AGRICULTURE    耕田耕

WORK IN FIELDS TO REAR USEFUL PLANTS. 
FARMINGCULTIVATIONTILLAGETILLINGHUSBANDRYLAND/FARM MANAGEMENTHORTICULTUREAGRIBUSINESSAGRONOMY.AGRICULTURE
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The general term for agriculture and agricultural work is nóng 農, and this term refers to the sedentary cultivation of plants as well as the raising of domestic animals. 2. Gēng 耕 refers to any agricultural work involved in the growing of crops of any kind; however, the term also refers specifically to ploughing and thus turning over and loosening the ground for cultivation. 3. Lí 犁 refers specifically to ploughing the fields with a sharp-edged rather than pointed plough. 4. Kěn 墾 refers specifically to the official act of designating new areas for agricultural cultivation and to the following of this policy. 5. Tián 田 refers to agricultural work in the fields. 6. Pǔ 圃 refers to agricultural work in a garden.
Modern Chinese Criteria
種地 種田 稼穡 耕作 耕耘 耕田 耕種 耕地 佃作 (lit) 佃 (obs) 耕 (lit) first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL. 18.11.2003. CH/
Hyponym
  • FERTILISE　AGRICULTURAL WORK INTENDING to CAUSE TO BECOME FERTILE. (anc: 16/0, child: 0)
  • SOW　AGRICULTURAL WORK INTENDING to CAUSE PLANTS TO BEGIN to GROW.. (anc: 16/0, child: 1)
  • WEED　AGRICULTURAL WORK INTENDING to REMOVE WEEDS. (anc: 16/0, child: 0)
  • REAP　AGRICULTURAL WORK INTENDING to OBTAIN HARVEST. (anc: 16/0, child: 2)
Part of
  • IRRIGATEPOUR WATER into FIELDS FOR CAUSING PLANTS TO FLOURISH.
See also
  • PLOUGHAGRICULTURE TOOL FOR TURNING UPSIDE DOWN SOIL.
Hypernym
  • WORK　Make an EFFORT ENDURINGLY CONFORMING to a PLAN, IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE an AIM, and OFTEN IN ORDER TO be PAID a SALARY. (anc: 14/0, child: 7)
  • EFFORT　DELIBERATE DILIGENT TRY:attempt to SUCCEED in an ACTION. (anc: 13/0, child: 2)
  • TRY　ACT, BUT DOUBT WHETHER one WILL be SUCCESSFUL ACTING. (anc: 12/0, child: 9)
  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 1966) p. 199

    Ackerbaugeraete:

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 1966) p. 210

    Feldarbeit:

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 739

    Feldarbeit:

    There is a special collection of agricultural reliefs. Find reference.

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 753

    Getreide etc:

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 770

    Landwirtschaft:

  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 297

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p. 33

    AGRICULTURA

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 1.158

  • Das grosse China-Lexikon ( STAIGER 2003) p. 420

  • Histoire des moeurs ( POIRIER 1991) p. 1.1279

  • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

    AGRICULTURE

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 94A

    ACKERBAU

  • () p. 87A

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 94A

    • Words (30 items)

    耕  gēng OC: kreeŋ MC: kɣɛŋ 47 Attributions

    Gēng 耕 refers to any agricultural work involved in the growing of crops of any kind; however, the term also refers specifically to ploughing and thus turning over and loosening the ground for cultivation.

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 稼/SOW Jià 稼 (ant. sè 穡 "harvest") refers specifically to the sowing of grain.
    • Assoc: 農/AGRICULTURE The general term for agriculture and agricultural work is nóng 農, and this term refers to the sedentary cultivation of plants as well as the raising of domestic animals.
    • Assoc: 耨 / 耨/WEED The most current general ancient word for removing weeds is nòu 耨／鎒 , and the word refers specifically to a short-handled iron tool as illustrated, and this tool became common in Warring States times. The handle, like all ancient handles, was short. Probably, it is a further development of the ancient bó 鎛
    • Assoc: 耘/WEED
    • Oppos: 耨 / 耨/WEED The most current general ancient word for removing weeds is nòu 耨／鎒 , and the word refers specifically to a short-handled iron tool as illustrated, and this tool became common in Warring States times. The handle, like all ancient handles, was short. Probably, it is a further development of the ancient bó 鎛

      Syntactic words
    • nabactagricultural work; ploughing; agriculture
    • v[adN]peasant
    • vadNengaging in agriculture
    • vadNpassivecultivated or planted
    • viactcultivate the land; engage in agriculture; till the land; till the fields
    • vt(oN)to cultivate the contextually determinate landLZ
    • vt+prep+Ncultivate the fields in NCH
    • vt[oN]to turn to tilling the fields
    • vt[oN]generaldo agricultural work; to plough the fields
    • vtoNplough, cultivate (fields etc)
    • vtoNfigurativeto plough (fig.)
    稼穡  jià sè OC: kraas srɯɡ MC: kɣɛ ʂɨk 20 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPab{N1&N2}act(sow and harvest>) husbandry; agricultural production
    耕者  gēng zhě OC: kreeŋ kljaʔ MC: kɣɛŋ tɕɣɛ 13 Attributions

    refers to any person engaged in growing crops.

