UNRESTRAINED    隨心所欲恣

LACK MODERATION AND ACT CONFORMING to one's DESIRES.
UNCONTROLLEDRAMPANTRUNAWAYUNCONSTRAINEDUNRESTRICTEDUNRESERVEDUNCHECKEDUNBRIDLEDUNLIMITEDUNFETTEREDUNINHIBITEDFULL ONUNBOUNDEDUNMUFFLEREDUNDISCIPLINED
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for lack of restraint and indulgence is zī 恣 (ant. jié 節 "exercise moderation"). 2. Zòng 縱 (ant. yuē 約 "be limited by constraints") refers pejoratively to lack of restraint. 3. Sì 肆 and dàng 蕩 (ant. jū 拘 "be properly restrained") refer often positively to lack of inhibitions and a freedom of behaviour. 4. Fàng 放 (ant. liǎn 斂 "be restrained") refers to a deliberate act of removing social or other inhibitions. 5. Yín 淫 can come to refer to extravagance as a symptom of general indulgence.
Modern Chinese Criteria
任意 肆意 隨意 恣意 任性 無度 自由 隨便 輕易 擅自 擅 隨 隨心所欲 不管三七二十一 放鬆 鬆勁 鬆 放蕩 輕脫 荒唐 浪蕩 浪放 放浪 浪跡 放浪形骸 放蕩不羈 落拓不羈 不拘小節 不拘形跡 灑脫不拘 玩世不恭 不衫不履 不修邊幅 粗服亂頭 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • FRIVOLOUS　UNRESTRAINED so as to LACK SERIOUSNESS. (anc: 8/0, child: 0)
  • FREE　LEGITIMATELY UNRESTRAINED in DEFINED ways.[[FREI]] (anc: 8/0, child: 2)
Antonym
  • DECENTGOOD so as to CONFORM to CUSTOMS in a GROUP.
  • MODERATIONCULTIVATE ONESELF so as to cause oneself to BE ENDURINGLY RESTRAINED.
See also
  • CRAZYVOLUNTARILY DIFFERENT from CUSTOM.
  • FEASTMEETING of a GROUP of HUMANS:people FOR:in-order-to ENJOY OFTEN:typically FOOD, DIALOGUE AND ENTERTAINMENT.
Hypernym
  • LACK　SITUATION OF NOT HAVING, OR NOT to BEING-IN the UNIVERSE. (anc: 6/0, child: 48)
  • SITUATION　RELATION in which MANY HUMANS, FEATURES OR THINGS EXIST TOGETHER OR INTERACT. (anc: 5/0, child: 11)
  • RELATION　FEATURE of TWO OR MORE THINGS TOGETHER. (anc: 4/0, child: 15)
  • Novyj objasnitel'nyj Slovar' Sinonimov Russkogo Jazyka ( APRESJAN 2004) p. 464; 953

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    INDULGENTIA

    INTEMPERANTIA

    LICENTIA

  • Theophrast, Charaktere ( THEOPHRASTUS 1960) p. no. 11

  • Quiddities. An Intermittently Philosophical Dictionary ( QUINE 1987) p. 57

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 2.1521103

    CONCUPISCENCE.CUPIDITE.AVIDEITE.CONVOITISE; LUXURE.LUBRICITE.LASCIVETE

  • Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography ( ROBERTS 1998) p. 94

    ORGY

    • Words (76 items)

