OLD    舊老／舊

Of BIG AGE OR having EXISTED for an ENDURING PERIOD.
ANCIENTELDERLYAGEDOLDERSENIORADVANCED IN YEARSUP IN YEARSVENERABLEIN ONE'S DOTAGELONG IN THE TOOTHGRAY-HAIREDGRIZZLEDHOARYPAST ONE'S PRIMENOT AS YOUNG AS ONE WASANCIENTDECREPITDODDERINGDODDERYNOT LONG FOR THIS WORLDSENESCENTSENILESUPERANNUATEDINFORMAL GETTING ONPAST ITOVER THE HILLNO SPRING CHICKENOLDAGEDELDERLYANTIQUATEDDECREPITANTEDILUVIANIN ONE'S DOTAGEOLD-FASHIONEDOUT OF DATEOUTMODEDOBSOLETEPASSéDémODéINFORMAL HORSE-AND-BUGGY
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The general term for old age of living creatures is lǎo 老 "of old age" (ant. shào 少 "still youthful" and yòu 幼 "young"), whereas the general term for things not new is jiù 舊 (ant. xīn 新 "new"). 2. Wǎng 往 (ant. lái 來 "future") refers to times past. 3. Gù 故 (ant. xīn 新 ) refers to what is a matter of the past which typically has an impact on, or traces in, the present. 4. Chén 陳 (ant. xīn 新 ) refers to what is stale and no longer new and fresh.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 HUMAN AFFAIRS OLD PERSON: 31. 老人。 老，指五十歲以上者，通稱，也常用作尊稱。 艾，喻指五十至六十歲者。 耆，指六十餘歲者，有禮敬色彩，作語素。 耋，指六十至八十歲者，作語素。 耄，七十至九十歲者，作語素。 耇，泛稱，有禮敬色彩，作語素。
Modern Chinese Criteria
古老 古 古舊 老古董 舊的 曠古 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • SENIOR　OLD IN-RELATION-TO ANOTHER. (anc: 7/0, child: 1)
Antonym
  • NEWEXIST AND have BEGUN to EXIST RECENTLY.
  • YOUNGOf SMALL AGE.
See also
Hypernym
  • AGE　PERIOD a CREATURE has been LIVE:alive in the PAST.  (anc: 5/0, child: 3)
  • PERIOD　TIME CONSISTING of a LIMITED SEQUENCE of MOMENTS. (anc: 4/0, child: 20)
  • TIME　ABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN. (anc: 3/0, child: 11)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 14.15

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    ANCIENT

    antiquus refers to what is of the ancient past and not modern, often what is classical.

    priscus refers to what is of the ancient past and therefore deserving special attention.

    pristinus refers to what is of the past and not of the present.

    vetus refers to what is ancient or old and considered as no longer current and relevant or in its prime, but the word can occasionally be used in positive senses.

    veternus is unambiguously negative in connotation, referring to what is old and therefore decrepit.

    vetustus refers to what is ancient and therefore venerable.

    OLD

    vetus refers to an old man, from the fiftieth year of his life.

    senex refers to an old man from his sixtieth year, with the accessory notion of his being worthy of respect.

    grandaevus and longaevus denote a very aged man who has already exceeded the usual duration of life and who is usually more than eighty years old.

  • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 12

  • “荀子”單音節形容詞同義關係研究 ( HUANG XIAODONG 2003) p. 264

  • Han China - a Proto 'Welfare State'? T'oung Pao ( HULSEWE 1987) p.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    SENECTUS

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 297

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 4.1894

  • Handbuch der lateinischen und griechischen Synonymik ( SCHMIDT 1889) p. 94

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.343.305

    VIEUX.ANCIEN.ANTIQUE

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no. 98

  • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. NO.150

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 222B

    • Words (42 items)

    老  lǎo OC: ɡ-ruuʔ MC: lɑu 88 Attributions

    The general term for old age of living creatures is lǎo 老 "of old age" (ant. shào 少 "still youthful" and yòu 幼 "young"), whereas the general term for things not new is jiù 舊 (ant. xīn 新 "new").

