CHAOS  動亂

SITUATION NOT APPROPRIATELY CONTROLLED OR LACKING APPROPRIATE ORDERLY:order.
DISORDERDISARRAYDISORGANIZATIONCONFUSIONMAYHEMBEDLAMPANDEMONIUMHAVOCTURMOILTUMULTCOMMOTIONDISRUPTIONUPHEAVALUPROARMAELSTROMMUDDLEMESSSHAMBLESFREE-FOR-ALLANARCHYLAWLESSNESS
Antonym
  • ORDERLYAPPROPRIATE as to how the MANY PARTS of something SHOULD BE.
    Hypernym
    • SITUATIONRELATION in which MANY HUMANS, FEATURES OR THINGS EXIST TOGETHER OR INTERACT.
      • RELATIONFEATURE of TWO OR MORE THINGS TOGETHER.
        • FEATUREABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE.
          • OBJECT[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to....
    Hyponym
    • DISTURB　CAUSE TO BECOME in CHAOS.
      Old Chinese Criteria
      1. The very dominant word in this group is luàn 亂 (ant. zhì 治 "state of good government, state of good order") which refers to all kinds of reprehensible lack of order.

      2. Èr 二 / 貳 "disunited" (ant. yī 一 "be properly united in attitude") refers to political dissension or duplicity.

      3. Fēn 紛 describes a mild form of physical disorder. See CONFUSED.

      4. Fén 棼 describes something as unprincipled and disorganised.

      5. Wèn 紊 is often inchoative and describes the process by which something concrete or abstract enters a disorderly state.

      6. Hún 混 refers to a kind of chaos that is close to objective confusion. See CONFUSED.

      Modern Chinese Criteria
      動亂

      變亂

      亂

      騷動

      騷擾

      擾動

      暴亂

      戰亂

      禍亂

      喪亂

      離亂

      rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

      • “荀子”單音節形容詞同義關係研究 ( HUANG XIAODONG 2003) p. 103

      • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 1.1412

      • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 1.980

      • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

      • Ästhetische Grundbegriffe ( BARCK 2010) p. 696

      • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.394.352

        VAARME.TUMULTE

      • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. no. 26

      • Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae ( DIVISIONES 1906) p. B 41

      • Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography ( ROBERTS 1998) p. 671

      Attributions by syntactic funtion

      • vi : 62
      • vtoN : 45
      • nab : 44
      • vi0 : 25
      • vadN : 24
      • VPi : 14
      • vadV : 9
      • VPi0 : 4
      • VPtoN : 4
      • v[adN] : 3
      • NPab : 2
      • VPadV : 2
      • nab.post-N : 1
      • nab(.post-N) : 1
      • VPpostadV : 1
      • VPt+prep+N : 1
      • VPi : 1
      • NPadV : 1
      • VPadN : 1

      Attributions by text

      • 韓非子 : 53
      • 荀子 : 51
      • 淮南子 : 18
      • 春秋左傳 : 16
      • 說苑 : 12
      • 莊子 : 10
      • 古列女傳 : 8
      • 墨子 : 7
      • 論語 : 7
      • 管子 : 7
      • 楚辭 : 5
      • 阮籍集四卷 : 5
      • 戰國策 : 5
      • 陸機集十一卷 : 4
      • 呂氏春秋 : 3
      • 百喻經 : 3
      • 毛詩 : 3
      • 文子 : 3
      • 史記 : 2
      • 禮記 : 2
      • 孫子 : 2
      • 法句經 : 2
      • 尚書 : 2
      • 論衡 : 2
      • 孟子 : 2
      • 老子 : 2
      • 韓詩外傳 : 2
      • 春秋繁露 : 1
      • 春秋穀梁傳 : 1
      • 賢愚經 : 1
      • 臨濟錄 : 1
      • 法言 : 1
      • 祖堂集 : 1
      • 六祖壇經 : 1

      Words

      亂  luàn OC: ɡ-roons MC: lʷɑn 175 AttributionsWD

      The very dominant word in this group is luàn 亂 (ant. zhì 治 "state of good government, state of good order") which refers to all kinds of reprehensible lack of order.

        Word relations
      • Ant: 亂/GOVERN
      • Ant: 定/PEACEFUL
      • Ant: 治/ORDERLY
      • Epithet: 世/GENERATION The dominant general word for a generation is shì 世, and this word has strong temporal connotations referring to the period of one generation, and the word has a certain syntactic flexibility. Sān shì 三世 refers to three generations.
      • Contrast: 僻 / 辟/WICKED Pì 僻 (ant. ) refers to
      • Assoc: 弱/WEAK The current general word for weakness of any physical or abstract kind, and of anything including states, persons, and animals is ruò 弱 (ant. qiáng 強 "strong").
      • Assoc: 亡/DESTROY Wáng 亡 (ant. fù 復 "reestablish") refers to the political/social ruin of a state and does not focus on any form of physical annihilation or damage.
      • Assoc: 惛/CONFUSED Hūn 昏/惛 is typically confusion within a certain delimited area. See OBSCURE
      • Assoc: 煩/CONFUSED
      • Assoc: 錯/CHAOS
      • Relat: 勇/COURAGE The standard general word for courage is yǒng 勇 (ant. nuò 懦 "pusillanimousness, chicken-liveredness"), which refers to positive boldness evinced in the face of danger or risk. Cf. fortitudo

