FOLLOW    跟隨從／隨

WALK TOGETHER with AND BEHIND.
COME BEHINDCOME AFTERGO BEHINDGO AFTERWALK BEHIND
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The dominant current word for moving along behind someone or something else, both in concrete and in abstract senses, is cóng 從 (ant. bèi 背 "be in opposition against"). 2. Suí 隨 is to move along literally behind someone, by a deliberate act of volition. 3. Zūn 遵 refers primarily to the kind of deliberate following of a path, behaviour that is motivated by respect for what one follows, but sometimes the word is also used in a more generalised way referring to a person following a certain physical guideline without any suggestion of respect for this guideline, as in MENG 遵海而南 "head south along the shore of the sea". 4. Xún 循 is to follow certain guidelines or a certain prescribed path, as a matter of prudential strategy, and typically in a rather mechanical or habitual manner. 5. Yǎn 沿 is to follow a physical guideline (like a river bank) in a mechanical way. 6. Hòu 後 and zhǒng 踵 is to follow literally in the footsteps of someone. 7. Tīng 聽 refers to the abstract notion of following advice given to one as a superior. See OBEY 8. Yì 役 and xùn 徇 are fairly rare when used as words referring to the deliberate act of becoming someone's follower or employee. 9. Xí 襲 refers to a mechanical course of action in conformity with some pattern. 10. Zé 則 refers to the following of a certain abstract principle or model person to which due attention is paid. See CONFORM
Modern Chinese Criteria
跟隨 尾隨 隨從 釘 refers to to following someone closely. 跟 隨 踵 從 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • ACCOMPANY　FOLLOW AND be TOGETHER with, TYPICALLY so as to SERVE. (anc: 13/0, child: 0)
  • PURSUE　FOLLOW so as to TRY to REACH OR CATCH. (anc: 13/0, child: 0)
  • AFTER　FOLLOWing IN TIME AND OCCUR WHEN SOMETHING HAS OCCURRED.   (anc: 13/0, child: 0)
Antonym
  • LEADCONTROL so as to CAUSE TO FOLLOW OR OBEY oneself.
See also
  • FAREWELLADDRESS someone to REPORT that one is FUTURE:about-to LEAVE, OFTEN:typically COMMUNICATING one's GOOD WISHES FOR him.
Hypernym
  • WALK　MOVE across the FLOOR>ground USING one's LEGS. (anc: 11/0, child: 16)
  • MOVE　CHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION. (anc: 10/0, child: 21)
  • CHANGE　EVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2. (anc: 9/0, child: 18)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 10.52

  • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 274

    Consequimur pedibus, adsequimur studio.

    103. Agraet.: Consequimur studio, assequimur voto.

    ]

    103. Inter Consequimur et assequimur. Consequimur pedibus, assequimur studio.

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p.

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1455

    遵，循

    • Words (43 items)

    從  cóng OC: dzoŋ MC: dzi̯oŋ 54 Attributions

    The dominant current word for moving along behind someone or something else, both in concrete and in abstract senses, is cóng 從 (ant. bèi 背 "be in opposition against").

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 由/CONFORM Yóu 由 refers to conformity construed as a matter of taking something as one's starting point or point of orientation.
    • Assoc: 附/APPROACH Fù 附 is to move very close up indeed to something, often getting attached to it. [HIGH-DEGREE], [LITERAL]
    • Assoc: 附/FOLLOW
    • Synon: 隨/FOLLOW Suí 隨 is to move along literally behind someone, by a deliberate act of volition.
    • Oppos: 驅/LEAD Qū 驅 is to drive a conveyance at high speed, or to have it driven for one at high speed.

      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)follow along with, follow the leadership of a contextually determinate person
    • vt(oN.)adVin pursuit of/following in the footsteps of the contextually determinate object N
    • vt(oN.)adVomfollowing a contextually determinate person along
    • vt+prep+N.adVfollowing, in conjunction with and under the leadership of
    • vt+prep+Nfigurativefollow and support N
    • vt+prep+Ninchoativefigurative: join the followers and supporters of; start followingCH
    • vtoNliterally: follow after, go along with, come along
    • vtoNsucceedCH
    • vtoN.adVfollowing; moving along with; as a follower of
    • vtoNcausativecause to become a follower, invite to become a follower
    • vtoNcausativefigurative: cause to follow long, cause to follow suitCH
    • vtoNcontinuativeaccompany as a follower
    • vtoNfigurativebecome a follower of; be a follower of; become a disciple of; follow and obey (a person) as a follower
    • vtoNimperativefollow N!
    • vtoNN=nonhufollow along with (changes etc)CH
    • vtoNpassivebe followed (as a deliberate act)
    • vtoNpassive, causativebe caused to followCH
    • vttoN1.+N2{PLACE}follow N1 until the place N2
    遵  zūn OC: tsun MC: tsʷin 41 Attributions

    Zūn 遵 refers primarily to the kind of deliberate following of a path, behaviour that is motivated by respect for what one follows, but sometimes the word is also used in a more generalised way referring to a person following a certain physical guideline without any suggestion of respect for this guideline, as in MENG 遵海而南"head south along the shore of the sea".