      Word relations
    • Ant: 壯/STRONG Zhuàng 壯 (ant. ruò 弱 "weak") refers to longish-term constitutional physical strength.
    • Ant: 儲/HEIR
    • Ant: 少/YOUNG Shào 少 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up") is a comparative term and refers specifically to relatively young age in humans; note that a person remains shào 少 "junior" (ant. zhǎng 長 "senior") in respect to elders until he is very old indeed.
    • Ant: 幼/YOUNG The current general "absolute" word for tender youth is yòu 幼 (ant. zhǎng 長 "grown up"), and this word refers to young age of animals, as well as humans.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.prOld Age (personified??)
    • nabstativeold age; getting old
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthe elderly, the aged; an old man
    • vadNof great age (also said of trees)
    • vadNnon-restrictiveold (mother)
    • vadVin old age; as an old man; on grounds of old age
    • vibe of great age; be old and frail; be senior
    • vichangeget old, grow old
    • vigradedbe too old (for something)
    • vtoNN=humto treat somebody in the way the old people should be treated
    舊  jiù OC: ɡus MC: gɨu 37 Attributions

    The general term for old age of living creatures is lǎo 老 "of old age" (ant. shào 少 "still youthful" and yòu 幼 "young"), whereas the general term for things not new is jiù 舊 (ant. xīn 新 "new").

      Word relations
    • Ant: 新/NEW The current word for something newly invented is xīn 新 (ant. 舊) which generally tends to have negative connotations in cultural contexts but takes on positive connotations when referring to articles of daily use etc..
    • Assoc: 故/OLD Gù 故 (ant. xīn 新) refers to what is a matter of the past which typically has an impact on, or traces in, the present.
    • Assoc: 故/PAST Gù 故 tends to be used adjectivally to characterise something as being former rather than present, and the meaning is very neatly distinct from gǔ 古 which would characterise something as being old.
    • Synon: 古/OLD
    • Synon: 古/OLD
    • Synon: 昔/PAST

      Syntactic words
    • npost-Nrepresentatives of the past from NCH
    • v[adN]non-humanwhat is old, old tradition; old (prejudiced) opinon
    • vadNformer; sometimes pejorative: of non-recent origin; past-and-gone; outdated; deposed previous (incumbent of office)
    • vadNN=nonhuold and venerated (of non-animate things); possessed for a long time
    • vadVfrom old (times until now)
    壽  shòu OC: djuʔ MC: dʑɨu 14 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 夭/DIE Yāo (old: yǎo) 夭 , yǎo 殀 and shāng 殤 (ant. shòu 壽 "long-lived") refer to an early and not just untimely death.
    • Ant: 殀/DIE Yāo (old: yǎo) 夭 , yǎo 殀 and shāng 殤 (ant. shòu 壽 "long-lived") refer to an early and not just untimely death. xxx

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturelong life; full lifespan; long-livedness
    • v[adN]nonreferentialsomeone who is long-lived, a veteran
    • vadNlong-lived
    • vienjoy a long life, live out one's span; be long-lived
    故  gù OC: kaas MC: kuo̝ 13 Attributions

    Gù 故 (ant. xīn 新) refers to what is a matter of the past which typically has an impact on, or traces in, the present.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 新/NEW The current word for something newly invented is xīn 新 (ant. 舊) which generally tends to have negative connotations in cultural contexts but takes on positive connotations when referring to articles of daily use etc..
    • Assoc: 舊/OLD The general term for old age of living creatures is lǎo 老 "of old age" (ant. shào 少 "still youthful" and yòu 幼 "young"), whereas the general term for things not new is jiù 舊 (ant. xīn 新 "new").
    • Assoc: 常/ENDURING Cháng 常 and the especially emphatic héng 恆 "highly constant and permanent" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "contingency and consequent changeability") emphasise the constancy or constant recurrence of the attributes of what is lasting, and typically - though not always - the constancy is valued positively.

      Syntactic words
    • nsubjectthe old ones
    • v[adN]what is old; what is pre-existingCH
    • vadNold
    • vibe old
    上  shàng OC: ɡljaŋs MC: dʑi̯ɐŋ 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNhigh 上古 "high antiquity" 上世 [note the connotation of elevated significance of high antiquity]
    • vadVin the direction of antiquity, with respect to antiquity (??)
    久  jiǔ OC: klɯʔ MC: kɨu 7 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNlasting from olden times
    • vadNlong-kept, oldCH
    • vilast from ancient timesLZ
    二毛  èr máo OC: njis moow MC: ȵi mɑu 7 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]N=hum, pluralperson of a certain age with greying hair
    • NP[adN]stativegrey-haredness, old age
    老耄  lǎo mào OC: ɡ-ruuʔ moows MC: lɑu mɑu 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturedecrepitude of old age
    • NPpluralthe aged ZHOULI
    • NP{PRED}old and decrepit person
    陳  chén OC: ɡrliŋ MC: ɖin 5 Attributions

    Chén 陳 (ant. xīn 新) refers to what is stale and no longer new and fresh.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 新/NEW The current word for something newly invented is xīn 新 (ant. 舊) which generally tends to have negative connotations in cultural contexts but takes on positive connotations when referring to articles of daily use etc..