        Syntactic words
      • nab.post-Nthe chaos of N, the chaos resulting from; the chaos constituted byCH
      • nabactmisruleCH
      • nabfactualsomething chaotic; a chaotic state; a chaotic situation, political chaos
      • nabstandardprinciples of misruleCH
      • v[adN]what is unruly; what is conducive to political chaosLZ
      • v[adN]a polity in chaos, a chaotic society; a chaotic placeCH
      • vadNill-governed; disorderly, unruly; chaotic; doomed to chaos; bent on chaos
      • vadVchaotically, disorderly; recklessly (> furiously)
      • vi0there is political chaos; there was a rebellion
      • viactcreate havoc, create political turmoil
      • vichangebecome chaotic; get into disarray
      • vigradedbe in turmoil; be in disorder; be ill-governed
      • vtoNcausativewreak havoc with; cause to be chaotic, reduce to chaos; mix something chaotically into (something else); wreak havoc in; disrupt
      • vtoNcausativepassive: be reduced to chaos
      • vtoNcausativereflexive: bring chaos upon (oneself)
      乖  guāi OC: kʷreed MC: kɣɛi 12 AttributionsWD

        Syntactic words
      • viactcontrary, perverse; be at odds with each other; be at loggerheads
      混  hùn OC: ɡuunʔ MC: ɦuo̝n 7 AttributionsWD

      Hún 混 refers to a kind of chaos that is close to objective confusion. See CONFUSED.

        Syntactic words
      • nabfigurativemessinessCH
      • nabstativechaos
      • vadVchaoticly; confusedly
      • vibe chaotic
      紛  fēn OC: phɯn MC: phi̯un 7 AttributionsWD

      Fēn 紛 describes a mild form of physical disorder. See CONFUSED.

        Syntactic words
      • nab(.post-N)the confusion of the contextually determinate NCH
      • nabstativeconfusion
      • vadVin a tumultuous fashion, in disarrayCH
      • vibe various, disorderly, and confused; be in a mess
      滑  gǔ OC: kuud MC: kuot 6 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNcausativerender chaotic; confuse
      昏亂  hūn luàn OC: hmuun ɡ-roons MC: huo̝n lʷɑn 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPihendiadys: be in complete chaosCH
      • VPi0there is chaos
      勃亂  bó luàn OC: bɯɯd ɡ-roons MC: buot lʷɑn 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe in chaotic stateLZ
      • VPi0there is chaos
      參差  cēn cī OC: tshrum skhral MC: ʈʂhim ʈʂhiɛ 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vadNuneven
      • VPibe in disarray; be uneven in sizeHYDCD: [1] 不齊貌。《詩 · 周南 · 關雎》：「參差荇菜，左右流之。」
      • VPt+prep+Nbe at odds with NCH
      反覆  fǎn fù OC: panʔ phuɡ MC: pi̯ɐn phuk 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe topsy-turvyCH
      • VPtoNbring disorder to
      擾亂  rǎo luàn OC: njawʔ ɡ-roons MC: ȵiɛu lʷɑn 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPihave been messed up so as to be in disarray; be in turmoil
      • VPichangerun into chaos; get into total disorderDS
      迷亂  mí luàn OC: mii ɡ-roons MC: mei lʷɑn 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPichangebe reduced to a state of chaos
      • VPtoNreduce to complete chaos
      二  èr OC: njis MC: ȵi 1 AttributionWD

      Ér 二/貳 "disunited" (ant. yī 一 "be properly united in attitude") refers to political dissension or duplicity.

        Syntactic words
      • vibe disunited, ununified; unfocussed
      儳  chán OC: dzroom MC: ɖʐɣɛm 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • v[adN]N=humthose in disarray
      • vadVin a chaotic wayCH
      攜  xié OC: ɡʷlee MC: ɦei 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vibe disunited and not well aligned (HYDZD)
      汩  gǔ OC: kʷɯɯd MC: kuot 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNcausativethrow into chaos
      錯  cuò OC: skhaaɡ MC: tshɑk 1 AttributionWD

        Word relations
      • Assoc: 乖/CHAOS
      • Assoc: 亂/CHAOS The very dominant word in this group is luàn 亂 (ant. zhì 治 "state of good government, state of good order") which refers to all kinds of reprehensible lack of order.

