 colloquial: "turn the eye"&lt;br&gt;fǎn zhēn 反真 "Taoist: die" Song 310&lt;br&gt;fēishēng 飛升 "fly up"&lt;br&gt;fēng mù 風木 "suffer the death of both parents" Song 310&lt;br&gt;fēng shù 風樹 "suffer the death of both parents" Song 311&lt;br&gt;fěn shēn suì gǔ 粉身碎骨 classical idiom: "be willing to do anything (including sacrifice your life) for someone/thing&lt;br&gt;fū shì 趺逝 "pass away in lotus position (as a Buddhist)"&lt;br&gt;fú dú zì shā 服毒自殺 "poison oneself"&lt;br&gt;fú fǎ 伏法 "succumb to the law"&lt;br&gt;fú jié 伏節 "die for chastity" Song 311&lt;br&gt;fú tiān xíng 服天刑 literary: "suffer Heaven's punishment"&lt;br&gt;fù mò 覆沒 literary: "go under"&lt;br&gt;gān dǎn tú dì 肝膽涂地 "smear the earth with one's live and gall: die a violent death"&lt;br&gt;gān kū 乾枯 "get dry and wither"&lt;br&gt;gān nǎo tú dì 肝腦塗地 literary idiom: "have one's liver and brains smeared all over the ground" Song 315&lt;br&gt;gān yuàn shě shēn 甘願舍／捨身 "gladly sacrifice one's life&lt;br&gt;gān 乾 Peking vulgarism: "dry up"&lt;br&gt;gǎo gǔ fǔ ròu 槁骨腐肉 "drie one's bone and rot one's flesh"&lt;br&gt;gài guān 蓋棺 "after the coffin is closed..." 蓋棺論人 "jude a person after his death".&lt;br&gt;gào jià le 告假了 jocular colloquialism: "declare a holiday, call it a day"&lt;br&gt;gēng lòu yǐ jìn 更漏已盡 literary euphemism:"the allotted hours are already used up"&lt;br&gt;gěr chuài 嗝兒踹 Peking vulgarism: "gulp down one's breath and stretch the leg"&lt;br&gt;gěr liángliángrle 嗝兒涼涼兒了 vulgar, Peking: "die and become cold"&lt;br&gt;gěr lōu 嗝兒了 vulgar, Peking: "die&lt;br&gt;gěr pì 嗝兒屁 extremely vulgar, Peking: "GULP DOWN ARSE"&lt;br&gt;gěr 嗝兒 vulgar, Peking: "gulp down one's breath"&lt;br&gt;gōng chē wǎn chū 宮車晚出&lt;br&gt;gōng chē yàn jià 宮車晏駕&lt;br&gt;gǔ huà xíng xiāo 骨化形銷&lt;br&gt;gǔ ròu wèi hán 骨肉未寒&lt;br&gt;gù qù duō nián 故去多年&lt;br&gt;gù qù 故去 classical idiom: "pass away to become a matter of the past????"&lt;br&gt;gù shì 故世&lt;br&gt;gù 故&lt;br&gt;guī dàoshān 歸道山 literary: "return to Dàoshan"&lt;br&gt;guī jí 歸寂 Song 311&lt;br&gt;guī jìn 歸盡&lt;br&gt;guī qù 歸去&lt;br&gt;guī quán 歸泉&lt;br&gt;guī shān 歸山 literary: "return to the mountain"&lt;br&gt;guī shì 歸世&lt;br&gt;guī tiān cháng mián 歸天長眠&lt;br&gt;guī tiān 歸天 literary: "return to Heaven"&lt;br&gt;guī tǔ 歸土&lt;br&gt;guī xī 歸西 literary: "return to the West"&lt;br&gt;guī xiū 歸休 Song 311&lt;br&gt;guī yīn 歸陰 literary: "return to darkness"&lt;br&gt;guī yuán 歸元 "periphrastic, Buddhist: die" Song 311&lt;br&gt;guī zhēn 歸真&lt;br&gt;guī zhèng shǒu qiū 歸正首丘&lt;br&gt;guī 歸 colloquialism(!): "return"&lt;br&gt;guīxī 歸西 "return westward"&lt;br&gt;guò bèi 過背&lt;br&gt;guò shēn 過身 rare, literary: "pass one's personhood????"&lt;br&gt;guòqu 過去 "pass away"&lt;br&gt;guòshì 過世 "pass away from this world"&lt;br&gt;hán hèn cháng shì 含恨長逝&lt;br&gt;hán hèn ér qù 含恨而去&lt;br&gt;hán hèn ér shì 含恨而逝&lt;br&gt;hán hèn jiǔ quán 含恨九泉&lt;br&gt;hán hèn qù shì 含恨去世&lt;br&gt;hán xiào rù dì 含笑入地&lt;br&gt;hán xiào sǐ qù 含笑死去&lt;br&gt;hán yuān jiǔ quán 含冤九泉&lt;br&gt;hán yuàn kè shì 含怨溘逝&lt;br&gt;héng huà 恆化 literary: "be permanently transformed&lt;br&gt;hè huà 鶴化 "be transformed like a crane: die"&lt;br&gt;hè jià 鶴駕 "ride a crane: die"&lt;br&gt;hè yù 鶴馭 "drive a crane: die"&lt;br&gt;hèng huò xiōng sǐ 橫禍凶死&lt;br&gt;hèng sǐ 橫死 classical: "violent death"&lt;br&gt;hōng bèi 薨背&lt;br&gt;hōng cú 薨殂&lt;br&gt;hōng luò 薨落&lt;br&gt;hōng shì 薨逝&lt;br&gt;hōng xiè 薨謝&lt;br&gt;hōng yāo 薨夭&lt;br&gt;hōng yǎn 薨奄&lt;br&gt;hōng yǔn 薨隕／薨殞&lt;br&gt;hú sù ？？？ (Yi Xiwu)&lt;br&gt;huà 化 classical: "be transformed"&lt;br&gt;hún fǎn tài xū 魂返太虛 traditional folklore: "the male soul has returned to the Great Void"&lt;br&gt;hún guī dì fǔ 魂歸地府 "the soul reverts to the treasury of the earth"&lt;br&gt;hún shēng pò jiàng 魂升魄降 literary conceit:"the male soul rises (to heaven), the female sinks (into earth)&lt;br&gt;huáng quán dì xià 黃泉地下 "at the Yellow Springs, below the earth"&lt;br&gt;huáng quán zhī xià 黃泉之下 "be below the Yellow Springs"&lt;br&gt;huà hè 化鶴 "be transformed into a crane: die"&lt;br&gt;huà qióng shù jìn 化窮數盡 classical idiom:"the transformations are exhausted, the fate fulfilled" 家語&lt;br&gt;huà wéi yì wù 化為異物 "get transformed into another creature"&lt;br&gt;huàn huà 幻化 "be made empty and transformed: die"&lt;br&gt;huí lǎojiā 回老家 colloquial, jocular: "return to one's old home"&lt;br&gt;huí shǒu 回首 "turn one's head"&lt;br&gt;huī yǔn 灰殞 "die to become dust" Song 311, Sanguozhi&lt;br&gt;huíqùle 回去了 colloquial: "return"&lt;br&gt;huó mái 活埋 "be buried alive"&lt;br&gt;huò bǎo shǒu lǐng 獲保首領 （？？？？&lt;br&gt;jī hán ér sǐ 饑寒而死 "die of hunger and cold"&lt;br&gt;jī hèn ér shì 饑恨而逝？？？？&lt;br&gt;jì huángquán 及黃泉 traditional folklore: "return to the Yellow Springs"&lt;br&gt;jí miè 寂滅 "be extinguished into Nirvana"&lt;br&gt;jí shì 即世 Guoyu, Chu,xia，classical: "to to the generations"&lt;br&gt;jī zhì ér mò 齎志而沒 "die for one's cause"&lt;br&gt;jī zhì mò dì 齎志沒地 "disappear into the earth for one's cause"&lt;br&gt;jī zhì yǐ mò 齎志以歿 "die for one's cause"&lt;br&gt;jī zhì yǐ mò 齎志以歿 &lt;br&gt;juān bèi 捐背 Pan Yue, Song 311&lt;br&gt;jí zhōng 疾終 "die of a disease"&lt;br&gt;jiāng shǔ kuàng 將屬纊 classical, obsolete: "be about to go to the floss, be about to die"&lt;br&gt;jiāo gòu liáng běn 交購糧本 Song 315&lt;br&gt;jià bēng 駕崩 "die" (of kings)&lt;br&gt;jià bēng 駕崩 literary, of Emperor: "ride away and collapse????"&lt;br&gt;jià fǎn yáo chí 駕返瑤池trad. folklore: "drive back to the jade pond (where er of the West resides)"&lt;br&gt;jià hè 駕鶴 Taoist folklore: "get to ride the crane"&lt;br&gt;jià hōng 駕薨 "die" (of queens etc)&lt;br&gt;jiàn bèi 見背classical, obsolete:"show (properly: xiàn) one's back (as parents who die)" Song 311&lt;br&gt;jiàn fóyě qùle 見佛爺去了 "has gone to see the old Buddha"&lt;br&gt;jiàn huà 劍化 "die???" Han Yu, Song 311&lt;br&gt;jiàn Máo Zédōng 見毛澤東"visit Mao Zedong"&lt;br&gt;jiàn Mǎkèsī 見馬克思jocular: "visit Marx"&lt;br&gt;jiàn shàngdì 見上帝 jocular: "visit God"&lt;br&gt;jiàn wú cháng 見無常 literary: "visit Taoist deity of death (See Lu Xun's article on Wúcháng)"&lt;br&gt;jiàn Yánwáng qùle 見閻王去了 "has gone to see the Lord of Hell"&lt;br&gt;jiàn Yánwáng 見閻王literary: "visit the Lord of Hell"&lt;br&gt;jiàng 降 "of birds: sink down&amp;gt;to die"&lt;br&gt;jiě gǔ 解骨&lt;br&gt;jiě huà 解化 "be dissolved and transformed: die"&lt;br&gt;jiě jià 解駕&lt;br&gt;jiě tuō 解脫 colloquial: "take off one's clothes and slippers"&lt;br&gt;jiě xíng 解形&lt;br&gt;jìn huǒ huà chǎng 進火化場 Song 315&lt;br&gt;jìng yǐ shēn xùn 竟以身殉&lt;br&gt;jiǔ bìng ér wáng 久病而亡&lt;br&gt;jiǔ quán zhī xià 九泉之下？？？？&lt;br&gt;jiǔ yuán zhī xià 九原之下？？？