WITHER 枯萎枯
CHANGE so as to BECOME INTENSELY DRY.
Old Chinese Criteria
2. Gǎo 槁 refers specifically to the withering of plants, or to their withered state. The combination kū gǎo 枯槁 is idiomatic.
3. Wěi 萎 (ant. shèng 盛 "rich and flourishing") refers to plants (and in a transferred usually permanent sense male sexual organs!) shrivilling up and drying out.
4. Diāo 凋 (ant. mào 茂 "be flourishing") refers to whole plants withering and losing their leaves as a result, but the word may also refer to the loss of leaved because of frost.
5. Luò 落 refers abstractly and colourlessly to trees losing their leaves.
6. Líng 零 refers in a more dramatic way to plants other than trees losing their leaves.
Modern Chinese Criteria
萎謝
凋落
凋零
凋殘
零落
衰落
衰敗
枯萎
枯槁
乾枯
焦枯
枯
萎縮
萎蔫
蔫
謝
凋
敗
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
- 王力古漢語字典
(
WANG LI 2000)
p.
470 枯，槁
1. An important difference is that while ku1 枯 can refer more broadly to anything that dries out and rots, like fish, ga3o 槁 is more strictly restricted to the withering of trees.
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Words
槁 gǎo OC: khoowʔ MC: khɑu 24 AttributionsWD
Gǎo 槁 refers specifically to the withering of plants, or to their withered state. The combination kū gǎo 枯槁 is idiomatic.
- Syntactic words
- nsubjectwhat is withered and dry
- vadNwithered, dried (of wood, earth, fish, skull)
- vichangeto wither, to dry up (and die)
枯 kū OC: khaa MC: khuo̝ 18 AttributionsWD
The current general word for anything drying up or withering down, also anything like fish which because of lack of water starts rotting, is kū 枯 (ant. rùn 潤 "moist and lush" and róng 榮 "flourish and thrive").
- Syntactic words
- nsubjectwhat is whithered; what is rotten
- vadNwithered (of wood); dried (fish); fleshless (of bones); dried-up (of marshes)
- vichangeof trees: wither and die
- vifigurativefade, droop (e.g. appearance)LZ
枯槁 kū gǎo OC: khaa khoowʔ MC: khuo̝ khɑu 14 AttributionsWD
Kū 枯 is the current general word for anything drying up or withering down, also anything like fish which because of lack of water starts rotting, gǎo 槁 refers specifically to the withering of plants, or to their withered state. The combination kū gǎo 枯槁 is idiomatic.
- Syntactic words
- NPsubjectwhat is all shrivelled and dry
- VPadNfigurativewithered and dissiccated
- VPadVfigurativeall shrivelled up
- VPibe all shirivelled and emaciated
- VPichangewither away; become emaciated
萎 wěi OC: qrol MC: ʔiɛ 6 AttributionsWD
Wěi 萎 (ant. shèng 盛 "rich and flourishing") refers to plants (and in a transferred usually permanent sense male sexual organs!) shrivilling up and drying out.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 枯 / 枯㱠/DRY
Gǎo 槁 and kū 枯 (ant. rùn 潤 "lush") are common words referring specifically to dryness of trees and sometimes other plants.
- Syntactic words
- vifigurative(of persons) be "withered, dissicated"
- viprocessshrivel; wither and rot away; be rotten and completely dead
落 luò OC: ɡ-raaɡ MC: lɑk 6 AttributionsWD
Luò 落 refers abstractly and colourlessly to trees losing their leaves.
- Syntactic words
- viprocess(of trees) shed one's leaves; fall down and wither; fall on the ground (fruits)
消 xiāo OC: smew MC: siɛu 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vifigurative: lose living energyCH
- viprocessdwindle; wither away
- vtoNcausativecause (oneself) to wither>decline
枯死 kū sǐ OC: khaa pliʔ MC: khuo̝ si 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativewither so as to die; shrivel away and die
凋 diāo OC: tɯɯw MC: teu
彫 diāo OC: tɯɯw MC: teu 2 AttributionsWD
Diāo 凋 (ant. mào 茂 "be flourishing") refers to whole plants withering and losing their leaves as a result, but the word may also refer to the loss of leaved because of frost.
- Syntactic words
- vadNwithered
- vichangewither because of frostgenerally: wither
零 líng OC: ɡ-reeŋ MC: leŋ 2 AttributionsWD
Líng 零 refers in a more dramatic way to plants other than trees losing their leaves.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 落/FALL
Luò 落 is a rare word which usually refers to the falling of leaves from trees.
- Syntactic words
- viprocessto wither
- vtoNprocess(of non-trees) shed leaves
肅 sù OC: sɯwɡ MC: suk 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- viwither
腊 xī OC: sqaɡ MC: siɛk 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vichangeturn into dried meat> shrivel up
苓 líng OC: ɡ-reeŋ MC: leŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vt[oN]make things wither or fade; make things lifeless
萎黃 wěi huáng OC: qrol ɡʷaaŋ MC: ʔiɛ ɦɑŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativewither so as to turn all brown
彫 diāo OC: tɯɯw MC: teu 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viwither (for 凋)
蔫 niān OC: qan MC: ʔi̯ɐn 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viprocessfade, wither
凋零 diāo líng OC: tɯɯw ɡ-reeŋ MC: teu leŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe withered
萎敗 wěi bài OC: qrol braads MC: ʔiɛ bɣɛi 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPifigurativewither so as to be ruined
萎枯 wěi kū OC: qrol khaa MC: ʔiɛ khuo̝ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativewither so as to become quite parched
萎落 wěi luò OC: qrol ɡ-raaɡ MC: ʔiɛ lɑk 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiresultativewither so as to fall off (of leaves etc)
菸邑 yù yì OC: qas qrɯb MC: ʔi̯ɤ ʔip 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiCC: be all dried-up and almost but not completely dead
零落 líng luò OC: ɡ-reeŋ ɡ-raaɡ MC: leŋ lɑk 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPfigurativefall to the ground, as if withered
- VPiprocessshrivel way; wither and fall off
寒 hán OC: ɡaan MC: ɦɑn 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viprocesswither from cold
Existing SW for
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