        Syntactic words
      • vadNchaotically placed
      • vibe (typically chaotically) intertwined
      乖亂  guāi luàn OC: kʷreed ɡ-roons MC: kɣɛi lʷɑn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactengage in chaotic political behaviour
      亂惑  luàn huò OC: ɡ-roons ɡʷɯɯɡ MC: lʷɑn ɦək 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPichangeget into a chaotic state, turn chaotic
      悖亂  bèi luàn OC: bɯɯds ɡ-roons MC: buo̝i lʷɑn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadNthoroughly disorganised and confused
      撩亂  liáo luàn OC: ɡ-reew ɡ-roons MC: leu lʷɑn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactcreate havoc; run rampant
      無理  wú lǐ OC: ma ɡ-rɯʔ MC: mi̯o lɨ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe unprincipled
      煩亂  fán luàn OC: ban ɡ-roons MC: bi̯ɐn lʷɑn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe in turmoil
      肴亂  yáo luàn OC: ɡraaw ɡ-roons MC: ɦɣɛu lʷɑn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPistativebe in complete chaos
      變亂  biàn luàn OC: prons ɡ-roons MC: piɛn lʷɑn 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNresultativechange into a chaotic state
      雜  zá OC: sɡuub MC: dzəp 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vadVchaotically
      • vibe mixed and in chaos
      亂次  luàn cì MC: lwanH tshijH OC: ɡ-roons snʰisCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPadVin total disorderCH
      不治  bù zhì MC: pjut drijH OC: pɯʔ rlilsDS 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPi0changerun into chaos, get into chaosDS
      淟涊  tiǎn niǎn MC: thenX nenX OC: thɯɯnʔ nɯɯnʔCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPipoeticbe messy, blurred and fuzzyCH
      撓亂  náo nǎo luàn MC: nraewX lwanH  OC: mɢreewʔ ɡ-roons CH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPi0there is unrest; there is revolt; there is misruleCH
      惛亂  hùn luàn MC: xwonH lwanH  OC: hmuuns ɡ-roons CH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPabfeaturemisrule, social/political chaosCH
      斬  zhǎn MC: tsreamX OC: tsreemʔLZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vi= chán 儳: be in disarray, be unevenLZ
      紛而  fēn ér MC: phjun nyi OC: phɯn njɯCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadVall in disarrayCH
      爚亂  shuò luàn MC: syak lwanH OC: lʰewɡ ɡ-roonsCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPtoNwreak total chaos inCH
      混芒  hùn máng MC: hwonX mang OC: ɡuunʔ maaŋCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPabbedlam, turmoilCH
      傮然  zāo rán MC: tsaw nyen OC: tsuu njenLZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPadVchaoticallyLZ
      支繚  zhī liǎo MC: tsye ljewX OC: kje ɡ-rewʔLZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPpostadVchaoticallyLZ
      攪  jiǎo OC: kruuʔ MC: kɣɛu 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vtoNmake chaotic> disturb, upset
      棼  fén OC: bɯn MC: bi̯un 0 AttributionsWD

      Fén 棼 describes something as unprincipled and disorganised.

        Syntactic words
      • viall confused and chaotic
      • vtoNcausativecause to be chaotic; cause to be in disorder
      殽  xiáo OC: ɡraaw MC: ɦɣɛu 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vimixed, confused
      • vi0there is turbulence
      涬  xìng OC: ɢeeŋʔ MC: ɦeŋ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • nabstativechaos; boundlessness
      紊  wèn OC: mɯns MC: mi̯un 0 AttributionsWD

      Wèn 紊 is often inchoative and describes the process by which something concrete or abstract enters a disorderly state.

        Syntactic words
      • vichangebecome disorderly
      侵擾  qīn rǎo OC: skhim njawʔ MC: tshim ȵiɛu 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactcreate havoc; offend all the rules
      叢殘  cóng cán OC: dzooŋ dzaan MC: dzuŋ dzɑn 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe in chaos; form a chaotic and incomplete whole
      囂塵  xiāo chén OC: hŋraw din MC: hiɛu ɖin 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPabstativethe chaotic din of this world (DCD)
      擾攘  rǎo rǎng OC: njawʔ njaŋʔ MC: ȵiɛu ȵi̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe in chaotic conflict; be in conflict and turmoil
      板蕩  bǎn dàng OC: praanʔ ɡ-laaŋʔ MC: pɣan dɑŋ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPichangebe reduced to chaos XIE LINGYUN
      殽亂  xiáo luàn OC: ɡraaw ɡ-roons MC: ɦɣɛu lʷɑn 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe in chaos
      • VPi0there is turbulence
      混沌  hùn dùn OC: ɡuunʔ duunʔ MC: ɦuo̝n duo̝n 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPabstativechaos
      • VPibe in a state of chaos
      鴻荒  hóng huāng OC: ɡooŋ hmaaŋ MC: ɦuŋ hɑŋ 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPabstativestate of chaos

      Existing SW for

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