Taxonomy of meanings for 陷:　　

  • 陷 xiàn (OC: ɡrooms MC: ɦɯæm) 戶韽切 去 廣韻：【入地隤也戸韽切五 】
    • ATTACK
      • vadN(piercing>) crack attacking (troops)
      • vtoNattack; burst through
    • FALL
      • viprocessfall down; sink down; stumble
      • vt(oN)fall into the contextually determinate place
      • vt+prep+Nfall into; sink into
      • vt+prep+Nfigurativefigurative: run into (criminality etc.)
      • vtoNfall into
      • vtoNfigurativecome to sink so low as to, fall intoCH
    • PIERCE
      • vtoNpierce
      • vt(oN)pierce the contextually determinate objectDS
      • vtoNpassivebe piercedDS
      • vtoNconativetry to pierceDS
    • SEDUCE
      • vtoNentrap > entice
    • SUFFER
      • vtoNchangeget trapped in; incur, get exposed to (e.g. punishment)
      • vtoNsuffer N, be afflicted by NLZ
    • TRAP
      • ntrap, pitfall
      • vtoNto trap (something or somebody), to get (somebody) into problems
      • vttoN1.+prep+N2entrap in
      • vtoNpassivebe entrapped 可陷
    • DISAPPEAR
      • DEFEAT
        • DESTROY
          • INSUFFICIENT
            • MISTAKE
              • vimake a mistakeLZ
            • EMBELLISH

              Additional information about 陷

              說文解字: 【陷】，高下也。一曰：陊也。从 𨸏 、臽，臽亦聲。 〔小徐本作「從𨸏、臽聲。一曰：陊。」〕 【戶𤟟切】

                Criteria
              • SUFFER

                1. The most general word referring to a person's being exposed to something is probably shòu 受 (ant. shī 施 "have an effect on, act upon"), which can take both desirable and non-desirable objects.

                2. Jiàn 見 tends to take verbal complements and tends to refer to a person being exposed to undesirable effects.

                3. Qǔ 取 refers to deliberate exposure to an action or exposure to something by one's own fault.

                4. Beì 被 tends to refer to exposure to undesirable effects from the outside.

                5. Zāo 遭 and yù 遇 refer to unexpected and unprovoked exposure to outside effects.

                6. Měng 蒙 often refers to deliberate exposure to negative outside dangers or effects, but the word also has a generalised use where it simply corresponds to shòu 受.

                7. Lí 罹 and its loan character lí 離 refer to innocently running into some trouble or encountering some sorrow.

                8. Xiàn 陷 "get trapped in" refers occasionally to a disastrous encounter with what turns out inescapable. See TRAP

              • RECOMMEND

                1. The current general word for recommending someone is jiàn 薦 (ant. yǐn 隱 "refuse to recommend and keep unknown").

                2. Tuī 推 (ant. xiàn 陷 "intrugue against") refers to the recommending someone and the pushing for his promotion.

                3. Jǔ 舉 and jìn 進 are both occasionally used not only for the act of promotion itself but for the attempt to get someone promoted through recommendation.

              • FALL

                1. The current general word for falling is zhuì 墜, and this word always has concrete meanings typically involving things falling out of the sky or from a high place.

                2. Duò 墮 typically refers to things falling from a much more moderate height.

                3. Yǔn 隕 refers to the falling down of something that has its natural place in a high position, including leaves growing on trees.

                4. Luò 落 is a rare word which usually refers to the falling of leaves from trees.

                5. Xiàn 陷 refers to falling into objects like pits or holes in the ground, also bogs zé 澤, but not rivers and the like.

              • PIERCE

                1. The current general word for piercing anything is cì 刺, which also typically refers to stabbing and piercing something, usually inorder to damage it.

                2. Guàn 貫 is to make a hole in the middle of something so as to be able to string it up.

                3. Chuān 穿 refers to piercing something so as to make a hole in it.

                4. Xiàn 陷 refers to piercing something so as to get to the inside of it.