TERRITORY  領域方

PLACE INSIDE DEFINED BOUNDARIES.
Hypernym
  • PLACEPART of SPACE that THINGS BE-IN:are-in.
    • PARTOBJECT which COMBINES with OTHER OBJECTS to BECOME ONE LARGER WHOLE OBJECT.
      • OBJECT[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to.
  • BOUNDARYLIMIT which DIVIDES something into the INSIDE and OUTSIDE.
    See also
    • BOUNDARYLIMIT which DIVIDES something into the INSIDE and OUTSIDE.
      • NATIONSTATE THOUGHT of an ABSTRACT INSTITUTION.
        Hyponym
        • FIELD　SMALL TERRITORY to be TILLED by DEFINED PEASANTS.
          • GARDEN　SMALL FIELD CONTAINING FLOWERS, FRUIT TREES AND VEGETABLES ETC. FOR HOME USE.
          • PASTURE　FIELD IN which DOMESTIC ANIMALS EAT GRASS.
        • FOREST　TERRITORY CONTAINING MANY TREES AND SHRUBS EVERYWHERE.
          • ISLAND　TERRITORY SURROUNDED by WATER on ALL SIDES.
            • REGION　LARGE TERRITORY of TERRITORIES.
            • STATE　TERRITORY GOVERNED by an INDEPENDENT RULER.[[STAAT]]
              • CHINA　MOST LARGE STATE in East Asia. [GEOGRPAHY]
              • STATES　An individual STATE, names of major states in the Warring States period.
              • NATION　STATE THOUGHT of an ABSTRACT INSTITUTION.
              • FEDERATION　STATE ESTABLISHED by FREE DECISION by the LEADERS of its PARTS.
              • FATHERLAND　STATE WHERE ONE HAS ONE'S HOME.
              • REPUBLIC　STATE LACKING A KING OR HEREDITARY RULER
              • RECHTSSTAAT　STATE in which the FREEDOMS AND the ACTS of GOVERNMENT are LIMITED by OR BASED on LAW.
              • EMPIRE　VERY LARGE STATE CONTROLLING SEVERAL SMALL STATES
            • LANDSCAPE　FEATURES of TERRITORY.
              • COUNTRYSIDE　LANDSCAPE OUTSIDE CITIES AND SUBURBS.
              • MARSH　LOW INTENSELY WET LANDSCAPE.
              • VALLEY　LOW LANDSCAPE BETWEEN NEAR MOUNTAINS.
              • DESERT　LANDSCAPE LACKING PLANTS BECAUSE of LACK of WATER.
              • SLOPE　SLANTED PART of a LANDSCAPE.
              • ABYSS　ROCK LANDSCAPE that is INTENSELY AND STEEP AND CONTAINS WATER AT THE BOTTOM. 
              • MAINLAND　LANDSCAPE NOT IMAGINED as SURROUNDED BY SEA.
              • PLAIN　LANDSCAPE LACKING MOUNTAINS AND VALLEYS.
            • SUBURB　DWELL:inhabited TERRITORY NEAR a CITY.
              Old Chinese Criteria
              1. The current general term for an area is fāng 方.

              2. Dì 地 refers to a well-defined bounded piece of territory.

              3. Qū 區 typically refers to what is regarded as a subdivision of some territory, according to some criterion.

              4. Yǔ 宇 typically refers to what is construed as a comprehensive unbounded area.

              5. Yù 域 refers to a bounded large area under someone's political control, or belonging to someone as a habitat.

              6. Bāng 邦 (primarily "state") can be used to refer in a dignified way to large tracts of land in so far as these are under the political control from some centre or capital. and occasionally the word is expanded to bāng yù 邦域 "territory".

              7. Fēng 封 is an archaic word used to refer in a dignified way to large tracts of land in so far as these are under the political control from some centre or captial, and the special emphasis is on the bounded nature of this territory.

