Taxonomy of meanings for 擊:　　

    Additional information about 擊

    說文解字: 【擊】，攴也。从手、毄聲。 【古歷切】

      Criteria
    • STRIKE

      1. The current general word for striking against anything is jī 擊. Compare the late dǎ 打 which remains exceedingly rare in pre-Buddhist times.

      2. Bó 搏, ōu 毆 refer to boxing someone or beating him up.

      3. Tà 撻 and zhuā 撾 refer to beating someone with sticks or whips.

      4. Chī 笞, chuí 捶 refer specifically to beating someone with a stick. See PUNISH

      5. Pū 扑 is to cane someone, often in a domestic context, and this is currently mentioned together with biān 鞭 "flaying".

      6. Qiāo 敲, chuāng 撞, and pī 批 refer to beating against a physical object of any kind. See KNOCK

      7. Pì 擗 refers specifically to beating one's breast.

      8. Biān 鞭 refers specifically to striking someone with a leather whip, typically by way of an official non-domestic punishment. See FLAY for other words with related meanings.

    • KNOCK

      1. A general word for knocking against something, typically so as to produce a sound, is kòu 叩.

      2. Zhuàng 撞 is to knock hard against something (e.g. a bell), and it is hard to see how this is different in meaning from jī 擊 "knock"

      3. Bó 搏 is to tap against (e.g. one's thighs).

      4. Pāi 拍 (HF: 一手獨拍 "one hand clapping alone") refers specifically to the beating or clapping of a surface, often for the purpose of making a sound.

    • WITHDRAW

      1. The current general word for withdrawing from somewhere is tuì 退 (ant. jìn 進 "move forwards"), and the withdrawal can be over a short or a long distance, often with the purpose of returning to one's point of departure.

      2. Què 卻 (ant. qián 前 "move forward") refers to backing off, often under pressure, and typically for a shorter distance, and usually the immediate purpose of the withdrawal is not that of returning to one's point of departure but to get out of a confrontation.

      3. Bà 罷 (ant. gōng 攻 "move forward to attack") refers to an army withdrawing its military forces.

      4. Bì 避 (ant. duì 對 "face up to") refers to a polite withdrawal from an honoured or regular position, typical a position facing someone in authority.

      5. Yin3 引 refers to the act of preparing and then commencing a formal military withdrawal.

      Jī jīn 擊金 and míng jīn 鳴金 "beating the bells for military withdrawal" (ant. jī gǔ 擊鼓 "beat the drums for a military attack") refers to giving a signal for withdrawal of troops.

      Word relations
    • Object: (KNOCK)鍾/BELL The current general word for a bell of any kind is zhōng 鐘/鍾. When hung up singly, it is called tè zhōng 特鐘, with round opening as in illustration SUN JI. Rhythmic instrument. Also, hung up in a series of tuned bells, in two rows of eight bells each. Note that these bells were already rare by Han times. [In use mainly from the Western Zhou till the Warring States.
    • Object: (KNOCK)磬/STONE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS Qìng 磬 refers to the musical instrument made of stone which was suspended on the wooden construction (usually in a set) and beaten with a wooden stick. This kind of instrument came to use already in the 3rd millenium B.C. Qìng 磬 was together with bells and drums the core instrument of ritual musical assemblages, and it is quite often found in aristocratic tombs dating from the Shang to the Warring States period (most remarkable being an assemblage of 32 pieces from the grave of Marquis Yi of Zeng who died in 433 B.C.). By Han times it was already rare.
    • Assoc: (ATTACK)毆/STRIKE Bó 搏, ōu 毆 refer to boxing someone or beating him up.
    • Assoc: (ATTACK)攻/ATTACK The generalword for any attack is gōng 攻 (ant. shǒu 守 "defend") which can be used in a general sense referring to all kinds of attack, although that word does also have the specific meaning of a pointed campaign against a certain locality. [GENERAL]
    • Synon: (ATTACK)啄/BITE Zhuó 啄 is the biting or pecking of birds.
    • Synon: (STRIKE)鼓/PLUCK STRINGS
    • Synon: (KNOCK)鼓/PLUCK STRINGS