    淫  yín OC: lɯm MC: jim 54 Attributions

    Yín 淫 can come to refer to extravagance as a symptom of general indulgence.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 善/GOOD The general term for positive appraisal of any kind in Chinese is shàn 善 (ant. è 惡 "bad").
    • Ant: 正/CORRECT The standard word for conformity with an established standard of behavioural or physical allignment zhèng 正(ant. xié 邪).
    • Ant: 義/RECTITUDE The most general word is yì 義 "rectitude" which is often used to refer to what is proper and what is one's proper duty in general and also duties in particular.
    • Epithet: 辭/PROSE
    • Contrast: 侈/EXTRAVAGANT Chǐ 侈 (ant. jié 節 "moderate in the use of resources") always refers to manifestly reprehensible extravagance with no connotation of laudable generosity.
    • Contrast: 擇/BAD
    • Assoc: 浮/FRIVOLOUS Fú 浮 sometimes refers to the kind of flippancy or frivolousness that might call for criticism but is not viewed as entirely serious.
    • Assoc: 殆/DANGER Dài 殆 is primarily perceived danger.
    • Assoc: 奢/EXTRAVAGANT Shē 奢 (ant. jiǎn 儉 "parsimonious") is excessive conspicuous consumption or use of money for one's private purposes, with or without demonstrative large scale extravagance, and the word is not necessarily pejorative.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactself-indulgence; wantonness; frivolity; extravagance; licentiousness; inappropriate informality
    • nabpsychself-indulgence; wantonness/licentiousness of attitude
    • v[adN]those who are self-indulgent or irresponsible; those who do not show proper restraint; those who are excessive; the reckless
    • v[adN]N=humthe self-indulgent; the profligate; the frivolous, the extravagant people
    • vadNself-indulgent; extravagant, inappropriately informal; frivolous; sentimental
    • vadVin a self-indulgent way; in an untrammelled way, freely; to one's heart's content
    • vibe unwarranted (versus right and just); be wanton; be self-indulgent; be sentimental??
    • viactbe self-indulgent; be frivolous, be licentious; be overly free; indulge oneself; be immoderate
    • vichangebecome self-indulgent; become frivolous and extravagant; become unrestrained
    • vifigurativebe extravagant and excessive; be immoderate
    • vt+prep+Noverindulge oneself in respect of
    • vtoNoverindulge in
    • vtoNcausativedeprave
    • vtoNpassivebe depraved by (causative and passive!)
    苟  gǒu OC: kooʔ MC: ku
    茍  jì OC: kɯɡ MC: kɨk 20 Attributions

      Word relations

      Syntactic words
    • vadNirregularly achieved, inappropriately obtained
    • vadVirresponsibly, in an unregimented manner, arbitrarily; irregularly, improperly
    • viactbe irresponsible THERE IS A MESS-UP WITH THE GRAPHS, READ gǒu:
    • vt+prep+Nbe unrestrained in relation to; pay immoderate and uncontrolled attention to
    • vtoNbe irresponsible and negligent, be arbitrary with respect to something THERE IS A MESS-UP WITH THE GRAPHS, READ gǒu:
    恣  zì OC: stis MC: tsi 17 Attributions

    The current general word for lack of restraint and indulgence is zī 恣 (ant. jié 節 "exercise moderation").

      Syntactic words
    • nabindulgence, self-indulgenceCH
    • vadNself-indulgent, unrestrained
    • vadVto one's heart's content
    • viactbe unrestrained, be licentious, be self-indulgent
    • vichangebecome unrestrained
    • vt+prep+Nbe unrestrained with respect to
    • vtoNgive free play to
    • vtoNcausativecause (oneself) to be unrestrained> give free rein to (oneself)
    放逸  fàng yì OC: paŋs lid MC: pi̯ɐŋ jit 15 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • NPabactextravagance; uncontrolled behaviour; lack of restraint
    • VPiactact in an unrestrained way, be extragagant
    自由  zì yóu OC: sblids liw MC: dzi jɨu 14 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabindependance, reliance on oneself
    • vadNunrestrained by conventions, untrammelledCH
    • VPadVas one pleases; in an unrestrained mannerCH
    • VPiact.pejorativebe self-willed; act in a self-willed irresponsible way; be untrammelled, be overindulgent ZUO ed Li Xueqin 13jing p. 128:，專權自由耳，非正也。cf. ibid. p. 1140 」其意言君則進止自由CH
    • VPtpostN{OBJ}be independant with regard to; be free with regard to
    縱  zòng OC: tsoŋs MC: tsi̯oŋ
    從  zòng OC: dzoŋs MC: dzi̯oŋ 14 Attributions

    Zòng 縱 (ant. yuē 約 "be limited by constraints") refers pejoratively to lack of restraint.