&lt;br&gt;jiù huà 就化&lt;br&gt;jiù mìng 就命&lt;br&gt;jiù mù 就木 classical, obsolete: "approach the timber"&lt;br&gt;jiù shì 就世&lt;br&gt;jiù yì 就義 (Yi Xiwu) classical, obsolete: "move towards righteousness"&lt;br&gt;jù xīng yǔn luò 巨星殞落juān bīn kè 捐賓客&lt;br&gt;juān guǎn 捐館 (Yi Xiwu)juān bīn 捐賓&lt;br&gt;juān guǎn shè 捐館舍juān guǎn 捐館 "give up one's office: die"&lt;br&gt;juān hái 捐骸&lt;br&gt;juān jí 捐瘠&lt;br&gt;juān mìng 捐命 juān qū 捐軀 literary: "sacrifice one's life rather than compromise principles" Watters 281&lt;br&gt;juān shēn 捐身&lt;br&gt;juān shēng 捐生&lt;br&gt;juān shè 捐舍？？？&lt;br&gt;juān shì 捐世&lt;br&gt;jué mìng 絕命&lt;br&gt;jué qì 絕氣&lt;br&gt;jué shì 絕世 "cut off links with this world"&lt;br&gt;jué 絕&lt;br&gt;kāi táng pò dù 開膛破肚&lt;br&gt;kāng kǎi jiù yì 慷慨就義&lt;br&gt;kāng kǎi juān qū 慷慨捐軀"heroically sacrifice one's body"&lt;br&gt;kǎn tóu wā xīn 砍頭挖心&lt;br&gt;kǎo jiàng 考降 "lose one's father"&lt;br&gt;kǎo jìng 考竟 "die under interrogation" shiming, Song 312&lt;br&gt;kěsǐ 渴死 "die of thirst"&lt;br&gt;kè bì 溘斃&lt;br&gt;kè jìn 溘盡&lt;br&gt;kè rán cháng shì 濭然長逝&lt;br&gt;kè rán cháng shì 溘然長逝&lt;br&gt;kè rán ér qù 溘然而去&lt;br&gt;kè rán ér shì 溘然而逝&lt;br&gt;kè rán lí shì 溘然離世&lt;br&gt;kè rán 溘然&lt;br&gt;kè sāng 溘喪&lt;br&gt;kè shì 濭逝&lt;br&gt;kè shì 溘逝 "die a sudden death" Song 312&lt;br&gt;kè sǐ tā xiāng 客死他鄉 "die as a stranger in foreign parts"&lt;br&gt;kè sǐ zài wài 客死在外&lt;br&gt;kè xiè 溘謝&lt;br&gt;kū 枯 "dry up and die (of trees)"&lt;br&gt;kè xiè 溘謝 "take sudden leave" Song 312&lt;br&gt;kè yān cháng wǎng 溘焉長往&lt;br&gt;kè zhì 溘至&lt;br&gt;kū wěi 枯萎 "dry up and wither"&lt;br&gt;kuà hè xī yóu 跨鶴西遊traditional folklore: "wander west astride a crane"&lt;br&gt;kuà hè 跨鶴 "mount the crane" Song 312&lt;br&gt;lán cuī yù zhé 蘭摧玉折 Song 315&lt;br&gt;lán shuāi 蘭衰 "the orchids have gone" Song 312&lt;br&gt;láo lèi ér sǐ 勞累而死 "die exhausted"&lt;br&gt;lǎo le 老了&lt;br&gt;lí chén 離塵&lt;br&gt;lí kāi rén jiān 離開人間&lt;br&gt;lí kāi rén shì 離開人世&lt;br&gt;lí shì 離世 "depart from this world"&lt;br&gt;liáng le 涼了 Peking vulgarism: "get cold"&lt;br&gt;liàojuézǐle 撂蹶子了&lt;br&gt;liàole 撂了&lt;br&gt;liào tiáozi le 撂挑子了"cast off the carrying-pole"&lt;br&gt;lín zhōng 臨終 literary: "approach the end, be about to die"&lt;br&gt;líng huà 靈化 "undergo spiritual transformation" DC&lt;br&gt;líng luò 零落 "drop off"&lt;br&gt;líng xiè 零謝 "drop and say thank you"&lt;br&gt;lìng zhōng 令終 "die enjoying a good name" Song 312&lt;br&gt;líng zhùi 零墜 "drop and fall"&lt;br&gt;líng 零 "fall off, drie up (of grass etc.)???&lt;br&gt;liú fāng bǎi shì 流芳百世 "let one's fragrance waft over a hundred generations"&lt;br&gt;liú fāng qiān gǔ 流芳千古 "let one's fragrance waft as antiquity"&lt;br&gt;liú xuè xī shēng 流血犧牲 "shed one's blood and sacrifice one's life"&lt;br&gt;lóng yù bīn tiān 龍馭賓天 "of emperor: die" Song 314&lt;br&gt;lóng yù shàng bīn 龍馭上賓 "ride the dragon to become a guest above"&lt;br&gt;lóng yù shàng bīn 龍馭上賓 literary"ride the dragon and become a guest above"&lt;br&gt;lún mò 淪沒／輪歿 "go under"&lt;br&gt;lún shì 淪逝 "sink and disappear"&lt;br&gt;lù jìn 祿盡 literary: "have received one's last pay-check"&lt;br&gt;luò qì lí shì 落氣離世 literary idiom: "drop the spirit and leave the world"&lt;br&gt;luò shuǐ ér wáng 落水而亡 "fall into the water and disappear"&lt;br&gt;luò 落 "drop off and die (of leaves)"&lt;br&gt;luòtuo shàng chē le 駱馱上車了vulgarism, Peking: "the camel has got on the carriage"&lt;br&gt;mái yù 埋玉 "bury the jade" Song 312, jinshu&lt;br&gt;mài xián yādàn 賣咸鴨蛋 "sell the pickled duck's eggs" (Shanghai dialect)&lt;br&gt;mǎ gé guǒ shī 馬革裹尸&lt;br&gt;máng shè jì 氓社稷 "hf 6.1.9: die"&lt;br&gt;méi áoguòlái 沒熬過來&lt;br&gt;mǎ gé guǒ shī 馬革裹尸 "die in battle"&lt;br&gt;méi qìrle 沒氣兒了 colloquial: "already has no more life in him/her"méimìng 沒命 "have no more life in one"&lt;br&gt;mènsǐ 悶死 "die from lack of air"&lt;br&gt;miè dǐng 滅頂 "drown" Song 312&lt;br&gt;miè dù 滅度 "enter nihiliation into Nirvana"&lt;br&gt;miè huà 滅化 "be annihilated and transformed"&lt;br&gt;miè mò 滅沒 "be annihilated and disappear"&lt;br&gt;miè yì 滅抑 "be annihilated and suppressed"&lt;br&gt;miè yǔn 滅隕 "be annihilated"&lt;br&gt;miè 滅 "be extinguished"&lt;br&gt;mǐn mò 泯沒 "disappear into nothing"&lt;br&gt;mǐn shè jì 氓（泯）社稷 die for the nation (HF 6.1)&lt;br&gt;mǐn xiōng 愍凶 "have one's father die" Song 312&lt;br&gt;mǐn 泯 "vanish"&lt;br&gt;mìng fù huáng quán 命赴黃泉&lt;br&gt;mìng fù huáng quán 命赴黃泉literary: "go to the Yellow Springs in accordance with fate"&lt;br&gt;mìng guī huáng quán 命歸黃泉&lt;br&gt;mìng guī xī tiān 命歸西天&lt;br&gt;mìng rǎn huáng shā 命染黃沙&lt;br&gt;míng mù 暝目 classical: "close one's eyes, die"&lt;br&gt;mìng sàng huáng quán 命喪黃泉literary:"lose one's life to the Yellow Springs"&lt;br&gt;mìng yù zhōng shí 命欲終時 literary: "time is about to run out, be about to die" Watters 259&lt;br&gt;mìng zhōng 命終 (Yi Xiwu) literary: "allotted time is up"&lt;br&gt;mò dì 沒地 "disappear from the earth"&lt;br&gt;mò huà 沒化 "disappear and be transformed"&lt;br&gt;mò mìng 沒命 "disappear from life"&lt;br&gt;mò shì 沒世 "disappear from this world"&lt;br&gt;mò shì 歿世 "disappear from this world"&lt;br&gt;mò zhèn 沒陣 "disappear from the ranks"&lt;br&gt;mò 歿／沒 "go under, disappear"&lt;br&gt;mù jiě 木解 "disintegrate in the timber"&lt;br&gt;mù mù yǐ gǒng 墓木以拱&lt;br&gt;nǎo jiāng bēng liè 腦漿崩裂 "have one's brains spread in a violent death"&lt;br&gt;nì bì 溺斃 "die a sudden death by drowning"&lt;br&gt;nì sǐ 溺死 "drown and die"&lt;br&gt;nì 溺 "drown"&lt;br&gt;pá yāntóng 爬煙筩 "jocular: climb up the chimney"&lt;br&gt;péi bì 陪斃 "accompany someone in death" (action!)&lt;br&gt;pèng sǐ 碰死 "die by running into something"???&lt;br&gt;pī rán sàn 披然散&lt;br&gt;qí jī 騎箕 &lt;br&gt;qí jīng 騎鯨 Taoist folklore: "ride on the whale"&lt;br&gt;piē xià ér sūn 撇下兒孫 "leave one's offspring to their own devices"&lt;br&gt;pōu fù zì shā 剖腹自殺 "commit harakiri"&lt;br&gt;pù shī jiē tóu 暴尸街頭 "expose one's corpse and hang up one's skull"&lt;br&gt;pù shī kuàng yě 暴尸曠野 "expose one's corpse in the open countryside"&lt;br&gt;pù shī lù gǔ 暴尸露骨 "exposwe one's corpse"&lt;br&gt;qì bèi tiānxià 棄背天下 "leave the world alone"&lt;br&gt;qì dài 棄代 "discard things to be replaced???"