PHILOSOPHY    哲學

SYSTEMATIC STUDY AIMING for WISDOM AND AIMING to be BASED on SYSTEMATIC EXPLAIN:explanation AND PROVE:proof.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. Xué 學 can refer to the systematic study of the fundamentals of life, which is typically taken to involve the emulation of a master. 2. Jiā 家 can refer to the bibliographic classification of philosophical lineage or school of thought, especially from Han times onwards, as in the six schools (liù jiā 六家 ) of "philosophy" discussed by the father of Chinese historiography, Sīmǎ Tán 司馬談. 2. Dàoxué 道學 can refer to the pursuit of Taoist or Confucian philosophy (but the term also refers to the pursuit of Taoist religious practices) from Tang times onwards.
Modern Chinese Criteria
哲學 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／ For a good list of modern terminology see the database by Amelung, Kurtz, and Lackner on modern Chinese sciencific terminology.
Hyponym
  • METAPHYSICS　PHILOSOPHY which SYSTEMATICALLY INVESTIGATES the PRINCIPLES of EXISTENCE. (anc: 16/0, child: 0)
  • LOGIC　SYSTEMATIC SCIENCE of CORRECT PROOF. (anc: 16/0, child: 0)
  • BUDDHISM　PHILOSOPHY OR RELIGION BASED ON THE TEACHING of the BUDDHA (anc: 16/0, child: 0)
See also
Hypernym
  • STUDY　INVESTIGATE THINGS OR IMITATE ANOTHER so as to STRIVE FOR SKILLFULNESS, KNOWING AND UNDERSTANDING. (anc: 14/0, child: 4)
  • IMITATE　CONFORM to TYPICAL ACTIONS of a HUMAN OR ANIMAL so as to RESEMBLE THAT HUMAN OR ANIMAL. (anc: 13/0, child: 3)
  • CONFORM　ACT so as to NOT to OFFEND against RULES OR a MODEL. (anc: 12/0, child: 6)
Other Hypernyms
  • STUDYnew-6550b492-d4e4-45ba-90b4-92d4e425ba10　INVESTIGATE THINGS OR IMITATE ANOTHER so as to STRIVE FOR SKILLFULNESS, KNOWING AND UNDERSTANDING. (anc: 14/0, child: 4)
  • INVESTIGATE　TRY SYSTEMATICALLY to UNDERSTAND. (anc: 13/0, child: 5)
  • TRY　ACT, BUT DOUBT WHETHER one WILL be SUCCESSFUL ACTING. (anc: 12/0, child: 9)
  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    PHILOSOPHIA

  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. II.42

  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. II.571

  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. III.429

    WELTANSCHAUUNG

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 3.1654

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 7.572

    PHILOSOPHIE

  • Das grosse China-Lexikon ( STAIGER 2003) p. 563

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Rhetorik ( UEDING 1992ff) p. 6.968

  • Keywords. A Vocabulary of Culture and Society ( WILLIAMS 1976) p.

  • Histoire des moeurs ( POIRIER 1991) p. 2.1488- 1544

    • Words (13 items)

    道術  dào shù OC: ɡ-luuʔ ɢljud MC: dɑu ʑʷit 68 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Object: 求索/SEEK
    • Object: 知/UNDERSTAND The standard current and word for understanding something and knowing how to do something is zhī 知 (ant. mèi 昧 "not have the foggiest idea")
    • Object: 求/SEEK The current general word for trying to find or get something is qiú 求.
    • Object: 修 / 脩/CULTIVATE The current general term for cultivating something or refining it is xiū 修 (from Han times onwards sometimes also miswritten as xiū 脩, ant.* màn 慢 "neglect the cultivation of").
    • Object: 積/ACCUMULATE The current general word for accumulating anything concrete or abstract is jī 積 (ant. sǎn 散 "be dispersed"). [LARGE-SCALE], [LASTING]
    • Object: 申/EXPLAIN
    • Object: 博/BROAD Bó 博 (ant. yuē 約 "confined") is primarily metaphorical in application, and its concrete senses applied to physical objects are derived senses of the word only.
    • Epithet: 通明/CLEAR
    • Epithet: 美 / 媄 / 媺/BEAUTIFUL The general word is měi 美 "handsome and admirable" (ant. è 惡 "ugly") which refers to anything concrete or abstract which is attractive or handsome in a dignified way, and the word often retains its primary culinary sense of "tasty". [GENERAL], [GRADED]; [[COMMON]]
    • Epithet: 先王/RULER the conventionally defined closed set of early kings
    • Epithet: 精 / 菁/EXCELLENT Jīng 精 (of general application) (ant. cū 粗 "of only rough quality") and ruì 銳(typically applied to military prowess) (ant. dùn 鈍 "of lesser quality") refer to above-average performance without suggestion individual excellence.
    • Contrast: 德行/VIRTUE

      Syntactic words
    • NPab.adNlearned in philosophy; regarding matters of (the true) philosophyCH
    • NPabmethodphilosophy; philosophies (also奇方道術 “strange philosophies, or even philosophies from strange places?？）
    • NPabtrue(the) true philosophyCH
    • NPabtrue medicaltrue medical philosophyCH
    道術之士  dào shù zhī shì MC: dawX zywit tsyi dzriX OC: ɡ-luuʔ ɢljud kljɯ dzrɯʔ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPagentphilosopher; philosophersCH
    道學  dào xué MC: dawX haewk OC: ɡ-luuʔ ɡruuɡ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabphilosophical (traditional) learningCH
    墨家  mò jiā OC: mɯɯɡ kraa MC: mək kɣɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPMohism
    道術度量  dào shù dù liàng MC: dawX zywit duH ljangH OC: ɡ-luuʔ ɢljud ɡ-laaɡs ɡ-raŋs 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabphilosophical criterion, philosophical measure of truthCH
    慕道術人  mù dào shù rén MC: muH dawX zywit nyin OC: maaɡs ɡ-luuʔ ɢljud njin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NP{PRED}agentbe a philosopher, be a person with a philosophical trainingCH
    道術士  dào shù shì MC: dawX zywit dzriX OC: ɡ-luuʔ ɢljud dzrɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPagentscholar learned in a philosophy, in the true philosophyCH
    儒家  rú jiā OC: njo kraa MC: ȵi̯o kɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPConfucianism
    欲智  yù zhì OC: k-loɡ tes MC: ji̯ok ʈiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPidesire to be wise; desire to become wise
    道術之人  dào shù zhī rén MC: dawX zywit tsyi nyin OC: ɡ-luuʔ ɢljud kljɯ njin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPmen trained in philosophyCH
    三藏學  sān zàng xué OC: saam sɡaaŋs ɡruuɡ MC: sɑm dzɑŋ ɦɣɔk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychBUDDH: specialisation in the three baskets of Buddhist texts
    道家  dào jiā OC: ɡ-luuʔ kraa MC: dɑu kɣɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychTaoism
    道教  dào jiào OC: ɡ-luuʔ kruus MC: dɑu kɣɛu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactmoral teaching; philosophy