Taxonomy of meanings for 犯:　　

  • 犯 fàn (OC: bomʔ MC: biɐm) 防錽切 上 廣韻：【干也侵也僭也勝也 】
    • ACT
      • vtoNcommit (a crime)
      • vtoNpassivebe committed (of a crime)
    • ATTACK
      • vtoNattack suddenly and violently; attack unjustly
      • vtoNfigurativelaunch an attack against (oneself)
      • vt(oN)figurative"attack" and gravely inconvenience the contextually determinate NCH
    • COPE
      • vtoNovercome, cope with successfully; brave (a storm); expose oneself successfully to
    • CROSS OVER
      • vtoNmanage to get across; get across
    • KNOCK
      • vtoNknock against (a trigger)
    • OFFEND
      • vt(oN)N=humango against the wishes of a person; dare to go against a person (with omitted object)
      • vt(oN)N=nonhuoffend against (something contextually determinate, nonhuman)
      • vt[oN]commit an offense
      • vt+prep+Noffend against
      • vtoNN=humango against the wishes of a person; dare to go against a person
      • vtoNN=nonhuoffend against, fail to obey; infringe, violate (laws etc) 民不敢犯法
      • vtoNpassivebe offended against; be sabotaged
      • vtoNN=animalgo against the wishes of an animal; dare to go against an animalTWH
      • vtoNobject rule/law: offend againstCH
    • SUFFER
      • vtoNoccasionally: run into (difficulties); expose oneself to (stones and arrows) See also COPE

Additional information about 犯

說文解字:

    Criteria
  • ENCOUNTER

    1. The current general word for having once encountered, actively tried or experienced something is cháng 嘗 and this word often feels more like an adverbial particle than a verb of experience.

    2. Yù 遇 refers to having been exposed to something (often something positive) by coincidence.

    3. Féng 逢 seems to be a dialect word synonymous with yù 遇, a word which it came to replace at later stages of the language as the standard word.

    4. Zāo 遭 refers to running into something (often something negative).

    5. Fàn 犯 refers to a deliberate encounter and to the facing up to what is encountered with energy and vigour.

    6. Lín 臨 refers to facing something with calm dignity and self-control.

  • CROSS OVER

    1. The most general current word for crossing over something is guò 過.

    2. Dù 渡 typically refers to crossing water by foot or boat, and the word became exceedingly common from Han times onwards.

    3. Shè 涉 typically refers to crossing water by foot.

    4. Jīng 經 typically refers to crossing or passing through territory.

    5. Lì 歷 refers to passing through territories or time spans. For the latter meaning the character 曆 came to be used in later times.

    6. Yuè 越 and chāo 超 refer to leaping or striding across something. See also LEAP OVER

    7. Kuà 跨 refers to striding across something, see LEAP OVER.

    8. Jué 絕 refers in a somewhat elevated style to crossing a river or a desert by any means of transport.

    9. Fàn 犯 refers to managing to get across something that is hard to cross, but this usage is rare.

    10. Háng 杭／航 is an ancient word for crossing a river by ferry.

  • COPE

    1. Shèng 勝 refers to the coping with an especially difficult task.

    2. Nài 奈 refers to the successful coping with a challenging task.

    3. Fàn 犯 can occasionally come to refer to the successful overcoming of resistance.

  • OFFEND

    1. The current most general word for offending against what one is obliged to act in accordance with or going against a current is probably nì 逆 (ant. shùn 順 "follow and obey"), which refers to any action which goes against something.

    2. Fàn 犯 (ant. cǒng 從 "follow obediently") refers as a derogatory term to a deliberate and active breaking of a rule.

    3. Gān 干 and gān 奸 are rare words referring specifically to culpable breach of the law.

    4. Wéi 違 (ant. xún 循 "follow") and the rarer lí 離 as well as fēi 非 are neutral terms referring to a failure to comply with something.

    5. Fú 拂 refers to something grating against sensibilities or creating a conflict.

    6. Fáng 妨 adds to the failure of compliance the nuance of interference with what one fails to comply with.

    7. Kuī 虧 adds to the failure of compliance the nuance of inflicting harm or damage on what one fails to comply with.

    8. Shāng 傷, hài 害, and bài 敗 add to the failure of compliance the element of ruining what one has failed to comply with exactly by this failure of compliance; but hài 害 has developed a special related meaning of offending logically against something, i.e. being incompatible with it.