&lt;br&gt;qì hái 棄骸 "discard one's skeleton"&lt;br&gt;qí jī 騎箕 Song 312, zhuang&lt;br&gt;qì juān 棄捐 "throw it in"&lt;br&gt;qì jué shēn wáng 氣絕身亡 "stop breathing and lose one's life"&lt;br&gt;qì jué 氣絕 "the breath is cut off"&lt;br&gt;qì lù 棄祿 "give up one's salary"&lt;br&gt;qì qū 棄軀 "give up one's body"&lt;br&gt;qì qún chén 棄群臣 "give up all one's servants"&lt;br&gt;qì sàn 氣散 "the vital spirits are dispersed"&lt;br&gt;qì shēn 棄身 "give up one's body"&lt;br&gt;qì shì 棄世 literary: "reject the world"&lt;br&gt;qì shì 棄市 classical: "be puclicly executed"&lt;br&gt;qì shì 棄逝 "give up and decease"&lt;br&gt;qǐ shǒu qǐ zú 啟手啟足 "spread one's arms and legs"&lt;br&gt;qǐ shǒu zú 啟手足 "die in good shape" Song 314&lt;br&gt;qǐ shǒu 啟手 "spread one's arms"&lt;br&gt;qì táng zhàng 棄堂帳 "give up one's hall and curtains"&lt;br&gt;qì tiānxià 棄天下 "discard the empire, (of emperors) die"&lt;br&gt;qì yǎng 棄養 "lose one's parents" Song 312 (death of others only, not a mode of dying)&lt;br&gt;qì zhāo 棄朝 "give up the court"&lt;br&gt;qí zhōng 齊終 "die at a ripe age"&lt;br&gt;qǐ zú 啟足 "spread one's legs"&lt;br&gt;qiān gǔ liú fāng 千古流芳&lt;br&gt;qiān gǔ 千古 literary: "go on to live forever in history"&lt;br&gt;qiān huà 遷化 classical: "be transformed"&lt;br&gt;qiān qiū wàn suì 千秋萬歲 "of emperor: die" Song 315, shiji&lt;br&gt;qiān qiū zhī hòu 千秋之後&lt;br&gt;qiān shén 遷神 "move one's spirit"&lt;br&gt;qiān shì 遷逝 "move and decease"&lt;br&gt;qiān xíng 遷形 "move one's physical shape"&lt;br&gt;qiāng bì 槍斃 "be assassinated"&lt;br&gt;qiāng jué 槍決 "be fusillated"&lt;br&gt;qiāo biànzi 翹辮子 Peking vulgarism: "tie up one's tail"&lt;br&gt;qiàole 翹了 "he has tied it up"&lt;br&gt;qiǎo rán shì qù 悄然逝去 "pass away quietly"&lt;br&gt;qiàn nu£ lí hún 倩女離魂&lt;br&gt;qiào jiǎo 翹腳 "die" Song 312&lt;br&gt;qīng bèi 傾背 "turn one's back"&lt;br&gt;qīng shì 傾世 "turn one's back on the world"&lt;br&gt;qīng shì 傾逝 "turn one's back and pass away"&lt;br&gt;qīng yú hóng máo 輕於鴻毛 "become lighter than feathers"&lt;br&gt;qīng 傾 "turn over, turn one's back"&lt;br&gt;qióng quán xiǔ huài 窮泉朽壞 "empty the springs and rot away"&lt;br&gt;qū sǐ huáng quán 屈死黃泉 "bend down and die at the Yellow Springs"&lt;br&gt;qū sǐ jiǔ quán 屈死九泉 "bend down and die at the Nine Springs"&lt;br&gt;qū tǐ jiāng zhí 軀體僵直 "become rigid in one's body"&lt;br&gt;qǔ yì 取義 literary: "choose rightness and sacrifice one's life (cf. meng)&lt;br&gt;qù shì 去世 "leave the world"&lt;br&gt;quán bù yù nàn 全部遇難 "encounter the total difficulty"&lt;br&gt;quán qí shǒu lǐng 全其首領&lt;br&gt;rǎn bìng shēn wáng 染病身亡 "die of a contageous disease"&lt;br&gt;rèsǐ 熱死 "die of heat"&lt;br&gt;rén zhī zhōng 人之終 classical: "the end of a man"&lt;br&gt;rù jì 入寂 Buddhist literary: "enter nirvana"&lt;br&gt;rù miè 入滅 literary, Buddhist: "enter extinction"&lt;br&gt;rù mù 入木 (李贄) classical, obsolete: "enter the timber"&lt;br&gt;rùtǔ 入土 literary: "enter the earth"&lt;br&gt;sān cháng liǎng duǎn 三長兩短 "meet an unexpected death" Song 315&lt;br&gt;sāng yú 桑榆 classical:"wavering between mulberries and elms, be on the point of death. Watters&lt;br&gt;sāng zhōng 喪鍾 "Song 312&lt;br&gt;sǎ shǒu guī xī 撒手歸西 "spread one's arms and return west"&lt;br&gt;sǎ shǒu xī qù 撒手西去literary: "shake one's hands and go west"&lt;br&gt;sàng mìng 喪命 "lose one's life"&lt;br&gt;sàng shēng 喪生 "lose one's life"&lt;br&gt;sàng wáng 喪亡 "be lost" &lt;br&gt;shā shén chéng rén 殺身成仁 "sacrifice one's life for benevolence"&lt;br&gt;shān gāo shuǐ dī 山高水低euphemistic: "mountains are high, the water low"&lt;br&gt;shān líng bēng 山陵崩 classical, obsolete: "the ruler died"&lt;br&gt;shān tuí mù huài 山頹木壞 "of a famous person: die" Song 315&lt;br&gt;shāng zhòng ér shì 傷中而逝 "die after injury"&lt;br&gt;shāng zhòng shēn wáng 傷中身亡 "disappear after injury"&lt;br&gt;shāng 殤 "die young"&lt;br&gt;shāo sǐ 燒死 "burn to death"&lt;br&gt;shàn zhōng zhèng qīn 善中正寖&lt;br&gt;shàng Bābǎoshān 上八寶山 new Peking colloquial: "go up Bābǎoshān"&lt;br&gt;shàng bīn 上賓 "of emperor: die" Song 312&lt;br&gt;shàng diào zì shā 上吊自殺 "hang oneself"&lt;br&gt;shàng diào上吊 "hang oneself"&lt;br&gt;shàng jiàn huáng dì 上見皇帝 "visit the emperor above"&lt;br&gt;shàng tiān 上天 literary: "go up to Heaven"&lt;br&gt;shàng tiāntáng 上天堂literary: "enter Paradise"&lt;br&gt;shàng xiān 上仙 Taoist folklore: "death of emperor", "rise to become an immortal"&lt;br&gt;shàng xiān 上仙 "rise to become an immortal"&lt;br&gt;shàng xītiān 上西天 "go up to Western Heaven"&lt;br&gt;shàng xītiān 上西天 literary: "rise to the Western Heaven"&lt;br&gt;shào nián diāo xiè 少年凋謝 "wither at a young age"&lt;br&gt;shēn bór le 伸脖兒了 Peking colloquialism: "stretch one's neck"&lt;br&gt;shēn gù 身故 (搜神記)classical, obsolete: "become a matter of the past as a person"&lt;br&gt;shēn shǒu fēn lí 身首分離 "have one's head separated from the body"&lt;br&gt;shēn shǒu yì chù 身首異處literary idiom: "body and head are in different places"&lt;br&gt;shēn sǐ 身死 classical: "die as a person"&lt;br&gt;shēn tuǐ 伸腿（兒） Peking colloquial: "stretch one's legs" chēntuǐr&lt;br&gt;shēn wáng 身亡 literary: "cease to exist as a person"&lt;br&gt;shēn zāo bù xìng 身遭不幸 "meet misfortune"&lt;br&gt;shēng duàn qì jué 聲斷氣絕 "cease to speak or breathe"&lt;br&gt;shēng tiān 升天 Taoist folklore: "rise to Heaven"&lt;br&gt;shēng xiá 升遐 Taoist folklore: "rise and ascend"&lt;br&gt;shēng 升 Taoist folklore: "(of emperor) rise up: die"&lt;br&gt;shēngxiān 昇仙 "rise as an immortal"&lt;br&gt;shě shēn 捨／舍身 "sacrifice one's life and die" Song 313&lt;br&gt;shě shēng qǔ yì 舍生取義&lt;br&gt;shě shòu 舍壽&lt;br&gt;shì cú 逝殂&lt;br&gt;shī gǔ biàn yě 尸骨遍野&lt;br&gt;shī gǔ chéng duī 尸骨成堆&lt;br&gt;shī gǔ wèi hán 尸骨未寒&lt;br&gt;shì jí 示寂 "of monk: die"&lt;br&gt;shī jiě 尸解&lt;br&gt;shī jiě 尸解 houhanshu, (Yi Xiwu) "be dismembered as a corpse"&lt;br&gt;shì miè 示滅 "of monk" die"&lt;br&gt;shì mò 逝沒&lt;br&gt;shì shì 逝世 "depart from this world"&lt;br&gt;shī shǒu zòng héng 尸首縱橫&lt;br&gt;shī tǐ láng jí 尸骨狼籍&lt;br&gt;shǒu shēn fēn lí 首身分離&lt;br&gt;shòu bì 瘦斃 literary: "die of ematiation"&lt;br&gt;shòu shǒu 授首 literary: "hand over one's head"&lt;br&gt;shòu sǐ yù zhōng 瘦死獄中&lt;br&gt;shòu zhōng zhèng qīn 壽終正寖 "die at ripe age at home" Song 315&lt;br&gt;shòu zhōng 壽終 literary: "lifetime finished"&lt;br&gt;shū 殊&lt;br&gt;shùn huà 順化 "follow the transformations"&lt;br&gt;shùn shì 順世 classical, obsolete: (Yi Xiwu) "follow the way of this world"&lt;br&gt;shuāi sǐ 摔死 "die as result of stumbling and falling"&lt;br&gt;shuǐ jiě 水解&lt;br&gt;sǐ bù jiàn shī 死不見尸&lt;br&gt;sǐ bù míng mù 死不瞑目&lt;br&gt;sǐ de hěn cǎn 死得很慘&lt;br&gt;sǐ de yuān wǎng 死得冤枉&lt;br&gt;sǐ dé guāng róng 死得光榮&lt;br&gt;sǐ dé qí suǒ 死得其所&lt;br&gt;sǐ dé zhuàng liè 死得壯烈&lt;br&gt;sǐ diào 死掉 "die off"&lt;br&gt;sǐ ér bù huǐ 死而不悔 "die without regrets"&lt;br&gt;sǐ ér wú yuàn 死而無怨 "die without resentment in one's heart"&lt;br&gt;sǐ miè 死滅 "die and be ruined"&lt;br&gt;sǐ qù 死去 "die and leave"&lt;br&gt;sǐ sāng 死喪&lt;br&gt;sǐ wáng 死亡 "die and cease to exist" [hf 11.6.30]&lt;br&gt;sǐ yě míng mù 死也瞑目&lt;br&gt;sǐ yú bào bìng 死於暴病&lt;br&gt;sǐ yú fēi mìng 死於非命 "die an unexpected death"&lt;br&gt;sǐ zài tā xiāng 死在他相 "die far from home"&lt;br&gt;sǐ zhōng 死終&lt;br&gt;suàn huóshí zhàng 算伙食帳 "informal: make one's final accounts, die"&lt;br&gt;suì shī wàn duàn 碎尸萬段&lt;br&gt;suí sǐ yóu cún 雖死猶存&lt;br&gt;suìshù zhōng 歲數終 literary: "one's allotted years are finished"&lt;br&gt;tāi bài 胎敗 classical, obsolete: "die in the womb"&lt;br&gt;Tài shān qí tuí 泰山其頹 "of a distinguished person: die" Song 315&lt;br&gt;tàngsǐ 燙死 "die of exposure to too hot liquid"&lt;br&gt;tiān dì bēng 天地崩 literary: "Heaven and Earth collapse, emperor dies"&lt;br&gt;tiān