      Syntactic words
    • vt prep Nfollow the outlines of, followCH
    • vt(oN)follow; walk along with a contextually determinate object
    • vtoNfollow (the bank of a river); follow along; follow the course of; pass through in following one's course
    • vtoNfigurativekeep faithfully and earnestly to the path of
    隨  suí MC: zjwe OC: sɢlol 33 Attributions

    Suí 隨 is to move along literally behind someone, by a deliberate act of volition.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 反/OPPOSE
    • Object: 時/SEASON The general term for a season is shí 時, and the primary seasons are chūn 春 and qiū 秋, in Warring States times the names of the Four Seasons became current.
    • Synon: 從/FOLLOW The dominant current word for moving along behind someone or something else, both in concrete and in abstract senses, is cóng 從 (ant. bèi 背 "be in opposition against").
    • Oppos: 行/WALK The current general word for walking is xíng 行(ant. zhǐ 止 "stay put").

      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN.)adVfollowing the contextually determinate NCH
    • vt+prep+Nfollow (to a place)
    • vt[oN]follow behindDS
    • vtoNensue; follow behind (rather than go in front); trail behind and follow
    • vtoNfollow (as a supporter or servant or believer)CH
    • vtoN.adVfollowing N to V
    • vtt(oN.)+V[0]N=pivotallow the contextually determinate N to VCH
    聽  tīng OC: theeŋ MC: theŋ 23 Attributions

    Tīng 聽 refers to the abstract notion of following advice given to one as a superior. See OBEY

      Word relations
    • Ant: 拒/REFUSE Jù 拒 (ant. chéng 承 "accept (a task)") refers to emphatic refusal, a decision to have nothing to do with something.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactthe practice of following advice; the listening to advice
    • vt(oN)obey commands or follow demands from a contextually determinate person
    • vt+prep+Nfollow the advice of
    • vtoNfollow someone's advice
    • vtoNcausativeto cause a determinate person to follow (something N)
    • vtoNN=nonhudo as one is bidden by; follow (advice)
    • vtoNpassivebe listened to, be followed (as advice)
    帥  shuài OC: srud MC: ʂʷit
    率  shuài OC: sruds MC: ʂi 9 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactfollowership; following
    • vt(oN)attitudinaltreat the determinate object as a leader, follow the example of the determinate object
    • vtoNattitudinaltreat as one's leader, follow as one's leader
    • vtoNobject=examplefollow the example (constituted by something); follow as a duty
    襲  xí OC: zɯb MC: zip 7 Attributions

    Xí 襲 refers to a mechanical course of action in conformity with some pattern. See CONFORM

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow in the footsteps of; follow step by step; be in alliance with; also: go through (the lower ranks) (where does this meaning go?)
    順  shùn MC: zywinH  OC: ɢjuns 6 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Synon: 循/FOLLOW Xún 循 is to follow certain guidelines or a certain prescribed path, as a matter of prudential strategy, and typically in a rather mechanical or habitual manner.

      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)follow and conform to the contextually determinate NLZ
    • vtoN.adVfigurativeto V following NCH
    • vtoNfigurativefollow and conform toCH
    循  xún OC: sɢlun MC: zʷin 6 Attributions

    Xún 循 is to follow certain guidelines or a certain prescribed path, as a matter of prudential strategy, and typically in a rather mechanical or habitual manner.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 古/PAST
    • Object: 先 / 先/PRECEDE The current word for being first or coming first in time, or for being first in the order of importance, is xiān 先 (ant. hòu 後 "later").
    • Contrast: 因/RELY ON The general term for relying on something with confidence is yīn 因.
    • Synon: 順/FOLLOW
    • Synon: 法/IMITATE Fǎ 法 refers to modelling oneself on distant ideals, typical abstract, or historically placed in the distant mythical past.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow the course of (a shore, a river etc)
    • vtoN.adVV via thin airCH
    • vtoNfigurativefollow the same course of action as
    從服  cóng fú MC: dzjowng bjuwk OC: dzoŋ bɯɡ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)submissively follow the contextually determinate NLZ
    • VPtoNsubmissively followLZ
    沿  yán OC: lon MC: jiɛn 5 Attributions

    Yǎn 沿 is to follow a physical guideline (like a river bank) in a mechanical way.