      Syntactic words
    • viactbe unrestrained
    • vt+prep+Ngive free rein to; let oneself go with; indulge in
    • vtoNZUO Zhao 10, vt: give free rein to (one's desires etc.)
    • vtoNliteralleave to hang loosely, loosen the grip onCH
    • vtoNpsychgive free rein to (oneself)
    肆  sì OC: plils MC: si 12 Attributions

    Sì 肆 and dàng 蕩 (ant. jū 拘 "be properly restrained") refer often positively to lack of inhibitions and a freedom of behaviour.

      Word relations
    • Inconsist: 直/STRAIGHT The current general word for something concrete or abstract being straight in any abstract or concrete way is zhí 直 (ant. wān 彎 "bent")
    • Ant: 拘/RESTRAIN

      Syntactic words
    • nabactacts of profligacy or indulgenceCH
    • vadNprofligate (behaviour), unrestrained
    • vadVin an uncontrolled haphazard fashion
    • vibe uninhibited and unrestrained
    • viactbe indulgent; be unrestrained; be untrammelled; be uninhibited
    • vtoNindulge in 肆於
    放  fàng OC: paŋs MC: pi̯ɐŋ 11 Attributions

    Fàng 放 (ant. liǎn 斂 "be restrained") refers to a deliberate act of removing social or other inhibitions.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 淫/LEWD The current general word for lewdness and lasciviousness in attitude and in action is yín 淫 (ant. jié 節 "decently restrained").

      Syntactic words
    • nabactlicence; lack of restraint, wantonnessCH
    • nabpsychlack of restraint, wantonness
    • vadNunrestrained, not properly controlled
    • vadVin an unrestrained way
    • viexpress oneself quite freelyCH
    • viactgive free rein to one's desires
    • vtoNgive free rein to; release freely; be unrestrained with respect to, fail to show proper control with respect to
    自在  zì zài OC: sblids sɡɯɯʔ MC: dzi dzəi 7 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • VPiactto exist in the world in a natural way > be unrestrained; be natural; follow one's natural inclinations
    蕩  dàng OC: ɡ-laaŋʔ MC: dɑŋ 6 Attributions

    Sì 肆 and dàng 蕩 (ant. jū 拘 "be properly restrained") refer often positively to lack of inhibitions and a freedom of behaviour.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactprofligacy; extravagance
    • vadNLY 17.14: dissolute, irresponsible, abandoned, profligate
    • viLY 17.14: be dissolute, irresponsible, abandoned, profligate
    • vi.redbe all unrestrained
    • vichangebecome uncontrolled; become dissolute
    • vtoNcausativecause (someone) to be unrestrained, unsettle
    恣睢  zì huì MC: tsijH xjwijX OC: stis qhluls 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPab楊注： u 恣睢，矜放之貌。self-indulgent pride;self-indulgence, unrestrainednessLZ
    • VPi楊注： u 恣睢，矜放之貌。be indulgently proud; self-indulgent, unrestrainedLZ
    罔極  wǎng jí OC: maŋʔ ɡɯɡ MC: mi̯ɐŋ gɨk 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPsubject=humanthe reckless ones
    • VPibe reckless; be out of control; know no boundaries
    • VPpostadVwithout restraint; without constraint; endlessly
    橫  hèng OC: ɡʷraaŋs MC: ɦɣaŋ 5 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 行/TRAVEL The standard word for travelling for any purpose is xíng 行.
    • Contrast: 恣/UNRESTRAINED The current general word for lack of restraint and indulgence is zī 恣 (ant. jié 節 "exercise moderation").