duó qí pò 天奪其魄traditional folklore: "Heaven has taken his female souls"&lt;br&gt;tiān gōu huò 填溝壑&lt;br&gt;tiān huò 填壑&lt;br&gt;tiānnián zhōng 天年終 literary: "one's heaven-assigned years are finished"&lt;br&gt;tián gōuhè 填溝壑 classical: zgc Zhao 4 "fill the ditches"&lt;br&gt;tīng lālāgū jiàohuàn qùle 聽啦啦蛄叫喚去了&lt;br&gt;tīng qūqūerjiàohuàn qùle 聽蛐蛐兒叫喚去了&lt;br&gt;tíng shī 挺尸 literary: "stretch out the dead body"&lt;br&gt;tíng tuǐr 挺腿兒 colloquial: "stretch out one's legs"&lt;br&gt;tóng guī yú jìn 同歸於盡&lt;br&gt;tóng guī yú jìn 同歸於盡literary: "converge on extinction"&lt;br&gt;tóu huán 投環 &lt;br&gt;tóu shuǐ 投水 "throw oneself into the water"&lt;br&gt;tóu shuǐ zì jìn 投水自盡&lt;br&gt;tú cháng jué fèi 屠腸掘肺&lt;br&gt;tù xuè ér wáng 吐血而亡&lt;br&gt;tuì huà 蛻化 "Taoist: be transformed, i.e. die"&lt;br&gt;tuì wěi 蛻委&lt;br&gt;tuì 蛻&lt;br&gt;tuō huà 脫化 "be transformed"&lt;br&gt;wán dàn 完蛋 colloquial: "finish the egg"&lt;br&gt;wáng gù 亡故 literary: "cease to exist and become a matter of the past"&lt;br&gt;wáng guò 亡過 disappear and pass on&lt;br&gt;wáng huà 亡化 disappear and be transformed&lt;br&gt;wáng mǐn 亡泯 disappear and vanish&lt;br&gt;wáng mìng tiān yái 亡命天涯&lt;br&gt;wáng mò 亡沒／亡歿 cease to exist and go under&lt;br&gt;wáng shēn 亡身&lt;br&gt;wáng shì 亡逝 disappear and die&lt;br&gt;wáng sǐ 亡死 disappear and die&lt;br&gt;wáng 亡 cf. 父母雙亡"cease to exist"&lt;br&gt;wánr wán 玩兒完 Peking colloquial: "the game is over"&lt;br&gt;wǎn chū 晚出&lt;br&gt;wǎn jià 晚駕&lt;br&gt;wǎng huà 往化&lt;br&gt;wǎng shì 往逝&lt;br&gt;wǎng 往 pass on&lt;br&gt;wàn shì jù liǎo 萬事俱了&lt;br&gt;wàn shì zhī hòu 萬世之後&lt;br&gt;wéi shì 違世&lt;br&gt;wěi lí 委離&lt;br&gt;wěi shì 委世&lt;br&gt;wěi 萎 "wither and die" (of plants)&lt;br&gt;wěn jǐng zì shā 刎頸自殺&lt;br&gt;wèi guó juān qū 為國捐軀&lt;br&gt;wèi zuì zì shā 畏罪自殺&lt;br&gt;wú bìng ér wáng 無病而亡&lt;br&gt;wú bìng ér zhōng 無病而終&lt;br&gt;wú cháng dào 無常到&lt;br&gt;wūhū āizāi 烏呼哀哉 literary euphemism: "alack and alas"&lt;br&gt;wù gù 物故 literary: "the creature is a matter of the past"&lt;br&gt;wù huà 物化 "be transformed as a creature, die" &lt;br&gt;xī qù 西去 colloquial: "has gone west"&lt;br&gt;xī shēng shēng mìng 犧牲生命&lt;br&gt;xī shēng 犧牲 formal: die a hero's death&lt;br&gt;xiān fù juān guǎn 先父捐館&lt;br&gt;xiān huà 仙化&lt;br&gt;xiān qù 仙去 Taoist literary: "has left to become an immortal"&lt;br&gt;xiān shēng 仙升&lt;br&gt;xiān shì 仙世&lt;br&gt;xiān shì 仙逝 Taoist literary: "has left as an immortal"&lt;br&gt;xiān yóu 仙遊 Taoist literary: "is wandering about as an immortal"&lt;br&gt;xiāng jì ér wáng 相繼而亡&lt;br&gt;xiāng jì qù shì 相繼去世&lt;br&gt;xiāng xiāo yù sǔn 香消玉損&lt;br&gt;xiāng xiāo yù suì 香消玉碎&lt;br&gt;xiāng xiāo yù yǔn 香消玉殞&lt;br&gt;xiāng xiāo yù yǔn 香消玉殞&lt;br&gt;xiānqù 仙去 "leave as an immortal"&lt;br&gt;xiānshì 仙逝 "depart as an immortal"&lt;br&gt;xiānyóu 仙遊 "travel off as an immortal"&lt;br&gt;xiá jǔ 遐舉 "euphemistic: rise up, die"&lt;br&gt;xiá 遐 classical, obsolete: "rise up"&lt;br&gt;xiǎo wū 小污&lt;br&gt;xià shāng 下傷 "die young between the age of eight and ten"&lt;br&gt;xià shì 下世&lt;br&gt;xià shì 下世 "has gone down from this world"&lt;br&gt;xià sǐ 嚇死 "1. be absolutely terrified; 2. die of extreme fear"&lt;br&gt;xiào sǐ jiāng chǎng 效死疆場&lt;br&gt;xiè bīnkè 謝賓客&lt;br&gt;xiè chényuán 謝塵緣&lt;br&gt;xiè mò 謝歿&lt;br&gt;xiè shí 謝時 take leave from timely existence&lt;br&gt;xiè shì 謝世 "has said farewell to this world"&lt;br&gt;xīn hūn cù zú 新婚猝卒&lt;br&gt;xíng jiāng jiù mù 行將就木literary: "is approaching the timber"&lt;br&gt;xíng jiě 形解 "have one's body dissolved"&lt;br&gt;xíng shén lí 形神離 "separation of mind and body"&lt;br&gt;xiōng duǎn zhé 凶短折 "die an unfortunate early death" Song 314&lt;br&gt;xiōng guī 凶歸 "return the inauspicious way";&lt;br&gt;xiōng sǐ 凶死&lt;br&gt;xiu 1xí 休息 colloqial euphemism: "rest, be dead"&lt;br&gt;xiū wén 修文 "of literary men: revise one's writings" Song 313&lt;br&gt;xūn sǐ 薰死 "die of smoke, asphyxication"&lt;br&gt;xùn dào 殉道 lit.: "die for one's belief"&lt;br&gt;xùn guó 殉國 lit.: "die for one's country"&lt;br&gt;xùn nàn 殉難 lit.: "die for a worthy and difficult cause"&lt;br&gt;xùn qíng 殉情 lit.: "die for the sake of love"&lt;br&gt;xùn xiào 殉教 lit.: "die for one's religion"&lt;br&gt;xùn zhí 殉職 lit.: "die in fulfilment of one's public duty"&lt;br&gt;xuán liáng zì jìn 懸梁自盡&lt;br&gt;xxx xxx&lt;br&gt;yānsǐ 淹死 lit.: "drown"&lt;br&gt;yāo chài 夭瘥&lt;br&gt;yāo cú 夭殂 literary: "die early"&lt;br&gt;yāo cù 夭促 lit.: "die abruptly and early"&lt;br&gt;yāo duǎn 夭短 lit.: "be cut short early"&lt;br&gt;yāo é 夭閼 lit.: "die early"&lt;br&gt;yāo è 夭閼&lt;br&gt;yāo è 夭遏&lt;br&gt;yāo hūn 夭昏 lit.: "die early" zuo, Song 314&lt;br&gt;yāo jí 夭疾 lit.: "die young of disease"&lt;br&gt;yāo jiē 夭瘥 lit.: "die young of disease"&lt;br&gt;yāo jù 夭遽&lt;br&gt;yāo jué 夭絕 lit.: "die early"&lt;br&gt; yāo lì 夭厲 lit.: "die early, an unnatural death" (Xiandai Hanyu da cidian)&lt;br&gt;yāo mò 夭歿 lit.: "die early"&lt;br&gt;yāo sāng 夭喪&lt;br&gt;yāo shāng 夭殤 lit.: "die early"&lt;br&gt;yāo shì 夭世 "die early" Watters 277&lt;br&gt;yāo shì 夭逝 lit.: "die early"&lt;br&gt;yāo shòu 夭壽 lit.: "die early"&lt;br&gt;yāo sǐ 夭死 lit.: "die early"&lt;br&gt;yāo suì 夭遂 lit.: "pass away young"&lt;br&gt;yāo wáng 夭亡 lit.: "die early and be nor"&lt;br&gt;yāo wǎng 夭枉 lit.: "die young, unjustly"&lt;br&gt;yāo xiè 夭謝 lit.: "die early and take leave"&lt;br&gt;yāo yāng 夭殃&lt;br&gt;yāo yì 夭疫&lt;br&gt;yāo yì 夭疫 lit.: "die young of pest"&lt;br&gt;yāo zhá 夭札 lit.: "zuo: die early of the pest"&lt;br&gt;yāo zhé 夭折 lit.: "die early"&lt;br&gt;yāo 夭 classical: "die young"&lt;br&gt;yáng shòu yǐ mǎn 陽壽已滿&lt;br&gt;yáng shòu yǐ zhōng 陽壽已終&lt;br&gt;yáo le 搖了 lit.: "has shaken it????"&lt;br&gt;yǎn gé 奄隔&lt;br&gt;yǎn hū 奄忽 houhanshu, Song 314&lt;br&gt;yǎn lún 奄淪&lt;br&gt;yǎn qì 奄棄&lt;br&gt;yǎn rán 奄然&lt;br&gt;yǎnr hóule 眼兒猴了 "smallest number in dice game"]]]&lt;br&gt;yǎn shì 奄逝&lt;br&gt;yà sǐ 軋死 lit.: "die in traffic accident"yàn dài 厭代 (Yi Xiwu)&lt;br&gt;yàn guī 晏歸&lt;br&gt;yàn jià 晏駕&lt;br&gt;yàn jià 晏駕 zgc, Qin 5&lt;br&gt;yàn qìr 咽氣兒 vulgar: "has gulped down the vital energy"&lt;br&gt;yàn shì 厭世 literary: "has got fed up with this world"&lt;br&gt;yǐ guī Dào shān 已歸道山 "have returned to Mount Dao" Song 315&lt;br&gt;yǐ jiàn gòuyǐn zhī guǐ 已見勾引之鬼 lit.: "has already gone to see the Gòuyǐn spirit"&lt;br&gt;yī liǎo bǎi liǎo 一了百了&lt;br&gt;yī míng bù jiàn 一瞑不見lit.: "has closed his eyes not to see again"&lt;br&gt;yī míng bù shì 一瞑不視 "close one's eyes forever"&lt;br&gt;yī mìng guī tiān 一命歸天 lit.: "having completed his fated years he has returned to Heaven"&lt;br&gt;yī míng guī xī 一命歸西 lit.: "having completed his fated years he has returned westwards"&lt;br&gt;yī mìng wūhū 一命烏呼 classical: "having completed his fated years, alas! alas!"