Taxonomy of meanings for 勝:　　

  • shèng (OC: lʰɯŋs MC: ɕɨŋ) 詩證切 去 廣韻：【勝負又加也克也亦州名春秋時戎狄地戰國時晉趙地漢雲中五原也隋置榆林鎮屬雲州唐武德中改爲勝州詩證切又詩陵切四 】
    • WIN
      • nabactvictory
      • nabpotentialsomething leading to victory
      • v[adN]the winner ????
      • viactwin the day, win victory; gain the upper hand; keep the upper hand; prevail; be victorious
      • viacthave won
      • vt(oN)win against the contextually determinate opponent; win against opponent in litigation
      • vt+prep+Nwin over N
      • vt+prep+Nfigurativewin against > be superior to
      • vtoNovercome, win against; compete successfully with; be superior to; overpower
      • vtoNcausativecause to prevail
      • vtoNputativeconsider as being paramount, consider as being the most important
      • vtoNreflexive.自defeat (oneself); win the better of oneself
      • vtoNpassivebe conquered
      • vt[oN]win (against others)CH
      • vt[oN]psychbe concentrated on winning over othersLZ
      • vtoNabfigurativeovercome (one's laziness etc or diffuculties)CH
      • vtoNabmiddle voicebe overcomeCH
      • nab(post-N)one's victoryDS
      • vadNvictoriousDS
      • continuative> CONTROL
        • vtoNreflexive.自control (oneself)
        • vtoNgain control of
      • non-combative, comparative> SURPASS
        • vt+prep+Nsurpass
        • vtoNsurpass
        • nabfeaturesuperiorityLZ
        • feature> EXCELLENT
          • vadNoutstanding
          • vigradedbe excellent
        • quantitative> MORE
          • vibecome more and more common; prevail
          • vtoNpredominate vis-a-vis; be superior to, be more than
          • intensitive> INTENSELY
            • vadVlargely, greatly
    • =?> LOOM
      • nwarp-beam of a loom
      • metaphorical> HEADDRESS
        • nelaborate headdress worn by Xiwangmu "Queen Mother of the West"
    • shēng (OC: lʰɯŋ MC: ɕɨŋ) 識蒸切 平 廣韻：【任也舉也説文本从舟經典省作月他皆倣此又漢複姓何氏姓苑有勝屠公爲河東太守又書證切 】
    • with verbal object> SUCCEED
      • nab?? success; benefits
      • vigradedbe successful; be fully up to one's job
      • vt+V[0]manage to V
      • vt(+V[0])succeed in V-ingCH
      • vtoNto succeed at NVK
      • vt[+V[0]]to succeed in (doing), to be fit to (do)VK
      • conative:cause to> SUPPORT
        • vtoNsupport, be able to supportLZ
        • vtoNfigurativesupport> live up to, show oneself worthy ofCH
      • with all objects> ALL
        • vadV(often after 不可) fully, exhaustively, up to the end
      • with task> COPE
        • vt(oN)manage to cope successfully with a contextually determinate matter
        • vt+V[0]be able to successfully V, manage successfully to V, cope with the problem of V-ing
        • vtoNcope successfully with (e.g. violent people), manage to handle properly (a storm etc)
        • vtoNpassivebe dealt with successfully

    Additional information about 勝

    說文解字:

      Criteria
    • DEFEAT

      1. The current general word for defeating someoneor some state in any form of battle is bài 敗.

      2. Pò 破 (ant. quán 全 "leave intact") refers to a complete routing of an opponent.

      3. Jìn 盡 refers to the complete annihilation of an opponent.

      4. Fù 覆 refers to the inflicting of a major defeat with lasting effects on an army.

      5. Qīng 傾 refers to the toppling of a system of government.

      6. Wáng 亡 (ant. cún 存 "allow to survive") refers specifically to causing the discontinuation of a state.

      7. Cuò 挫 refers specifically to inflicting a military defeat on an army.

      8. Bài jī 敗績 refers to a major military defeat.

      9. Fù 負 occasionally refers to a defeat suffered, but usually in the combination shèng fù 勝負, and as a verb it does not take objects or complements. See FAIL

    • WIN

      1. The current general word for winning or gaining the upper hand in any way, including warfare, is shèng 勝 (ant. bài 敗 "be defeated").