      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nfollow; go along
    • vtoNfollow, go along (a river bank, or some line in the territory)
    • vtoNfigurativefollow; adopt; follow the example of
    從者  cóng zhě MC: dzjowng tsyaeX OC: dzoŋ kljaʔ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP(post-N)singularone of N's followersCH
    • NP[post-N]pluralthe subject's followersCH
    蹈  dào 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)(tread on the way) > to follow the contextually determinate NLZ
    • vtoNfigurativeto chase after NabLZ
    逐  zhú OC: rlɯwɡ MC: ɖuk 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow
    役  yì OC: ɢʷleɡ MC: jiɛk 2 Attributions

    Yì 役 and xùn 徇 are fairly rare when used as words referring to the deliberate act of becoming someone's follower or employee.

      Syntactic words
    • nsubject=humanfollower; disciple
    • vtoNenlist as a follower (understood: of Confucius)
    率  shuài OC: sruds MC: ʂi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoN.adVfollowing; along
    踵  zhǒng OC: tjoŋʔ MC: tɕi̯oŋ 1 Attribution

    Hòu 後 and zhǒng 踵 is to follow literally in the footsteps of someone.

      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)figurativefollow, follow in the footsteps of, follow the traces of (a contextually determinate person)
    • vtoNfollow, pursue
    鈆  qiān yuán MC: ywen OC: lon 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoN= yán 沿: to make N follow oneself, to make N obedientLZ
    隨  suí MC: zjwe OC: sɢlol 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow behindCH
    肩隨  jiān suí MC: ken zjwe OC: keen sɢlol 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfollow alongsideCH
    • VPtoNfollow alongsideCH
    襲跡  xí jì, jī OC: zɯb sklaɡ MC: zip tsiɛk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt+prep+Nfigurativefollow in the footsteps of
    躡踵  niè zhǒng MC: nrjep tsyowngX OC: mɢleb tjoŋʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)follow upon each other's heelsCH
    躡踵  niè zhǒng MC: nrjep tsyowngX OC: mɢleb tjoŋʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)follow upon each other's heelsCH
    安  ān OC: qaan MC: ʔɑn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow naturally, obey in an unforced way (the law etc) 安法
    率從  shuài cóng MC: srwit dzjowng OC: srud dzoŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfollowLZ
    繼踵  jì zhǒng MC: kejH tsyowngX OC: keeɡs tjoŋʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactfollow at the heels of each other, line up in queuesCH
    徇  xùn OC: sɢʷlins MC: zʷin 1 Attribution

    Yì 役 and xùn 徇 are fairly rare when used as words referring to the deliberate act of becoming someone's follower or employee.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNdecide to follow or join the staff of; join as a supporter
    比  bǐ MC: pjijX OC: piʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]figurativefollow the smoothly; fit into the contextCH
    濫  làn OC: ɡ-raams MC: lɑm 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow blindly, seek blindly?? ???
    從徒  cóng tú OC: dzoŋ daa MC: dzi̯oŋ duo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPsubject=humanfollowers, retainers
    胤  yìn OC: lins MC: jin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow (SHU) ????
    訓  xùn OC: qhuns MC: hi̯un 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcomply with; follow
    附  fù OC: bos MC: bi̯o 0 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 從/FOLLOW The dominant current word for moving along behind someone or something else, both in concrete and in abstract senses, is cóng 從 (ant. bèi 背 "be in opposition against").

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow 附從
    肩隨  jiān suí MC: ken zjwe OC: keen sɢlol 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfollow alongsideCH
    肩隨  jiān suí MC: ken zjwe OC: keen sɢlol 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfollow alongsideCH
    肩隨  jiān suí MC: ken zjwe OC: keen sɢlol 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfollow alongsideCH
    肩隨  jiān suí MC: ken zjwe OC: keen sɢlol 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfollow alongsideCH
    躡踵  niè zhǒng MC: nrjep tsyowngX OC: mɢleb tjoŋʔ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)CH
    因  yīn OC: qin MC: ʔin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNtake as one's guideline 因民之欲 "follow the desires of the people"
    相率  xiāng shuài MC: sjang srwit OC: sqaŋ srud 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVone after anotherLZ
    後  hòu OC: ɡooʔ MC: ɦu 0 Attributions

    Hòu 後 and zhǒng 踵 is to follow literally in the footsteps of someone.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfollow in the footsteps of
    • vtoNcausativecause to follow; cause to come last
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfollow alongsideCH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNfigurativefollow and conform toCH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP[post-N]pluralthe subject's followersCH