&lt;br&gt;yí qì 遺棄&lt;br&gt;yǐ shēn bào guó 以身報國&lt;br&gt;yǐ shēn xǔ guó 以身許國&lt;br&gt;yǐ shēn xùn guó 以身殉國&lt;br&gt;yǐ shēn xùn zhí 以身殉職 "sacrifice one's life in the performance of official duty" Song 315&lt;br&gt;yí shì 遺世&lt;br&gt;yí xíng 遺形&lt;br&gt;yì yù ér sǐ 抑鬱而死&lt;br&gt;yì zuò 易簀 classical diǎngù 典故: "arrange the sleeping mat properly (like 曾子), die"&lt;br&gt;yīn bìng chū quē 因病出缺 literary: "default because of illness"&lt;br&gt;yīn bìng qù shì 因病去世&lt;br&gt;yīn bìng shēn gù 因病身故&lt;br&gt;yǐn dàn 飲彈 "drink the bullet"&lt;br&gt;yǐn hèn ér zhōng 飲恨而終&lt;br&gt;yǐn hèn jiǔ quán 飲恨九泉&lt;br&gt;yǐn shēn 飲鴆 "drink poison"&lt;br&gt;yǐn shǐ 飲矢 lit.: "drink the arrow"&lt;br&gt;yīng yǒng jiù yì 英勇就義&lt;br&gt;yīng yǒng juān qū 英勇捐軀&lt;br&gt;yīng yǒng xī shēng 英勇犧牲&lt;br&gt;yīng yǒng xiàn shēn 英勇獻身&lt;br&gt;yǐnhuà 隱化&lt;br&gt;yìsǐ 疫死 lit.: "die of the pest"&lt;br&gt;yóu dài 游岱&lt;br&gt;yóu huì 尤諱 Song 314&lt;br&gt;yǒng bié 永別 lit.: "depart forever"&lt;br&gt;yǒng chuí bù xiǔ 永垂不朽&lt;br&gt;yǒng cí 永辭&lt;br&gt;yǒng jué 永訣&lt;br&gt;yǒng méi 永眉 &lt;br&gt;yǒng mián 永眠 lit.: "sleep forever"&lt;br&gt;yǒng miǎn dì xià 永眠地下&lt;br&gt;yǒng shì 永逝 lit.: "depart forever"&lt;br&gt;yǒng yuǎn cháng mián 永遠長眠&lt;br&gt;yǒng zhē 永螫&lt;br&gt;yǒu bìng ér zhōng 有病而終&lt;br&gt;yòu nián zǎo shì 幼年早逝&lt;br&gt;yòu zǐ zǎo shāng 幼子早殤&lt;br&gt;yún yù 雲馭&lt;br&gt;yǔ huà 羽化 Taoist folklore: "grow wings and be transformed"&lt;br&gt;yǔ shì cháng cí 與世長辭"take a permanent farwell with the world"&lt;br&gt;yǔhuà 羽化 "be transformed with wings"&lt;br&gt;yǔn bèi 隕背&lt;br&gt;yǔn bì 隕斃／殞斃&lt;br&gt;yǔn dùi 隕隊&lt;br&gt;yǔn líng 隕零&lt;br&gt;yǔn luò 隕落／殞落&lt;br&gt;yǔn mìng 隕命／殞命&lt;br&gt;yǔn mìng 殞命 lit.: "lose one's life"&lt;br&gt;yǔn mò 隕沒／殞沒／殞歿&lt;br&gt;yǔn péi 隕陪&lt;br&gt;yǔn pū 隕仆&lt;br&gt;yǔn quē 隕缺&lt;br&gt;yǔn sāng 隕喪&lt;br&gt;yǔn shēn 隕身&lt;br&gt;yǔn shì 隕世&lt;br&gt;yǔn shì 殞逝&lt;br&gt;yǔn shǒu 隕首 Song 314, Li Mi&lt;br&gt;yǔn xiè 隕謝&lt;br&gt;yǔn yuè 隕越／殞越&lt;br&gt;yǔn 隕 "classical: die"&lt;br&gt;yǔn 殞 classical: "fall; die"&lt;br&gt;yù cì shēn wáng 遇刺身亡 "be assassinated with a knife"&lt;br&gt;yù cì 遇刺 lit.: "meet the knife-edge"&lt;br&gt;yù hài 遇害 lit.: "meet harm"&lt;br&gt;yù lóu fù zhào 玉樓赴召 "respond to the summons to the Jade House" Song 315&lt;br&gt;yù lóu xiū jì 玉樓修記 （辭類）&lt;br&gt;yù nàn 遇難 "die through external trouble"&lt;br&gt;yù suì zhū chén 玉碎珠沈 "of beautiful woman: die" Song 316&lt;br&gt;yù suì 玉碎 "literary periphrastic: the jade gets smashed, die" Song 314&lt;br&gt;yù xiǎn xiōng sǐ 遇險凶死&lt;br&gt;yù yǔn xiāng xiāo 玉殞香消&lt;br&gt;yuánjí 圓寂 "become complete and then peaceful"&lt;br&gt;zāo dào àn shā 遭到暗殺 "get murdered"&lt;br&gt;zǎo shì 早世, Song 314, Han Yu&lt;br&gt;zǎo shì 早逝 "die early"&lt;br&gt;zǎo yǐ bìng gù 早已病故 "die early of a disease"&lt;br&gt;zǎo yǐ wáng gù 早已亡故 "meet an early death"&lt;br&gt;zǎo yǐ zuò gǔ 早已作古 "meet an early death"&lt;br&gt;zǎoshì 早世 "die early"&lt;br&gt;zhā 札 "die of pestilence" Watters 279&lt;br&gt;zhàn mò 戰歿 lit.: "die in battle" (classical)&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn hǎi dǐ 葬身海底 "drown in the sea"&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn hé dǐ 葬身河底 "drown in a river"&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn hú dǐ 葬身湖底 "drown in a lake"&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn huǒ hǎi 葬身火海&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn shuǐ dǐ 葬身水底 "die on the seas"&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn yīng fù 葬身鷹腹 "die in the open countryside without getting buried"&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn yú fù 葬身魚腹 "die on the seas"&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn yú fù 葬身魚腹literary idiom: "bury one's body in the stomach of a fish"&lt;br&gt;zàng shēn zé guó 葬身澤國 "die for one's country"&lt;br&gt;zàng yù mái xiāng 葬玉埋香 "bury jade and bury incense"&lt;br&gt;zhá chài 札瘥 "die of the pest" Song 314&lt;br&gt;zhá lì 札癘 "die of the pest" Song 314&lt;br&gt;zhàn sǐ 戰死 "die in battle"&lt;br&gt;zhàn wáng 戰亡 lit.: "cease to exist in battle"&lt;br&gt;zhàng bì 杖斃 lit.: "be beaten to death"&lt;br&gt;zhé rén qí wěi 哲人其萎 "die as a sage"&lt;br&gt;zhèn wáng 陣亡 lit.: "die in battle" Watters 280&lt;br&gt;zhèn yì 陣歿 lit.: "die in action"&lt;br&gt;zhèng fǎ 正法 lit.: "be executed according to the law"&lt;br&gt;zhèng mìng 正命 "fulfill one's mission"&lt;br&gt;zhèng zhōng 正終 "die at a ripe age" Song 312&lt;br&gt;zhì 陟 lit: "ascend, die" zhushujinian&lt;br&gt;zhì yú dà gù 至於大故 classical idiom: "reach the great event, i.e. die" meng 3á&lt;br&gt;zhōng 終 "come to an end, finish" Zhouli&lt;br&gt;zhōng dàn shēn wáng 中彈身亡 "get killed by a bullet"&lt;br&gt;zhōng míng lòu jìn 鍾鳴漏盡 Song 316&lt;br&gt;zhōng mò 終歿／終沒 "come to an end"&lt;br&gt;zhōng qí shòu 終其壽 lit.: "finish one's life:die"&lt;br&gt;zhōng shàn 終善 classical euphemism: "die after achieving good things"&lt;br&gt;zhōng 終 "finish"&lt;br&gt;zhōu fù shēn wáng 舟覆身亡 "be killed &lt;br&gt;zhòng dàn ér sǐ 中彈而死 "be killed by a bullet"&lt;br&gt;zhòng dú ér sǐ 中毒而死 "be poisoned to death"&lt;br&gt;zhù xiāo hù kǒu 注銷戶口 "informal: die" Song 316&lt;br&gt;zhuǎn sǐ gōu huò 轉死溝壑 "die in the gutters"&lt;br&gt;zhuàng liè xī shēng 壯烈犧牲 "die a heroe's death"&lt;br&gt;zhuàng liè xī shēng 狀烈犧牲lit.: "sacrifice one's life in a glorious battle"&lt;br&gt;zhuàngsǐ 撞死 "die in accident"&lt;br&gt;zì shā shēn wáng 自殺身亡 "die as a result of suicide"&lt;br&gt;zì shā 自殺 "commit suicide"&lt;br&gt;zì tóu 自投 "drown oneself" hf 10.5.53&lt;br&gt;zǐ yù chéng yān 紫玉成煙 "of beautiful lady: die" Song 316, soushenji.&lt;br&gt;zǒu le 走了 "colloquial: go one's way, die"&lt;br&gt;zǒu xiàng zuì hoù de jié jú 走向最後的結局&lt;br&gt;zú 卒 "end"&lt;br&gt;zuò gǔ 作古 lit.: "become a matter of antiquity"&lt;br&gt;zuò huà 坐化 "Buddhist: die peacefully"&lt;br&gt;zuò huà 坐化 "sit and be transformed"&lt;br&gt;zuò yì wù 作異物 lit.: "become a different creature"<br><div><br></div><div>鮑延毅《死雅》北京:中國大百科全書出版社, 2006 has many more entries with references.<br>易熙吾，《整理古今詞彙提綱》，in 文字改革論文集，上海：東方書店，１９５５ gives 203 expressions for to die in "to die". <br>何明廷，《死的別名和委婉說法》，修辭學研究 ２， 安徽教育出版社，1983: 328-338<br>金受申，《北京話語彙》, Peking: 1965</div><div><br></div><div>Chiao Wei, "Zum Wortfeld 'Tod' im Chinesischen", Monumenta Serica ca. 1982, pp. 339-391 gives an interesting cultural survey.<br>T. Watters, Essays on the Chinese Language, Shanghai: Presbyterian Mission Press, 1889, especially pp. 252-279 has to be used with care because it is full of misprinted characters.<br>See also:<br>Paul Demiéville, Poemes chinois d'avant la mort, Paris 1984<br>Alan Bisbort, Famous Last Words<br>Martin Crowley, Dying Words, The Last Moments of Writers and Philosophers, Amsterdam: Edition Rodopi, 2000<br>Claude Aveline, Les mots de la fin, Paris: Hachette 1957<br>E. S. LaComte, Dictionary of Last Words, New York: Philosophical Library, 1955<br>Death: Antiquity and Its Legacy (Ancients &amp; Moderns) by Mario Erasmo (Feb 1, 2012) <br>Death in Ancient Rome by Catharine Edwards (Aug 1, 2007) <br>Roman Death: The Dying and the Dead in Ancient Rome [Hardcover]</div>rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