      Syntactic words
    • vadVhèng in a wayward manner, in an unregulated manner; without proper reason or justification
    濫  làn OC: ɡ-raams MC: lɑm 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVin an unrestrained manner
    • vibe excessive, dissolute
    自恣  zì zì OC: sblids stis MC: dzi tsi 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVwithout imposing any constraints
    • VPido as one pleases, (be able to) follow one's whims, be unrestrainedCH
    • VPtoNuse without restraint
    遁  dùn OC: ɡ-luuns MC: duo̝n 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nactabandon oneself to, indulge in
    容  róng OC: k-loŋ MC: ji̯oŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe nonchalantCH
    • vi.red:adVwithout imposing one's standards, with irresponsible tolerance for injusticeCH
    • vtoNcausativegive (oneself) free space, create room for (oneself) [WHERE SHOULD THIS ITEM END UP???]
    逸  yì OC: lid MC: jit 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabpleasant relaxationCH
    • vadNpleasantly unrestrained
    縱恣  zòng zì OC: tsoŋs stis MC: tsi̯oŋ tsi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactbe unrestrained
    • VPt prep Nbe unrestrained with regard to NCH
    縱橫  zòng héng OC: tsoŋs ɡʷraaŋ MC: tsi̯oŋ ɦɣaŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPihorizontally and vertically > free, unrestrained, criss and cross
    • VPpostadVin every possible wayCH
    縱欲  zòng yù OC: tsoŋs k-loɡ MC: tsi̯oŋ ji̯ok 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPigive free rein to ones impulses; be unrestrained
    一任  yī rèn OC: qliɡ njɯms MC: ʔit ȵim 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt+V[0]late colloquial: (let somebody) V as one pleases, V no matter what (occasionally also used in Tang Poetry)
    • VPt[0]oSbe free to S; it is perfectly allright that S
    宥  yòu MC: hjuwH OC: ɢʷɯs 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychologicalunrestrained self-indulgenceCH
    • vtoNpermissiveallow to exist uninterfered withCH
    率  shuài MC: srwijH OC: sruds 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVat uninhibited speed; with comfortable expediencyCH
    • vi-pactbe spontaneous, act with uninhibited speed, be rashCH
    荒  huāng OC: hmaaŋ MC: hɑŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vibe excessive
    坦然  tǎn rán OC: thaanʔ njen MC: thɑn ȵiɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe frank and free, have peace of mind
    騁懷  chěng huái MC: trhjengX hweaj OC: phrleŋʔ ɡruul 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPigive free rein to one's feelingsDS
    肆縱  sì zòng MC: sijH tsjowng OC: plils tsoŋs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe indulgentCH
    逐  zhú MC: drjuwk OC: rlɯwɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viunrestrained, frivolousLZ
    放任  fàng rèn MC: pjangH nyimH OC: paŋs njɯms 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactgive free rein to oneself, act as one pleasesCH
    悠悠  yōu yōu OC: k-lɯw k-lɯw MC: jɨu jɨu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vi.redactbe unrestrained and negligent
    淫佚  yín yì MC: yim yit OC: -- liɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactbe unrestrained, do as one pleasesCH
    黜  chù OC: khrlud MC: ʈhʷit 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viactshow lack of restraint
    放恣  fàng zì MC: pjangH tsijH OC: paŋs stis 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe unrestrained, do as one pleasesCH
    流淫  liú yín MC: ljuw yim OC: ru -- 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe licentious, be frivolousLZ
    恣縱  zì zòng MC: tsijH tsjowng OC: stis tsoŋs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe unrestrained; do as one pleasesCH
    放浪  fàng làng MC: pjangH langH OC: paŋs ɡ-raaŋs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPi N{PLACE}behave without restrain at a place NDS
    憍恣  jiāo zì MC: kjew tsijH OC: krew stis 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe recklessly unrestrainedCH
    淫放  yín fàng OC: lɯm paŋs MC: jim pi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactbe freely indulgent, be extravagantly free
    苟心  gǒu xīn MC: kuwX sim OC: kooʔ slɯm 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPab[post-N]psychsomebody's psychological tendency to obtain things in an improper wayDS
    轉徙  zhuǎn xǐ MC: trjwenX sjeX OC: tonʔ selʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfree development; free spiritual movementCH
    不勝  bù shēng MC: pjut sying OC: pɯʔ lʰɯŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNobject=psychbe unable to control the feeling N; DS
    放蕩  fàng dàng OC: paŋs ɡ-laaŋʔ MC: pi̯ɐŋ dɑŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe unrestrained
    自逸  zì yì OC: sblids lid MC: dzi jit 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe indulgent
    使  shǐ OC: srɯʔ MC: ʂɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNbe unrestrained with respect to; make unrestrained use of; indulge excessively in
    逞志  chěng zhì OC: theŋʔ kljɯs MC: ʈhiɛŋ tɕɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactindulge oneself; follow one's inclinations freely
    哇  wā MC: 'ea OC: qree 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]unrestrained and unruly blubbering in musicCH
    在  zài OC: sɡɯɯʔ MC: dzəi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vipermissiveallow oneself to exist freely as one is (ZHUANG 在宥)
    • vtoNallow N to be untampered with, to be free to be itselfCH
    坦  tǎn OC: thaanʔ MC: thɑn 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 蕩/UNRESTRAINED Sì 肆 and dàng 蕩 (ant. jū 拘 "be properly restrained") refer often positively to lack of inhibitions and a freedom of behaviour.