              8. Jī 畿 refers to the metropolitan area or a central territory under the direct control of a ruler.

              9. Tián 田 can be used to refer to bounded pieces of land belonging to someone.

              Modern Chinese Criteria
              領土

              疆土

              疆域

              領域

              土地

              幅員

              國土

              河山

              山河

              金甌

              版圖

              rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

              • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 1.21

              • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 19.14

              • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

                LAND

                tellus denotes the earth as a whole, as the centre of the universe, as a goddess etc.

                terra refers to earth as a kind of substance and one of the elements in opposition to wood, fire etc..

                humus refers to earth as the lowest part of the visible world, in opposition to the sky.

              • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. NO.149

              • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 134B

              Words

              地  dì OC: lils MC: di 64 AttributionsWD

              Dì 地 refers to a well-defined bounded piece of territory.

                Word relations
              • Subject: 削/CUT Xiāo 削 typically refers to cutting something off so as to reduce its size.
              • Subject: 廣/BROAD The standard general word is guǎng 廣 (ant. xiá 狹 "narrow") referring to anything of get spatial extension, also in various metaphorical senses.
              • Object: 開/AGRICULTURE
              • Contrast: 鄉/REGION
              • Contrast: 野/COUNTRYSIDE The current general word for the undelimited non-urban areas is yě 野 (ant. yì 邑 "urbanised settlement").
              • Assoc: 土/TERRITORY
              • Oppos: 都/CAPITAL CITY Dū 都 typically refers to a conurbation which serves as an administrative centre below the level of a capital, but the meaning of the word does often include the capital and it is occasionally used to refer specifically to the capital.

                Syntactic words
              • nterritory; land; piece of land; area; (possibly small) open space
              • n-N{SIZE}territory of the size NCH
              • n[post-N]my territory
              • npost-Nterritory of NCH
              • npost-N/Vterrain of the N/V kindCH
              土  tǔ OC: kh-laaʔ MC: thuo̝ 16 AttributionsWD

                Word relations
              • Assoc: 地/TERRITORY Dì 地 refers to a well-defined bounded piece of territory.

                Syntactic words
              • nterritory; the place where one is living
              • npost-NN's territoryDS
              方  fāng OC: paŋ MC: pi̯ɐŋ 8 AttributionsWD

              The current general term for an area is fāng 方.

                Syntactic words
              • nregion; territorial area; local areas
              • n[adN]N=humOBI: local people
              • nccfigurativeregions 十方
              • ndefiniteLY 4.19: a definite place?
              原  yuán OC: ŋɡon MC: ŋi̯ɐn 6 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • ndry plains; sometimes even: highlands (ant.隰); open fields (of battle)
              域  yù OC: ɢʷrɯɡ MC: ɦɨk 6 AttributionsWD

              Yù 域 refers to a bounded large area under someone's political control, or belonging to someone as a habitat.

                Syntactic words
              • nparts of the world; bounded region; territory (of an animal), haunts (where animals tend to go)
              • nabmetaphysicalpart of the universe
              • vtoNconfine (somebody) to a territory within boundaries
              封  fēng OC: poŋ MC: pi̯oŋ 5 AttributionsWD

              Fēng 封 is an archaic word used to refer in a dignified way to large tracts of land in so far as these are under the political control from some centre or captial, and the special emphasis is on the bounded nature of this territory.

                Syntactic words
              • nEastern Zhou: piece of bounded territory (usually that of a state, and typically one a person is invested with) 爾封　"your feoff"
              土地  tǔ dì OC: kh-laaʔ lils MC: thuo̝ di 5 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NP{N1=N2}land for agricultural cultivation; territory; territories, lands [maybe move to TERRITORY]
              壤  rǎng OC: njaŋʔ MC: ȵi̯ɐŋ 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nterritory
              屬  shǔ OC: djoɡ MC: dʑi̯ok 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • ndependency, dependent territory
              我  wǒ OC: ŋaalʔ MC: ŋɑ 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • npro.postVtour territory; our state; my state
              邦  bāng OC: prooŋ MC: pɣɔŋ 3 AttributionsWD

              Bāng 邦 (primarily "state") can be used to refer in a dignified way to large tracts of land in so far as these are under the political control from some centre or capital. and occasionally the word is expanded to bāng yù 邦域 "territory".