DEATH
mors is the ordinary word for death.
letum is a poetic and solemn expression for the lot of death.
nex refers to violent death.
obitus is a euphemistic word for death.
interitus is a dignified word for sudden or violent death.
DIE
perire represents death as destruction and corruption.
interire represents death as a vanishing.
obire mortem is a polite circumscription.
oppetere mortem is death as sought by someone by deliberate action.
demori refers to death insofar as it creates a vacancy in society.
intermori is to hover on the verge to death.
emori refers to dying irrevocably, after some uncertainty about life or death.
MORS
TOD
JENSEITSVORSTELLUNGEN
TOD
TODESTAG
GROUP 5: DEATH
1. WL 12 considers the relevant primary meaning of wa2ng 亡 to be "go into exile" and derives the current reference to death from this. This is certainly less than plausible. There is nothing plausible in the construction of death as exile, but wa2ng 亡 currently means "to be lost, to go lost", and that is indeed the much more likely source of the reference to death, pace Dua4n Yu4ca2i. Incidentally, wu2 亡 "be no more, cease to exist" would have been the much more plausible derivation, but there is no doubt that wa2ng 亡 is the word that refers to death, and not wu2 亡. And since as a rule we have no sound basis on which to decide which reading must apply in a given context, this makes discussion of examples excruciatingly difficult, but not actually the quotation adduced by WL: 今亡亦死 "If we run away not we shall die (and if we carry out our big plan we shall also die)". The problem here is that wa2ng 亡 does not have the relevant meaning of death at all. Thus the example is irrelevant.
DEATH
TREPAS.MORT.DECES
Words (126 items)
死 sǐ OC: pliʔ MC: si 234 Attributions
The dominant general word is sǐ 死 (ant. shēng 生"be alive"), and this can refer to the death of plants as well as animals or men.
- Word relations
- Result: 壓/SQUEEZE
The current general word for the exercise of pressure downwards in any concrete or abstract sense is yā 壓, and the word is not a success verb. - Result: 枯 / 枯㱠/DRY
Gǎo 槁 and kū 枯 (ant. rùn 潤 "lush") are common words referring specifically to dryness of trees and sometimes other plants. - Result: 溺/DROWN
The current general word for seeking death by drowning or dying through drowning is nì 溺. - Result: 飢/HUNGRY
The most common current and general word for insufficiency of food supplies is probably jī 飢 (ant. bǎo 飽 "have eaten enough"), and this word refers to any such insufficiency, temporary or lasting, serious or minor. Presumably, the word can also refer to insufficiency of food among animals. - Result: 餓/HUNGRY
È 餓 refers to famine as a serious condition threatening the lives of the persons involved. - Result: 饑/HUNGRY
Jī 饑 (NOT ANCIENTLY HOMOPHONOUS WITH 飢 in ancient Chinese), and the rarer jín 饉 as well as the very rare qiàn 歉 refer to insufficiency of food as a result of bad harvest. - Ant: 活/LIVE
Huó 活 (ant. sǐ 死) specifically refers to the state of being alive when one might have been dead, and strongly connotes not only a failure to die but also the continued existence of life energy. - Ant: 生/LIVE
The current standard word for being alive is shēng 生 (ant. sǐ 死 "be dead"). - Object: 效/RISK
- Object: 昧/RISK
- Object: 臨/APPROACH
Lín 臨 is often used in ways characteristic of the dignified court style, but the word also commonly refers to getting close to a place or time in a natural course of events. [ELEVATED!], [GENERAL] - Object: 輕 / 輕/DESPISE
The most widely used general word for contempt is qīng 輕 (ant. zhòng 重 "rate as important"), and the word typically describes an attitude based on a critical judgment. See also UNIMPORTANT - Epithet: 夭/EARLY
Yāo 夭 refers specifically to prematureness of death. - Contrast: 卒/DIE
Zú 卒 is specifically the death of a common citizen, but also used to refer to the death of senior persons like dukes. - Contrast: 薨/DIE
Hōng 薨 and cú 殂/徂 refers to the death of a senior official. - Contrast: 亡/DISAPPEAR
The dominant word for ceasing to exist is wáng 亡 (and there is no early evidence for the reading wú 亡). - Contrast: 終/DIE
- Assoc: 亡/DIE
Wáng 亡 "cease to be" is a polite and periphrastic way of referring to death.
- Syntactic words
- nab(post-N)N's deathDS
- nab(post-N)processone's death
- nab[.post-N](my) death
- nabeventdeath, also abstract: the fact of dying; mode of dying
- nabeventDeath
- v[adN]nonreferentiala dead person; a person in the state after death (contrast CORPSE)
- vadN死人"dead person": dead; deceased; who has died
- vadNfigurativedead (as of ashes etc); death-like; indicative of death
- vadNfigurativerelated to dying (死地: place where dying takes place)
- vadNfuturedestined to die (or be executed); due to be executed
- vadVafter death to V
- vadVin death (to have peace of mind etc)CH
- vadVrisking death, at great risk to their livesCH
- vi.post-V{PASSIVE}殺死"be murdered": die by being V-edCH
- viactsacrifice/give one's life
- vichangedie; be about to die
- vieventapproach death, be close to death
- vifigurativefade; witherDS
- vifuturewill die (implicit future)
- vifuture, by executionwill die, will be executed; must dieCH
- vigeneraldie outCH
- viprocessbe in the process of dying
- vistativebe dead
- visubject=inanimate"die"
- vpostadVuntil one's death, to death
- vt(oN)die for the contextually determinate object
- vt(oN)fromdie from N (so as to leave N bereaved)
- vt+prep+Npassivedie at the hands of N
- vt[oN]actchoose to die for one's cause FAYAN 21.1:或死或亡 "some chose death [for a cause],
- vtoNdie for (a ruler etc); sacrifice one's life in the cause or service of N
- vtoNdie of N(disease, worry)CH
- vtoNcausativecause to die> lead into death
- vtoNN=abstractdie for (an ideal etc); give one's life on an occasion that required this sacrifice
- vtoNN=murdererdie at the hands of 未知鹿死誰手 "one does not know yet at whose hands the deer will die"
- vtoNN=occasion/causedie in the course of (tasks for/service for the king etc); dies as a result of/in the process of (political disorder)
- vtoNN=placedie at (a place)
- vtoNobject=occasiondie (on an occasion)
- vtoNpassive請死 be killed, be put to death
- vtoNpermissivepermit to die
- vtoNsuicidecommit suicide for, sacrifice one's life for
- vt＋prep＋N{PLACE}die in NCH
死亡 sǐ wáng OC: pliʔ maŋ MC: si mi̯ɐŋ 59 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NP[adN]those who are prepared for death??