      Syntactic words
    • vifrank and free
    擅  shàn MC: dzyenH OC: djans 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabunrestrained wantonness; sefish recklessCH
    權  quán MC: gjwen OC: ɡron 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNmake unrestrained and unauthorised use of N; issue unauthorised N (orders etc)CH
    泆  yì OC: liɡ MC: jit 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychdissipation
    流  liú MC: ljuw OC: ru 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vibe frivolous, be extravagantLZ
    滋蔓  zī màn OC: tsɯ mons MC: tsɨ mi̯ɐn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactact in an unrestrained manner
    肆志  sì zhì MC: sijH tsyiH OC: plils kljɯs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPifeel free and untrammelled, feel unrestrainedCH
    任意  rèn yì MC: nyimH 'iH OC: njɯms qɯɡs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVV according one's wishDS
    狂  kuáng 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadNunrulyCH
    翛  shū MC: syuwk OC: qhljɯwɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vimake sure one is untrammelled, completely unrestrainedCH
    恣情  zì qíng OC: stis dzeŋ MC: tsi dziɛŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNindulge one's passions in
    鄭  zhèng OC: deŋs MC: ɖiɛŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe licentious (in the style of the poetry of Zhe4ng)
    無戒  wú jiè OC: ma krɯɯɡs MC: mi̯o kɣɛi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe unrestrained by proper rules
    淫亂  yín luàn OC: lɯm ɡ-roons MC: jim lʷɑn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiresultativebe unrestrained so as to create chaos
    失容  shī róng OC: lʰiɡ k-loŋ MC: ɕit ji̯oŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactlose one's composure; cease to behave properly
    雜濫  zá làn OC: sɡuub ɡ-raams MC: dzəp lɑm 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNmixed and unrestrained > superfluous, excessive (> vulgar)
    苟焉  gǒu yān OC: kooʔ ɢan MC: ku ɦiɛn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVin an irregular or unrestrained manner
    且  qiě OC:  MC: tshɣɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVin an unprincipled way
    • vibe irresponsible and ad hoc 茍且
    哆  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe dissipated; be profligate
    怛  dá MC: tat OC: taad 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe unrestrainedCH
    狂簡  kuáng jiǎn OC: ɡʷaŋ kreenʔ MC: gi̯ɐŋ kɣɛn 0 Attributions

    be wanton and lacking diligence

      Syntactic words
    • VPibe unruly
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNmake unrestrained and unauthorised use of N; issue unauthorised N (orders etc)CH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactbe unrestrained, do as one pleasesCH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vi-pactbe cursory, act with uninhibited speed, be rashCH
    浪  làng OC: ɡ-raaŋs MC: lɑŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viexcessive, reckless, dissolute (SHI)
    不羈  bù jī OC: pɯʔ kral MC: pi̯ut kiɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactbe unrestrained
    疏  shū OC: sqra MC: ʂi̯ɤ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNlax, loose, unrestrained
    • vibe unrestrained in behaviour, be leax in conduct
    睢  huī OC: qhlul MC: hiɛ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibe uninhibited