Taxonomy of meanings for 輿 / 轝:
- 輿 yu2 《廣韻》以諸切，平魚以。又羊洳切。魚部
- yúCARRIAGE BOX
- n{CLASSIFIER}+Nvolume of one carriage box
- nmain body of a cart where there is space for passengers
- yúVEHICLE
- nluxury carriage, coach for the transport of persons or things (originally refers to compartment on the carriage)
- nabmetaphysicalabstract vehicle
Additional information about 輿
說文解字: 【輿】，車輿也。从車、舁聲。 【以諸切】 〔小徐本此字次於「輯」字之後。〕
- Criteria
- CARRIAGE BOX
1. The general word for the compartment in which persons or goods are transported is yú 輿, but the word can also refer specifically to that part of the carriage in which persons are transported.
2. Xiāng 箱 is the general word for the box in which goods are placed on a carriage.
3. Shì 軾 refers specifically to the board at the front of a carriage box on which one may lean and across which one will bow politely.
4. Zhěn 軫 refers to the back bord on carriage box in a carriage.
- VEHICLE
1. The current general term for a vehicle is chē 車, a term which also refers even more generally to all contraptions with wheels.
2. Jià 駕 refers to a yoked carriage.
3. Yù 御 refers to a yoked carriage, with driver in place, ready to go.
4. Yú 輿 refers originally to the compartment xiāng 箱 of the carriage, but came to be used as a general term for a carriage used for transporting people. See CARRIAGE
5. Chéng 乘 is the general noun classifier for all vehicles, and this word must be carefully from the shèng 乘 "war chariot". See CHARIOT
6. Zhěn 軫 "back bord on a carriage" is often used to refer to a carriage as a whole, by synecdoche.
- SLAVE
1. The standard general word for a dependent low-status servant or slave is nú 奴, and this word became quite currrent in Han times.
2. Yì 役 tends to focus on the hard labour involved.
3. Lǔ 虜 focusses prototypically on the prisoner-origins of a slave.
4. Lì 隸 refers to slaves in an administrative bureaucratic way, and prototypically these menial workers are in public employment, being thus of higher status than mere shepherds or stable-boys in the countryside.
5. Zānghuò 臧獲 is the standard exampe of the name of a slave.
Slavery and servant-hood not always easy to distinguish, and this is for very interesting social reasons. A scheme for the place of menials in the status system is systematised in a crucial ZUO Zhao 7 passage:
故王臣公，公臣大夫，大夫臣士，士臣皁，皁臣輿，輿臣隸，隸臣僚，僚臣僕，僕臣臺。
馬有圉，牛有牧，
- Word relations
- Object: (VEHICLE)乘/RIDE
- Assoc: (VEHICLE)舟/SHIP
The general term for any ship, large or small, is zhōu 舟. [The word occurs already in the oracle bone inscriptions and in SHIJING. According to some opinions it originally referred to the boat made of one piece of wood, but it is not certain. The earliest forms of the character resemble the small ship made already from several planks. . Note that in Western Zhou times, ship also played certain role in some rituals performed by the king, which probably took place in the pool within royal palace. - Assoc: (VEHICLE)車 / 車/VEHICLE
The current general term for a vehicle is chē 車, a term which also refers even more generally to all contraptions with wheels