- NPab.adNdoomed to die See also: 不死亡之相
- NPabprocessdeath
- NPadNdoomed to lead to death and ruinCH
- VPiactsacrifice one's life; risk one's life
- VPiresultativedie; come to die in one way or another
卒 zú OC: skud MC: tsʷit 50 Attributions
Zú 卒 is specifically the death of a common citizen, but also used to refer to the death of senior persons like dukes.
- Word relations
- Contrast: 死/DIE
The dominant general word is sǐ 死 (ant. shēng 生"be alive"), and this can refer to the death of plants as well as animals or men.
- Syntactic words
- nabeventdeath
- vichangecome to an end> die
- vichangedie (of Duke Wen of Jin, or of prince, sage etc)
- vtoNdeclarativedeclare to have died by using the word zú
沒 mò OC: mɯɯd MC: muot
歿 mò OC: mɯɯd MC: muot 32 Attributions
Mò 沒/歿 (ant. cún 存 "survive") and zhōng 終are abstract elevated, polite words to use about the death of a significant person.
- Word relations
- Ant: 在/LIVE
Cún 存 (ant. wáng 亡) and zài 在 (ant. mò 沒/歿 "go under") refer to continuing in the state of being alive, but the word also refers to continued existence in general. - Ant: 存/PERSIST
The current general word for the persistence of something is cún 存(ant. wáng 亡 "cease to exist"). - Assoc: 滅/DESTROY
Miè 滅 refers to the physical destruction of cities or states, and the word implies the use of external military force, and typically military resistance.
- Syntactic words
- nabprocessdeath
- vadVuntil death of
- vichangedie; have died, be dead
- vichangedie a natural death
- vistativehave died, be dead
薨 hōng OC: hmɯɯŋ MC: həŋ 31 Attributions
Hōng 薨 and cú 殂/徂 refers to the death of a senior official.
- Word relations
- Subject: 王/KING
The general term for a king of any kind is wáng 王, and in Warring States times this term can refer to all sovereign rulers, even the Son of Heaven. - Contrast: 死/DIE
The dominant general word is sǐ 死 (ant. shēng 生"be alive"), and this can refer to the death of plants as well as animals or men. - Synon: 崩/DIE
Bēng 崩refers to the death of an emperor.
- Syntactic words
- nabeventdeath of a feudal lord or senior official
- vichangeof senior officials: die [occasionally also used to refer to the death of an emperor]
崩 bēng OC: pɯɯŋ MC: pəŋ 22 Attributions
Bēng 崩refers to the death of an emperor.
- Syntactic words
- nabeventdeath of king or emperor
- vichangeof emperor or king: die
- visubject=non-ruler(of non-ruler) die
- vtoNdeclarativedeclare to have died
滅度 miè dù OC: med ɡ-laaɡs MC: miɛt duo̝ 19 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPabbuddhistBUDDH: go into extinction > Nirvāṇa
- VPadNhaving achieved salvation
- VPiresultativeBUDDH: be annihilated so as to achieve deliverance
殉 xùn OC: sɢʷlins MC: zʷin 16 Attributions
- "Sachwoerterbuch zum Alten China"
(
UNGER SACH)
p.
GRABGELEITE
- Syntactic words
- nabwhat one dies forCH
- nabactthe striving after things so as to sacrifice one's life for a cause
- viactsacrifice oneself for a cause
- vtoNaccompany in death; die for; die for the cause of
終 zhōng OC: tjuŋ MC: tɕuŋ 15 Attributions
- Word relations
- Contrast: 死/DIE
The dominant general word is sǐ 死 (ant. shēng 生"be alive"), and this can refer to the death of plants as well as animals or men.
- Syntactic words
- n(post-N.)adVN=subjectuntil N's deathDS
- nabend> deathCH
- vichangedie
- vt prep N{PLACE}die in the place NCH
命終 mìng zhōng OC: mɢreŋs tjuŋ MC: mɣaŋ tɕuŋ 14 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPichangeend one's life
遷化 qiān huà OC: tshen hŋʷraals MC: tshiɛn hɣɛ 11 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPadNprocessBUDDH: move and transform > dying; passing away
- VPiprocessBUDDH: move and transform (into nirvāṇa) > die, pass away
夭 yāo OC: qrowʔ MC: ʔiɛu 11 Attributions
Yāo (old: yǎo) 夭 , yǎo 殀 and shāng 殤 (ant. shòu 壽 "long-lived") refer to an early and not just untimely death.
- Syntactic words
- nabstativeshort-livedness
- vichangedie before one has reached old age (ca. 50); die young
- vt+Ndie young at the hands of; die young cut down by
- vtoNcausativekill at a young age
夭死 yāo sǐ OC: qrowʔ pliʔ MC: ʔiɛu si 9 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPidie young
亡 wáng OC: maŋ MC: mi̯ɐŋ 9 Attributions
Wáng 亡 "cease to be" is a polite and periphrastic way of referring to death.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 敗/DEFEAT
The current general word for defeating someoneor some state in any form of battle is bài 敗. - Assoc: 死/DIE
The dominant general word is sǐ 死 (ant. shēng 生"be alive"), and this can refer to the death of plants as well as animals or men.
- Syntactic words
- nabprocessdeath
- vichangedie
即世 jí shì OC: tsɯɡ lʰebs MC: tsɨk ɕiɛi 9 Attributions
Jí22 shì 即世 refers to the death of high-ranking personalities in the bureaucracy.
- Syntactic words
- VPichangedie
先 xiān OC: sɯɯn MC: sen 8 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vadNformer; deceased
殤 shàng OC: MC: ɕi̯ɐŋ
殤 shāng OC: lʰaŋ MC: ɕi̯ɐŋ
傷 shàng OC: lʰaŋs MC: ɕi̯ɐŋ
傷 shāng OC: lʰaŋ MC: ɕi̯ɐŋ 8 Attributions
Yāo (old: yǎo) 夭 , yǎo 殀 and shāng 殤 (ant. shòu 壽 "long-lived") refer to an early and not just untimely death.
- Syntactic words
- v[adN]nonreferentialsomebody who died prematurely
- vadNhaving died prematurely
- vichangemeet a tragic early death before the age of maturity (20); die early
- vtoNattitudinalto treat somebody (in the funeral rites) as if he had died prematurely
不免 bù miǎn OC: pɯʔ mronʔ MC: pi̯ut miɛn 7 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPt[oN]come to a bad end; not escape (an unnatural or violent) death; come to a premature end
去 qù OC: khas MC: khi̯ɤ 7 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- viactdepart from this world
死 sǐ 7 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- visuicidecommit suicideCH
殺身 shā shēn OC: sreed qhjin MC: ʂɣɛt ɕin 6 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiacthave oneself killed; get killed as a result of one's own actions
病死 bìng sǐ OC: bɢraŋs pliʔ MC: bɣaŋ si 6 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativedie of natural causes
喪 sāng OC: smaaŋ MC: sɑŋ 5 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nabeventcases of death
- vichangeto die, to perish, to become extinct
- vtoNcausativecause oneself to die
死 sǐ 5 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- viperfectivehas diedDS
逝 shì OC: ɡljeds MC: dʑiɛi 4 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nabfeaturethe mortality and impermanence of things and their beautyCH
- vichangedie
- vifigurativedisappear (from the sky etc)CH
無常 wú cháng OC: ma djaŋ MC: mi̯o dʑi̯ɐŋ 4 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPabeventimpermanence> death
殀 yāo OC: qrowʔ MC: ʔiɛu 4 Attributions
Yāo (old: yǎo) 夭 , yǎo 殀 and shāng 殤 (ant. shòu 壽 "long-lived") refer to an early and not just untimely death. xxx
- Syntactic words
- vichangedie young
百年 bǎi nián OC: praaɡ niin MC: pɣɛk nen 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPab(after) hundred years > euphemism for 'death'
下世 xià shì OC: ɢraas lʰebs MC: ɦɣɛ ɕiɛi 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiinchoativedescend from the world > to die
斃 bì OC: beds MC: biɛi 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vichangedrop dead; die an instantaneous death, die suddenly; die unexpectedly
死 sǐ 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vtoNderivedpsychological: be prepared to die for a cause N CH
殪 yì OC: qiiɡs MC: ʔei 3 Attributions
Yì 殪 "get killed" is the result of violent action.
- Syntactic words
- vtoNmiddle voiceget killed (through violence, possibly self-inflicted)
殰 dú OC: ɡ-looɡ MC: duk 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vihave an abortion; be stillborn
氓 méng OC: mraaŋ MC: mɣɛŋ
泯 mín OC: min MC: min 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vtoNdie in the service of (?)
餓死 è sǐ OC: ŋaals pliʔ MC: ŋɑ si 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativestarve to death
沒身 mò shēn OC: mɯɯd qhjin MC: muot ɕin 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPieventuntil Xs death
順世 shùn shì OC: ɢjuns lʰebs MC: ʑʷin ɕiɛi 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPichangeBUDDH: follow the course of the world > die, pass away
無類 mó lèi MC: mu lwijH OC: maa ruds 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPidie all of them so that no one is left 3.猶言無遺類，無幸存者。CH
死夭 sǐ yāo OC: pliʔ qrowʔ MC: si ʔiɛu 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPichangedie early
殺 shā OC: sreed MC: ʂɣɛt 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nabprocessdecline and annihilation
- vimiddle voicemeet death; decline
滅 miè OC: med MC: miɛt 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vichangebe annihilated> die
賜死 cì sǐ OC: sleeɡs pliʔ MC: siɛ si 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiactsacrifice one's life, die in service
得死 dé sǐ OC: tɯɯɡ pliʔ MC: tək si 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiprocessget to die a natural death
絕命 jué mìng OC: dzod mɢreŋs MC: dziɛt mɣaŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiprocesshave one's life cut short
衰 shuāi OC: srul MC: ʂi 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- viprocessdecline (to the point of dying)
示寂 shì jì OC: ɢljils sɡlɯɯwɡ MC: ʑi dzek 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPibuddhistto pass away, enter nirvana
暴骨 pù gǔ OC: booɡ kuud MC: buk kuot 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiparch one's bones> die on the battle field
死訖 sǐ qì MC: sijX kj+t OC: pliʔ kɯd 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPadVfinish dying, having diedCH
致命 zhì mìng OC: k-liɡs mɢreŋs MC: ʈi mɣaŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiactrisk death
就木 jiù mù OC: dzuɡs mooɡ MC: dzɨu muk 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPihead for the timber>die
亡身 wáng shēn MC: mjang syin OC: maŋ qhjin 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiperfectivedestroy one's own life; ruin one's lifeCH
氣絕 qì jué OC: khɯds dzod MC: khɨi dziɛt 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPieventdie
陟 zhì OC: tɯɡ MC: ʈɨk 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vadNascended> deceased
終沒 zhōng mò OC: tjuŋ mɯɯd MC: tɕuŋ muot 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPichangedie
顛 diān OC: tiin MC: ten 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vieventdrop dead
絕死 jué sǐ OC: dzod pliʔ MC: dziɛt si 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativestop breathing so as to die> die
崩寂 bēng jì OC: pɯɯŋ sɡlɯɯwɡ MC: pəŋ dzek 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPipass away (emperors, kings, etc.)