      2. Kè 克 (ant. shī 失 "lose in battle") refers to subduing an enemy force by military means, winning against an enemy so as to control him as a result.

      3. Qǔ 取 (ant. fù 負 "fail") refers to conquering a place so as to gain full control over it, and the word usually refers to a victory won easily.

      4. Bá 拔 and jǔ 舉 refers to conquering a place without necessarily keeping full control over it.

      5. Jié 劫 refers specifically to victory gained through ruse or indirect tactics.

    • ATTACK

      [ASCENDING/DESCENDING]

      [CIVIL/MILITARY]

      [COMMENDATORY/DEROGATORY]

      [COVERT/OVERT]

      [GENERAL/SPECIFIC]

      [LARGE-SCALE/SMALL-SCALE]

      1. The general word for any attack is gōng 攻 (ant. shǒu 守 "defend"; success kè 克 ) which can be used in a general sense referring to all kinds of attack, although that word does also have the specific meaning of a pointed campaign against a certain locality. (Note 戰必勝，攻必克。 )

      [GENERAL]

      2. Fá 伐 refers to a large-scale typically destructive formal attack by one state on another, typically formally announced, and with much beating of drums.

      [DESCENDING], [MILITARY!], [LARGE-SCALE!], [OVERT]

      3. Qīn 侵 refers to a less formal attack, typically unannounced beforehand, and typically aimed at taking the enemy's territory.

      [COVERT!], [DEROGATORY], [MILITARY], [SPECIFIC]

      4. Xí 襲 refers to a surreptitious attack, on the sly, without any self-righteous pomp.

      [COVERT+], [MILITARY], [SPECIFIC]

      5. Zhēng 征 refers to a typically punitive campain of some size against a state, construed as being of lower status.

      [COMMENDATORY], [DESCENDING], [MILITARY], [LARGE-SCALE], [OVERT]

      6. Tǎo 討 refers to a an extended explicitly punitive campaign by someone who construes himself as being in moral authority and entitled to uphold rectitude and morality through warfare. (Also figurative as in 天討有罪 "Heaven punishes those who are guilty". See PUNISH)

      [COMMENDATORY], [DESCENDING+], [MILITARY], [OVERT]

      7. Wéi 圍 refers specifically to military attack by surrouding the enemy.

      [MILITARY], [OVERT], [SPECIFIC]

      8. Kòu 寇 refers derogatorily to a wanton enemy attack.

      [DEROGATORY+], [MILITARY]

    • COPE

      1. Shèng 勝 refers to the coping with an especially difficult task.

      2. Nài 奈 refers to the successful coping with a challenging task.

      3. Fàn 犯 can occasionally come to refer to the successful overcoming of resistance.

      Word relations
    • Result: (WIN)戰/FIGHT Zhàn 戰 (ant. hé 和 "make peace; hold the peace") normally refers to armed conflict (see BATTLE) but the word can occasionally refer to an inner struggle in one's chest: zwei Seelen wohnen, ach, in meiner Brust.
    • Result: (WIN)攻/ATTACK The generalword for any attack is gōng 攻 (ant. shǒu 守 "defend") which can be used in a general sense referring to all kinds of attack, although that word does also have the specific meaning of a pointed campaign against a certain locality. [GENERAL]
    • Ant: (WIN)負/DEFEAT Fù 負 occasionally refers to a defeat suffered, but usually in the combination shèng fù 勝負, and as a verb it does not take objects or complements. See FAIL
    • Object: (WIN)敵/ENEMY The general word for an enemy or opponent of any kind is dí 敵 (ant. yǒu 友 "friend") which can also often refer to mere competitors or adversaries.
    • Assoc: (WIN)服/CONQUER