MISTAKE    錯誤過

NEGLECT something and ACT so as to FAIL to ACHIEVE one's INTENTION.
FAULTERRORFAULTINACCURACYOMISSIONSLIPBLUNDERMISCALCULATIONMISUNDERSTANDINGOVERSIGHTMISINTERPRETATIONGAFFEFAUX PASSOLECISMINFORMAL SLIP-UPBOO-BOOBLOOPERBONERGOOFFLUB.ILLUSION
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The most current general word for a mistake is probably shī 失 (ant. dé 得 "get things right") refers generally to an inadvertent mistake in action, and normally of minor kind. 2. Wù 誤 (ant. zhèng 正 "correct") typically refers quite generally to intellectual misapprehension. 3. Miù 謬 (ant. zhèng 正 "correct") typically refers to an intellectual misapprehension because of complete baselessness of what is being said. 4. Quē 闕 (ant. wán 完 "completely right") is a polite circumlocution for a superior's inadvertencies or mistakes in action.. 5. Tè 忒 and chà 差 is an archaic word for unreglemented personal or political conduct. NB: Cuò 錯 as a standard word for "mistake" is post-Han.
Modern Chinese Criteria
過失 過錯 疏失 失誤 失眼 refers to making a mistaken judgment based on impressions. 失閃 閃失 差失 毛病 罪過 罪愆 罪尤 尤悔 悔尤 手失 偏差 錯誤 差錯 錯兒 毛病 ! 非 過 錯 失 罪 咎 愆 眚 尤 瑕 疵 疵瑕 瑕尤 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
See also
  • BLAMECRITICISE someone as GUILTY of a WICKED:reprehensible MISTAKE OR a CRIME.
  • FAILTRY to ACHIEVE something BUT NOT SUCCEED.
  • GUILTRESPONSIBILITY FOR ONE'S AVOIDABLE PAST BAD ACT. 
  • CRIMEWICKED ACT OFFENDING INTENSELY against an IMPORTANT LAW.
  • CRIMEWICKED ACT OFFENDING INTENSELY against an IMPORTANT LAW.
Hypernym
  • NEGLECT　DISREGARD what one SHOULD NOT DISREGARD. (anc: 14/0, child: 2)
  • DISREGARD　DECIDE to DISCARD from one's THOUGHT. (anc: 13/0, child: 2)
  • DISCARD　DISPLACE something so as to VOLUNTARILY CAUSE ONESELF to LACK it. (anc: 12/0, child: 4)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.77

  • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 449

    ABERRATIO est actionis a recto discessio, sivi id fiat 1. efficientis inscitia, sive 2. materiae vitio, sive 3. casu aliquio interveniente.

    Ut cum quis a recta via recedit, non profectio est, sed erratio.

    Cum tritici semem siliginem aut avenam aut lolium producit, non generatio est, sed degeneratio.

    Axiom: Itineris recti una et simplex est ratio; aberrationum mille figurae.

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    FAULT

    vitium refers to any fault a person may have.

    menda refers to a natural fault, especially of the body, a blemish.

    mendum refers to a fault committed, especially in writing, a blunder, or a mistake.

  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 87

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    ERROR

  • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. 95

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 151B

  • 東漢﹣隨常用詞演變研究 ( WANG WEIHUI 2000) p. 339

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 67

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

    FALLACY

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.284.242

    FAUGTE.DEFAUT.DEFECTUOSITE.VICE.IMPERFECTION

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no. 62

  • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. no. 45

    • Words (58 items)

    過  guò OC: klools MC: kʷɑ 107 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 功/MERIT The current general word for achievements of any kind is gōng 功.
    • Ant: 善/EXCELLENT Shàn 善 (ant. zhuó 拙 "inept"), when the word does not mean moral goodness, but is close in meaning to liáng 良, refers to an acquired specific skill or propensity for certain forms of action.
    • Assoc: 瑕/DEFECT
    • Assoc: 罪/CRIME The current general word for a serious legal transgression is zuì 罪 (ant. gōng 功 "merit"), and the current general word for a minor legal transgression is guò 過 (ant. xiào 效 "positive contribution").
    • Assoc: 誤/MISTAKE
    • Synon: 非/MISTAKE
    • Relat: 改/IMPROVE The standard word for changing something for the better is gǎi 改.
    • Oppos: 可/GOOD

      Syntactic words
    • nab(.post-N)one's transgressionCH
    • nab.post-NN's faultLZ
    • nab.post-V{NUM}actminor transgression; wrongdoing, wrong practice; formal offense
    • nab.post-V{NUM}actmistake, large or small 大過
    • nabactmistake, fault, improper actionCH
    • vadNfaulty; excessive and wrong
    • vadVby mistake, mistakenly; through insouciance
    • viactmiss the mark; go too far; get it wrong, be wrong, be mistaken; make an inadvertent minor mistake
    • viinchoativeact: begin to make mistakes, begin to develop faultsCH
    • visubject=nonhumanbe mistaken; constitute a mistake
    • vpostadVincorrectly, mistakenly (as in 小人注錯之過)LZ
    • vtoNmake a mistake with respect to, transgress in respect of
    • vtoNdeclarative/putativedeclare (persons N) to be mistaken, deem to be making mistakesCH
    • vtoNputativeobject opinions etc: regard as mistaken, consider as wrong
    失  shī OC: lʰiɡ MC: ɕit 65 Attributions

    The most current general word for a mistake is probably shī 失 (ant. dé 得 "get things right") refers generally to an inadvertent mistake in action, and normally of minor kind.

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 罪/CRIME The current general word for a serious legal transgression is zuì 罪 (ant. gōng 功 "merit"), and the current general word for a minor legal transgression is guò 過 (ant. xiào 效 "positive contribution").
    • Contrast: 邪/WICKED Xié 邪 (ant. zhèng 正 "straight and in no way wicked") typically involves nuances of sinister evil influences in addition to plain human depravity.
    • Contrast: 過/CRIME The current general word for a serious legal transgression is zuì 罪 (ant. gōng 功 "merit"), and the current general word for a minor legal transgression is guò 過 (ant. xiào 效 "positive contribution").
    • Assoc: 誤/MISTAKE

      Syntactic words
    • nabactinadvertent mistake or transgression; inadvertent mistake (of a superior), insouciance; transgression; faulty point
    • vadNbe wrong through negligence
    • vadVby mistake, through an insouciance
    • vicontinuativebe prone to faultsCH
    • vimathematical termCHEMLA 2003: make a mathematical mistake; fail to get the proper mathematical result.
    • viprocessgo wrong by mistake; get things wrong by mistake; make a slip
    • vt(oN)get the contextually determinate thing wrong, be wrong about the contextually determinate thing
    • vt+V[0]make a mistake in VERBing
    • vt[oN]N=indefget something wrongCH
    • vtoNget (something) wrong, be wrong about; make a mistake concerning; misapply (punishements etc); make a mistake of omission in relation to
    • vttoN1.+N2make a mistake (in a matter N1) with regard (to something or somebody N2) or on N2's side (失之己)
    • vttoN1.+prep+N2make a mistake about (something -often indeterminate - N1) with regard to (a subject N2)
    • vttoN1.+prep+N2mathematical termCHEMLA 2003: to be wrong about N1 by the amount N2; (as action verb:) get something N1 wrong by the amount N2 ZJ 4.18: 失之于微少 "get the result wrong by a small amount".
    誤  wù OC: ŋʷaas MC: ŋuo̝ 35 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 失/MISTAKE The most current general word for a mistake is probably shī 失 (ant. dé 得 "get things right") refers generally to an inadvertent mistake in action, and normally of minor kind.
    • Assoc: 亂/REVOLT Luàn 亂 (ant. zhì 治 "regularly political government") refers to a major political upheaval designed to topple the reigning government.
    • Assoc: 過/MISTAKE
    • Synon: 訛/MISTAKE
    • Synon: 非/MISTAKE

      Syntactic words
    • nabactmistake, act of carelessness
    • vadNmisguided, deluded
    • vadVwrongly; in a wrong way; mistakenly; by inadvertent mistake
    • vibe mistaken or misguided (said both of words and of people)
    • viactcommit a mistake; do things by mistake or inadvertently
    • vt+prep+Nerr in ragard of
    • vt+prep+NPab{ACT}make a mistake in V-ing
    • vtoNerr about; be mistaken about
    • vtoNputativeconsider as mistaken
    妄  wàng OC: maŋs MC: mi̯ɐŋ 26 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • nabbuddhistBUDDH: delusion (through ignorance); falseness
    • vadNarbitrary, misguidedBUDDDH: deluded
    • vadVmistakenly, wrongly; arbitrarilyBUDDH: deludedly; in a deluded way; falsely
    • vibe misguided, be disorientated; be arbitrary;
    外道  wài dào OC: ŋoods ɡ-luuʔ MC: ŋɑi dɑu 19 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP[adN]those of an extraneous doctrine > heretic, follower of a wrong or inferior teaching (can apply to scholars/masters/monks within or without the Buddhist tradition)外道：佛教以外的其他各种哲学思想。主要指佛教产生后的六种学说，即："善恶无果论"，"苦乐无因论"，否定轮回的"断灭论”，宿命哲学的"常见论"和"宿因论"以及"诡辩论"。
    • NPabpsychheterodox ways
    • NPadNheterodox
    非  fēi OC: pɯl MC: pɨi 18 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • nabmetaphysicalwrong points, mistakes
    • v[adNab]what is untrue/mistaken/wrong
    • vadNmistaken, wrong
    • vadVmistakenly; wrongly
    • vibe in the wrong; be mistaken, be wrong; be the wrong thing to do
    • vtoNreflexive.自consider oneself to be in the wrong
    錯  cuò OC: skhaaɡ MC: tshɑk 17 Attributions

    NB: Cuò 錯 as a standard word for "mistake" is post-Han.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactmistake
    • v[adNab]actmistaken action < mistakeVK
    • vadVmistakenly; in a wrong way
    • viactmake mistakes
    • vigradedbe wrong; (REMEMBER TO CHECK MO: 不亦錯乎.
    謬  miù OC: mɢrus MC: mi̯u
    繆  miù OC: mɢrus MC: mi̯u 14 Attributions

    Miù 謬 (ant. zhèng 正 "correct") typically refers to an intellectual misapprehension because of complete baselessness of what is being said.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 愚/STUPID The dominant word is yú 愚 (ant. zhì 智 "clever; wise"), and the word refers to intellectual obtuseness as well as practical ineptitude.
    • Assoc: 誤/DISASTER

      Syntactic words
    • nabactmistakes
    • vadNmisleading; misguided
    • vadVmisguidedly, mistakenlyLZ
    • vibe misguided; be utterly mistaken, be completely mislead; be mistaken; go wrong
    • vtoNcausativemisguide somebody; cause N to make mistakesDS
    過失  guò shī OC: klools lʰiɡ MC: kʷɑ ɕit 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactmistake; mistakes and faults of all kinds
    • VPiactcome to make mistakes; commit a transgression
    愆  qiān OC: khran MC: khiɛn 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNmistaken, wrong
    • viactmake a mistake; get things wrong
    • vt+prep+Nmake a mistake with respect to N
    罪  zuì MC: -- OC: sbuulʔ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-Nfault of (the not-necessarily human) NCH
    闕  què, quē OC: khod MC: khi̯ɐt 5 Attributions

    Quē 闕 (ant. wán 完 "completely right") is a polite circumlocution for a superior's inadvertencies or mistakes in action..

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}stativediscreet circumlocution: imperfection (i.e. mistake)
    • nabactmistake by omission
    虛妄  xū wàng OC: qhla maŋs MC: hi̯ɤ mi̯ɐŋ 5 Attributions
    • 佛光大辭典 Fóguāng dàcídiǎn The Foguang Dictionary of Buddhism ( FOGUANG) p. 5261a

    • A Dictionary of Chinese Buddhist Terms ( SOOTHILL) p. 389

      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychBUDDH: delusion; illusion (> mistaken thinking)
    • VPiBUDDH: be deluded, be illusionary, be devoid of any substance, unreal and false (>be involved in mistaken thinking) skr. vithata
    病  bìng OC: bɢraŋs MC: bɣaŋ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactmistake
    • viactbe mistaken; get things wrong
    • vt+V[0]make the mistake of V-ingLZ
    • vtoNmake mistakes regarding
    • vtoNputativeconsider as a mistake
    有過  yǒu guò OC: ɢʷɯʔ klools MC: ɦɨu kʷɑ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe mistaken
    • VPiperfectivehave commited a mistaken; have been mistaken
    假  jiǎ OC: kraaʔ MC: kɣɛ 4 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 虛/EMPTY The most geneal word is xū 虛 (ant. shí 實 "substantial and full") which can refer both to physical emptiness of a space and to abstract emptiness or tenuousness as a philosophical concept.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNfalse > provisional (BUDDH: pertaining to the relative truth)
    • vadVfalsely, mistakenly In the Zen BUDDH. context usually referring to 'provisionally' (i.e. pertaining to the worldly truth and not the absolute truth)
    差  chā OC: skhraal MC: ʈʂhɣɛ 4 Attributions

    Tè 忒 and chā 差 is an archaic word for unreglemented personal or political conduct.

      Syntactic words
    • vibe mistaken
    • vidiffer from the norm; be inaccurateCH
    • vtoNget something wrong; deviate improperly from
    誣  wū OC: ma MC: mi̯o 3 Attributions

    Wù 誤 (ant. zhèng 正 "correct") typically refers quite generally to intellectual misapprehension.

      Syntactic words
    • vibe erroneous
    • vtoNmiddle voicebe mistaken; be misguidedCH
    陷  xiàn 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vimake a mistakeLZ
    欠少  qiàn shǎo OC: khoms hmljewʔ MC: khi̯ɐm ɕiɛu 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPmistake, fault, shortcoming, flaw
    • VPistativelack something; be incomplete; have shortcomings
    • VPtoNhave shortcomings with respect to, be mistaken about, have flaws concerning, lack
    不時  bù shí OC: pɯʔ ɡljɯ MC: pi̯ut dʑɨ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabtimewrong moment
    • VPadVin an untimely fashion, at the wrong time; not in proper season
    • VPibe wrong in timing; be untimely
    爽  shuǎng OC: sraŋʔ MC: ʂi̯ɐŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe wrong; be diviating (from virtue)
    • vtoNarchaic, poetic, SHI 58, 173: deviate (from virtue)
    疾  jí OC: dzid MC: dzit 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabfigurativeweakness of character; mistake
    罪過  zuì guò OC: sbuulʔ klools MC: dzuo̝i kʷɑ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabculpable transgression
    • VPibe mistaken
    跌  diē OC: liiɡ MC: det 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactminor mistakes
    • vimake mistakeLZ
    迷妄  mí wàng OC: mii maŋs MC: mei mi̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychmisguided delusions
    違失  wéi shī OC: ɢul lʰiɡ MC: ɦɨi ɕit 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPmistake
    • VPtoNbe mistaken about and therefore neglectCH
    反  fǎn OC: panʔ MC: pi̯ɐn 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe wrong-headed
    過患  guò huàn OC: klools ɢroons MC: kʷɑ ɦɣan 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabeventdistress caused by one's own mistakes
    尤  yóu OC: ɢʷɯ MC: ɦɨu 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactintellectual mistake
    • nabpsychfaultsCH
    忒  tè OC: lʰɯɯɡ MC: thək 2 Attributions

    Tè 忒 and chà 差 is an archaic word for unreglemented personal or political conduct.

      Syntactic words
    • vieventdeviate from the rule or law
    • vtoNarchaic, YI: get (something) wrong; deviate from (see TRANSGRESSION)
    瑕  xiá OC: ɡraa MC: ɦɣɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactminor mistakes; minor dereliction of duty
    訛  é OC: ŋʷaal MC: ŋʷɑ 1 Attribution

      Syntactic words
    • nabactmistake, misapprehension
    • vibe baseless; be misguided
    謫  zhé OC: krleeɡ MC: ʈɣɛk 1 Attribution

      Syntactic words
    • nabdefect, mistake
    躗  wèi OC: qhruuds MC: hɣɛi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadNmistaken; exaggerated
    異學  yì xué OC: p-lɯɡs ɡruuɡ MC: jɨ ɦɣɔk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNheterodox
    惑志  huò zhì OC: ɡʷɯɯɡ kljɯs MC: ɦək tɕɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPab{vt+N}psychmisunderstanding 有惑志於
    失之  shī zhī OC: lʰiɡ kljɯ MC: ɕit tɕɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiprocessget things wrong
    失口  shī kǒu OC: lʰiɡ khooʔ MC: ɕit khu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVby way of a verbal mistake
    誑妄  kuáng wàng OC: ɡʷaŋ maŋs MC: gi̯ɐŋ mi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychinsane delusion
    無有是處  wú yǒu shì chù OC: ma ɢʷɯʔ ɡljeʔ qhljas MC: mi̯o ɦɨu dʑiɛ tɕhi̯ɤ 1 Attribution
    • 大方廣佛華嚴經 Dà fāngguǎng Fó huāyán jīng Avataṃsaka sūtra Taishō ( AVATAMSAKA(B)) p. 185b28-c1

      是故我當自修正行，亦勸於他。令修正行。何以故？若自不能修行正行，令他修者，無有是處。

      Syntactic words
    • VPiidiomthis place does not exist > (this) will lead nowhere, be mistaken, this won't get you anywhere! (idiomatic phrase)
    失時  shī shí OC: lʰiɡ ɡljɯ MC: ɕit dʑɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPioccur at the wrong time; be at the wrong time; fail to conduct things at the right time; act at the wrong time
    惑著  huò zhuó OC: ɡʷɯɯɡ k-laɡ MC: ɦək ʈi̯ɐk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychmistaken tendency, mistaken way of thinking; mistaken attachment to something
    迷復  mí fù OC: mii buɡ MC: mei buk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactpersist in one delusions; fail to make amends
    過度  guò dù OC: klools ɡ-laaɡs MC: kʷɑ duo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactgo beyond the bounds of what is right; make mistakes
    失謬  shī miù OC: lʰiɡ mɢrus MC: ɕit mi̯u 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe thoroughly misguided
    缺然  quē rán OC: khʷeed njen MC: khet ȵiɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe mistaken; get things wrong; engage in something futile
    大過  dà dài guò MC: dajH kwaH OC: daads klools 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactmajor transgressionCH
    錯解  cuò jiě OC: skhaaɡ kreeʔ MC: tshɑk kɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)misunderstand a contextually determinate matter N
    錯謬  cuò miù OC: skhaaɡ mɢrus MC: tshɑk mi̯u 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe mistaken, be wrong
    僻違  pì wéi MC: phjiek hjw+j OC: pheɡ ɢul 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe totally confused and mistakenLZ
    差誤  chā wù OC: skhraal ŋʷaas MC: ʈʂhɣɛ ŋuo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmistake, error
    • VPihave been got wrong, be in wrong shape
    災  zāi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabmishapCH
    缺  quē OC: khʷeed MC: khet 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nlack; deficiency; defect
    • vihave defects
    妖妄  yāo wàng OC: qrow maŋs MC: ʔiɛu mi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNwildly mistaken
    傷  shāng OC: lʰaŋ MC: ɕi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003: be wrong by (an amount)
    少  shǎo OC: hmljewʔ MC: ɕiɛu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabmathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
    謬誤  miù wù OC: mɢrus ŋʷaas MC: mi̯u ŋuo̝ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe mistaken