登假 dēng jià OC: tɯɯŋ kraas MC: təŋ kɣɛ
登遐 dēng xiá OC: tɯɯŋ ɡraa MC: təŋ ɦɣɛ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPigo far on high> die (surely for 登遐 dēng xiá)
夭折 yāo yǎo zhé MC: 'jewX tsyet OC: qrowʔ kljed 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPito die prematurely, to die at a young age, to be short-livedLZ
身死 shēn sǐ OC: qhjin pliʔ MC: ɕin si 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vichangeBUDDH: suffer physical death (in this mundane world)> die (NOT as in pre-Buddhist texts 身死國亡）
夭殤 yāo shāng OC: qrowʔ lʰaŋ MC: ʔiɛu ɕi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPichangedie very young
槁死 gǎo sǐ OC: khoowʔ pliʔ MC: khɑu si 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativeshrivel up and die as a result
順化 shùn huà OC: ɢjuns hŋʷraals MC: ʑʷin hɣɛ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiBUDDH: follow along and transform > pass away, die
壽盡 shòu jìn OC: djuʔ dzinʔ MC: dʑɨu dzin 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPadVwhen he died
皆死 jiē sǐ OC: kriid pliʔ MC: kɣɛi si 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPabfeatureuniversal mortality
入涅盤 rù niè pán OC: njub m-liiɡ baan MC: ȵip net bʷɑn 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiprocessenter nirvāna> die
其死 qí sǐ OC: ɡɯ pliʔ MC: gɨ si 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPabeventnatural death
已死 yǐ sǐ OC: k-lɯʔ pliʔ MC: jɨ si 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VP[adN]dead person, person who has already died
中夭 zhōng yāo OC: krluŋ qrowʔ MC: ʈuŋ ʔiɛu 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPabeventuntimely mid-life death
入 rù OC: njub MC: ȵip 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vichangecease to exist: fade away
死乎 sǐ hū MC: sijX hu OC: pliʔ ɢaa 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPadVin deathLZ
化 huà OC: hŋʷraals MC: hɣɛ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- viprocessBUDDH: transform (into nirvāṇa) > pass away
歿命 mò mìng OC: mɯɯd mɢreŋs MC: muot mɣaŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiactgive one's life, sacrifice one's life; risk one's life so as to lose it
往 wǎng OC: ɢʷaŋʔ MC: ɦi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vileave > pass away, die
徇 xùn OC: sɢʷlins MC: zʷin 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vtoNdie demonstratively for
義死 yì sǐ MC: ngjeH sijX OC: ŋrals pliʔ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPabrighteous deathLZ
死 sǐ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vt(oN)commit suicide for the implicit reason NCH
死 sǐ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- nabpsychologicaldeciding to die, choosing to dieCH
死 sǐ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vadNcausativee.g. 死病 "mortal illness" mortal, leading to deathCH
死 sǐ MC: sijX OC: pliʔ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vialt. "to face the possibility of" PF
殂 cú OC: sɡaa MC: dzuo̝
徂 cú OC: sɡaa MC: dzuo̝ 1 Attribution
Hōng 薨 and cú 殂/徂 refers to the death of a senior official.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 落/WITHER
Luò 落 refers abstractly and colourlessly to trees losing their leaves.
- Syntactic words
- vichangepass away
殍 piǎo OC: browʔ MC: biɛu 1 Attribution
Piǎo 殍 and jǐn 殣 "(of common people) starve to death, die in the gutters" refer distinctly to the death of ordinary people.
- Syntactic words
- vichangestarve to death
殞 yǔn OC: ɢunʔ MC: ɦin 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- vtoNdie an abrupt unofreseen death
毈 duàn MC: dwanH OC: doons 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- viof eggs: not yield a living birdCH
不祿 bù lù OC: pɯʔ b-rooɡ MC: pi̯ut luk 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPibe unsalaried > to die (when referring to the death of ordinary officials)
仆死 pū, bó sǐ OC: bɯɯɡ pliʔ MC: bək si 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativefall and die
瘠 jí MC: dzjek OC: dzeɡ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- viresultstarved to death (XUN)LZ
盡 jìn OC: dzinʔ MC: dzin 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- nabeventthe end, death
- vichange(of a number of people) die all of them
有終 yǒu zhōng OC: ɢʷɯʔ tjuŋ MC: ɦɨu tɕuŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPichangecome to an end> die
就世 jiù shì MC: dzjuwH -- OC: dzuɡs -- 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiprocessdieCH
長往 cháng wǎng OC: ɡrlaŋ ɢʷaŋʔ MC: ɖi̯ɐŋ ɦi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiBUDDH: ?? leave forever > pass away, die
終亡 zhōng wáng OC: tjuŋ maŋ MC: tɕuŋ mi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPabeventultimate death
- VPichangedie
不虞 bù yú OC: pɯʔ ŋʷa MC: pi̯ut ŋi̯o 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPi0figurativethe surprising thing happens> the contextually determiate person dies 《後漢書‧周舉傳》："今諸 閻 新斬，太后幽在離宮，若悲愁生疾，一旦不虞，主上將何以令於天下？"
歸盡 guī jìn MC: kjw+j dzinX OC: klul dzinʔ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPicome to one's end > dieDS
窮 qióng MC: gjuwng OC: ɡʷɯŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- viderivedreach the end of one's lifespanCH
死盡 sǐ jìn OC: pliʔ dzinʔ MC: si dzin 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPichangedie without exception, die so that the whole group becomes extinct
萎絕 wěi jué OC: qrol dzod MC: ʔiɛ dziɛt 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- VPiplantsof plants: wither and perish
虛 xū OC: qhla MC: hi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nabstatedeath
殂落 cú luò OC: sɡaa ɡ-raaɡ MC: dzuo̝ lɑk 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPi(of Yáo, in SHU) die
踣 bó OC: bɯɯɡ MC: bək 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vichangefall down dead
東西 dōng xī OC: tooŋ sqɯɯl MC: tuŋ sei 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPichangetaboo word for to die
過 guò OC: klools MC: kʷɑ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- viprocessCAO ZHI 曹植 die
受死 shòu sǐ OC: djuʔ pliʔ MC: dʑɨu si 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPichangeundergo death
無常來時 wú cháng lái shí OC: ma djaŋ m-rɯɯ ɡljɯ MC: mi̯o dʑi̯ɐŋ ləi dʑɨ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
無氣 wú qì OC: ma khɯds MC: mi̯o khɨi 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPadNlacking vital spirits, dead???
黃泉 huáng quán OC: ɡʷaaŋ dzon MC: ɦɑŋ dziɛn 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPadVuntil death
病殀 bìng yāo OC: bɢraŋs qrowʔ MC: bɣaŋ ʔiɛu 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPichangefall ill so as to die young
泥洹而去 ní huán ér qù OC: niil ɢoon njɯ khaʔ MC: nei ɦʷɑn ȵɨ khi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPienter nirvana and leave this world; die
沒於地 mò yú dì OC: mɯɯd qa lils MC: muot ʔi̯ɤ di 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPichangedisappear from the earth: die
逝世 shì shì OC: ɡljeds lʰebs MC: dʑiɛi ɕiɛi 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPidie
沒齒 mò chǐ OC: mɯɯd khljɯʔ MC: muot tɕhɨ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPieventdie (Ming dynasty) 指死；死後。 明 陸容 《菽園雜記》卷四："夫自開國以來，將相大臣，功名富貴烜赫一時者多矣，沒齒之後，陵谷變遷，不能保其墳墓者有矣。"
違世 wéi shì OC: ɢul lʰebs MC: ɦɨi ɕiɛi 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiactdie
不在 bù zài OC: pɯʔ sɡɯɯʔ MC: pi̯ut dzəi 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vibe dead
避世 bì shì OC: beɡs lʰebs MC: biɛ ɕiɛi 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPileave this world; die
死喪 sǐ sāng OC: pliʔ smaaŋ MC: si sɑŋ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiprocessdie and be mourned
懸 xuán OC: ɢʷeen MC: ɦen
縣 xuán OC: ɢʷeen MC: ɦen 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- viacthang oneself (GUOYU)
昏 hūn OC: hmuun MC: huo̝n 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vichangepass away
失人身 shī rén shēn OC: lʰiɡ njin qhjin MC: ɕit ȵin ɕin 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPichangeBUDDH: lose one's human form > die
死 sǐ OC: pliʔ MC: si 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
殣 jìn OC: ɡrɯns MC: gin 0 Attributions
Piǎo 殍 and jǐn 殣 "(of common people) starve to death, die in the gutters" refer distinctly to the death of ordinary people.
- Syntactic words
- v[adN]somebody who starved to death
漸 jiān MC: tsjem OC: tsam 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- vifigurativedie DCD: 引申為歿，死亡。《文選·韋孟〈諷諫〉詩》
離世間 lí shì jiān OC: b-rel lʰebs kreen MC: liɛ ɕiɛi kɣɛn 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiactleave this world
殛死 jí sǐ OC: kɯɡ pliʔ MC: kɨk si 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiprocessdie in exile
殞沒 yǔn mò OC: ɢunʔ mɯɯd MC: ɦin muot 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- VPiprocessdie
死生 sǐ shēng OC: pliʔ sraaŋ MC: si ʂɣaŋ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPabcase of death
絕 jué OC: dzod MC: dziɛt 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- viprocessstop breathing, die 慟而絕 "get excessively moved and die"