      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralactive farmers
    • NP{vad.npro}nonreferentialan active farmer
    農  nóng OC: nuuŋ MC: nuo̝ŋ 12 Attributions

    The general term for agriculture and agricultural work is nóng 農, and this term refers to the sedentary cultivation of plants as well as the raising of domestic animals.

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 功/WORK
    • Assoc: 耕/AGRICULTURE Gēng 耕 refers to any agricultural work involved in the growing of crops of any kind; however, the term also refers specifically to ploughing and thus turning over and loosening the ground for cultivation.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactagriculture; the art of husbandry
    • nadNagricultural, related to agriculture
    • viactact as a peasant should; till the land
    墾  kěn OC: khɯɯnʔ MC: khən 12 Attributions

    Kěn 墾 refers specifically to the official act of designating new areas for agricultural cultivation and to the following of this policy.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNpassivecultivated; suitable for agricultural cultivation;
    • viwork in agriculture
    • vtoNtill, cultivate; break (new land), open up for cultivation
    • vtoNpassivebe properly tilled; be properly cultivated
    耕稼  gēng jià OC: kreeŋ kraas MC: kɣɛŋ kɣɛ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactagricultural work
    • VPiactengage in agricultural work
    辟  pì OC: beɡ MC: biɛk
    闢  pì OC: beɡ MC: biɛk 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNopen up (territory for cultivation); clear away (weeds)
    田  tián OC: ɡ-liiŋ MC: den 4 Attributions

    Tián 田 refers to agricultural work in the fields.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactagricultural work in the fields
    • viactwork in the fields
    稼  jià OC: kraas MC: kɣɛ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabactagriculture as an activity; sowing
    耕農  gēng nóng OC: kreeŋ nuuŋ MC: kɣɛŋ nuo̝ŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactagricultural work
    • VPiacttill the land; engage in agricultural work
    開  kāi OC: khɯɯl MC: khəi 2 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Object: 地/TERRITORY Dì 地 refers to a well-defined bounded piece of territory.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNopen up for cultivation
    啟  qǐ OC: kheeʔ MC: khei 2 Attributions

    can refer to the activty of opening lands up for agriculture

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNopen up for agriculture
    易  yì MC: yek OC: leɡ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpassiveto be tilled wellLZ
    耕耘  gēng yún OC: kreeŋ ɢun MC: kɣɛŋ ɦi̯un 1 Attribution

    refers quite generally to all kinds of agricultural work

      Syntactic words
    • VPiactagricultural work of all kinds, particularly ploughing and weeding
    耘耔  yún zǐ MC: hjun tsiX OC: ɢun sklɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactwork on fieldsDS
    荒  huāng MC: xwang OC: hmaaŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNopen up for cultivation (SHI)LZ
    田原  tián yuán MC: den ngjwon OC: ɡ-liiŋ ŋɡon 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactagricultural workCH
    耨耕  nòu gēng MC: -- keang OC: -- kreeŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactcultivation of the landLZ
    田畝  tián mǔ MC: den muwX OC: ɡ-liiŋ mooʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPiwork in the fieldsDS
    本事  běn zì MC: pwonX tsriH OC: pɯɯnʔ tsrɯs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabthe absolutely basic tasks > agricultureLZ
    農業  nóng yè OC: nuuŋ ŋab MC: nuo̝ŋ ŋi̯ɐp 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactagriculture
    本務  běn wù MC: pwonX mjuH OC: pɯɯnʔ mos 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactthe basic effort > agricultureLZ
    圃  pǔ OC: paaʔ MC: puo̝ 1 Attribution

    Pǔ 圃 refers to agricultural work in a garden.

      Syntactic words
    • nabactgardening, the tending of gardens
    培  péi OC: bɯɯ MC: buo̝i 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viactearth up (vegetables)
    辟舉  pì jǔ OC: beɡ klaʔ MC: biɛk ki̯ɤ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNmiddle voicebe opened up for cultivation
    犁  lí OC: riil MC: lei 1 Attribution

    Lí 犁 refers specifically to ploughing the fields with a sharp-edged rather than pointed plough.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNplough with buffalo as traction animals [ill.: HAYASHI, 6-13] [JM]
    稷  jì OC: tsɯɡ MC: tsɨk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabactagricultural activities
    耕種  gēng zhòng OC: kreeŋ tjoŋs MC: kɣɛŋ tɕi̯oŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactagriculture
    農穡  nóng sè OC: nuuŋ srɯɡ MC: nuo̝ŋ ʂɨk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactall kinds of agricultural activities
    簸  bǒ OC: paalʔ MC: pʷɑ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nwinnow