                Syntactic words
              • nWestern Zhou: (typically large) piece of territory, place
              地形  dì xíng OC: lils ɡeeŋ MC: di ɦeŋ 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPphysical geographical conditions on the ground
              遂  suì OC: sɢluds MC: zi 3 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nadministrative region, district beyond the suburbs
              剎  chà OC: tshraad MC: ʈʂhɣat 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nbuddhistBUDDH: territory, land (also: country, universe; abbrev. for chàtǔ 剎土); SANSKRIT kśetra
              區  qū OC: kho MC: khi̯o 2 AttributionsWD

              Qū 區 typically refers to what is regarded as a subdivision of some territory, according to some criterion.

                Word relations
              • Assoc: 處/PLACE The most general word referring to the location of something is chù 處 which may refer to the location in which a thing happens to be at some point in time, or to the place where something belongs, and the word refers to both abstract and concrete spatial location.

                Syntactic words
              • nHan dynasty: part of a territory, subterritory; area
              家  jiā OC: kraa MC: kɣɛ 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nfeoff given to a dignitary by the ruler of a state 魯國堯：家：大夫的封邑。封邑是诸侯封赐所属卿、大夫作为世禄的田邑（包括土地上的劳动者在内），又称采(cǎidì地
              鄙  bǐ OC: prɯʔ MC: pi 2 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nadministrative area covering 500 families
              田  tián OC: ɡ-liiŋ MC: den 1 AttributionWD

              Tián 田 can be used to refer to bounded pieces of land belonging to someone.

                Syntactic words
              • narable lands
              土壤  tǔ rǎng OC: kh-laaʔ njaŋʔ MC: thuo̝ ȵi̯ɐŋ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPterritories of all kinds
              境界  jìng jiè OC: kraŋʔ kreeds MC: kɣaŋ kɣɛi 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPBUDDH: area, territory (pre-Buddhist: "border")
              宗族  zōng zú OC: tsuuŋ sɡooɡ MC: tsuo̝ŋ dzuk 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPterritoryclan territories
              邦域  bāng yù OC: prooŋ ɢʷrɯɡ MC: pɣɔŋ ɦɨk 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NP{N1=N2}formal territory
              成  chéng OC: djeŋ MC: dʑiɛŋ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nmeasure: ten square miles of land
              田邑  tián yì MC: den 'ip OC: ɡ-liiŋ qrɯbLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPpopulated territory with a city as its administrative centre, constituting a fief or at least the basis for tax revenue for members of gentryLZ
              藩  fān 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • nrealm, regionCH
              四竟  sì jìng MC: sijH kjaengH OC: plids kraŋsCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NP=四境 the complete territory between all the boundaries of the territoryCH
              宮庭  gōng tíng MC: kjuwng deng OC: kuŋ deeŋLZ 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPabfigurativeabstract space within certain limitsLZ
              尋常  xún cháng MC: zim dzyang OC: ljum djaŋCH 1 AttributionWD
                Syntactic words
              • NP[adN]a territory of minimal sizeCH
              丘  qiū OC: khɯ MC: khɨu 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nMENG, ZHOULI: unit of four settlements 九夫為井，四井為邑，四邑為丘
              宇  yǔ OC: ɢʷraʔ MC: ɦi̯o 0 AttributionsWD

              Yǔ 宇 typically refers to what is construed as a comprehensive unbounded area.

                Syntactic words
              • nvast unbounded territories
              畿  jī OC: ɡɯl MC: gɨi 0 AttributionsWD

              Jī 畿 refers to the metropolitan area or a central territory under the direct control of a ruler.

                Syntactic words
              • nSHI: the central metropolitan area directly controlled by the king; are of the imperial capital
              剎土  chà tǔ OC: tshraad kh-laaʔ MC: ʈʂhɣat thuo̝ 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPbuddhistBUDDH: territory, land (also: country, universe; see also chà 剎); SANSKRIT kśetra
              田地  tián dì OC: ɡ-liiŋ lils MC: den di 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • NPland; piece of land; territory; area
              服  fú OC: bɯɡ MC: buk 0 AttributionsWD
                Syntactic words
              • nsubsidiary territory

              Existing SW for

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