      Syntactic words
    • nsubjectwhat is old; the old stuff (not of aged persons or old animals)
    • vadNold
    • vibe no longer quite fresh
    長老  zhǎng lǎo OC: krlaŋʔ ɡ-ruuʔ MC: ʈi̯ɐŋ lɑu 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialelders; a person that is senior to one
    年老  nián lǎo OC: niin ɡ-ruuʔ MC: nen lɑu 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPicolloquial: old
    耆老  qí lǎo OC: ɡri ɡ-ruuʔ MC: gi lɑu 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]subject=nonrefthe aged
    • VPibe old; be senile
    古  gǔ OC: kaaʔ MC: kuo̝ 2 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 訓/DECREE
    • Synon: 舊/OLD The general term for old age of living creatures is lǎo 老 "of old age" (ant. shào 少 "still youthful" and yòu 幼 "young"), whereas the general term for things not new is jiù 舊 (ant. xīn 新 "new").
    • Synon: 舊/OLD The general term for old age of living creatures is lǎo 老 "of old age" (ant. shào 少 "still youthful" and yòu 幼 "young"), whereas the general term for things not new is jiù 舊 (ant. xīn 新 "new").

      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]what is old (and supposedly venerable)CH
    • vadNold
    往  wǎng OC: ɢʷaŋʔ MC: ɦi̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions

    Wǎng 往 (ant. lái 來 "future") refers to times past.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNbygone, already past, previous
    • vibe bygone, be (already) a matter of the past
    頒白  bān bái OC: praan braaɡ MC: pɣan bɣɛk 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPialso written 斑白, be old enought to have greyish hair
    考  kǎo OC: khuuʔ MC: khɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadNold
    • vibe old; be high (age)
    耄  mào OC: moows MC: mɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vibe old
    老者  lǎo zhě MC: lawX tsyaeX OC: ɡ-ruuʔ kljaʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialthe old one(s), elderly peopleLZ
    耋老  dié lǎo OC: ɡ-liiɡ ɡ-ruuʔ MC: det lɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeatureold age
    耆舊  qí jiù OC: ɡri ɡus MC: gi gɨu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPpostadVto the extent of a very high age
    杖者  zhàng zhě OC: daŋʔ kljaʔ MC: ɖi̯ɐŋ tɕɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralthe aged who use walking-sticks
    耄荒  mào huāng MC: mawH xwang OC: moows hmaaŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe very oldCH
    老身  lǎo shēn MC: lawX syin OC: ɡ-ruuʔ qhjin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVuntil one's old ageLZ
    高  gāo OC: koow MC: kɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadNof advanced age; elevated in age.
    • vi
    胡耇  hú gǒu OC: ɡaa kooʔ MC: ɦuo̝ ku 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]N=humthe bearded and old> the old
    大年  dà nián OC: daads niin MC: dɑi nen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]long-lived
    既往  jì wǎng OC: kɯds ɢʷaŋʔ MC: kɨi ɦi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution

    [matters] that are already past

      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]the past
    先生  xiān shēng OC: sɯɯn sraaŋ MC: sen ʂɣaŋ 1 Attribution

      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralelders
    二三老  èr sān lǎo MC: nyijH sam lawX OC: njis saam ɡ-ruuʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPpluraleldersCH
    昏老  hūn lǎo OC: hmuun ɡ-ruuʔ MC: huo̝n lɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabtimeold age
    遲暮  chí mù MC: drij muH OC: rlil maaɡs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabold age; late years of declineCH
    朽故  xiǔ gù OC: qhuʔ kaas MC: hɨu kuo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNdecayed and old
    長子  zhǎng zǐ MC: drjang tsiX OC: krlaŋʔ sklɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVuntil one's children have grown up, until one's old ageLZ
    白  bái OC: braaɡ MC: bɣɛk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadVwhen old; in one's old age
    長年  zhǎng nián OC: krlaŋʔ niin MC: ʈi̯ɐŋ nen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe of ripe age
    耇  gǒu OC: kooʔ MC: ku 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]nonreferentialthe old; the aged
    • vadNold; agedSHU: 耇成人
    • vibe old
    黎  lí OC: riil MC: lei 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nsubjectold person
    少長  shào zhǎng OC: hmljews krlaŋʔ MC: ɕiɛu ʈi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturerelative age
    斑白  bān bái OC: praan braaɡ MC: pɣan bɣɛk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP{vadV(.adN)}old person (of an age where one has greying hair)
    壽考  shòu kǎo OC: djuʔ khuuʔ MC: dʑɨu khɑu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPadNlong-lived
    黃髮  huáng fà OC: ɡʷaaŋ pod MC: ɦɑŋ pi̯ɐt 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nsubjectold person
    長少  zhǎng shào OC: krlaŋʔ hmljews MC: ʈi̯ɐŋ ɕiɛu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturerelative age