Taxonomy of meanings for 痛:　　

  • 痛 tòng (OC: kh-looŋs MC: tʰuŋ) 他貢切 去 廣韻：【病也傷也姓出姓苑他貢切一 】
    • DAMAGE
      • vtoNcausativecause pain to> harm
    • INTENSELY
      • vadVintensely
    • PAIN
      • nabpsychpain
      • vibe painful (part of the body)
      • vtoNPab{S}feel pain at the fact that S
      • vtoNputativehave painful thoughts regardingCH
      • vtoNfeel painful sympathy forCH
    • WORRY
      • vtoNpassivebe worried
    • SAD
      • DISTRESS
        • HATE
          • SYMPATHY
            • SEVERE
              • HAPPY
                • HIGH
                  • IF
                    • SURNAMES

                      Additional information about 痛

                      說文解字: 【痛】，病也。从疒、甬聲。 【他貢切】 〔小徐本此字次於「痡」字之後。〕

                        Criteria
                      • PAIN

                        1. The clearly dominant general word for physical pain is tòng 痛 (ant. shū 舒 "feel well" and wú yàng 無恙 "fail nothing").

                        NB: Curiously, it is hard to think of other common words for pain. Téng 疼 is post-Buddhist.

                      • INTENSELY

                        1. The current general word referring to high degree of something or intensity of the application of a predicate is shèn 甚 (ant.* post-Buddhist (NANBEICHAO) lŸè 略 "slightly").

                        2. Yǐ 已 and dà 大 refer to an extreme degree. See also EXCESSIVE

                        3. Zhì 至 and jí 極 refers to the ultimate or extreme high degree of something, but the meaning of jí 極 was weakened by Han times times to something like the general meaning of shèn 甚.

                        4. Zuì 最 refers to the largest degree or highest intensity within a given set compared. See MOST.

                        5. Jìng 勁 and jí 疾 add the notion of vigour to that of intensity of degree.

                        6. Hòu 厚 typically refers to a high degree or high intensity of something positive.

                        7. Zhòng 重 freely refers to an impressive intensity beyond expectation of both positive or negative qualities or actions.

                        8. Tòng 痛 refers specifically to a high degree of feelings or emotions.

                        Word relations
                      • Contrast: (PAIN)苦/BITTER The general word for bitterness is kǔ 苦 (ant. gān 甘 "sweet; tasty"), and this word is heavenly laden with metaphorical potentialities.
                      • Assoc: (PAIN)悲/SAD The general word for sadness of any kind is bēi 悲 (ant. huān 歡 "joyful" and xǐ 喜 "delighted").
                      • Assoc: (PAIN)愁/SAD Chóu 愁 refers to an internalised sadness one is reluctant to show openly.
                      • Assoc: (PAIN)苦/DISTRESS Kǔ 苦 and the much rarer xīn 辛 (ant. lè 樂 "be in a joyful state") refer to a lasting objective state of distress caused by identifiable external conditions.