FEELING    感情懷

NATURAL REACTION IN one's MIND.
EMOTIONSENSATIONSENSECONSCIOUSNESSFEELINGSENTIMENTREACTIONRESPONSE
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for emotional states and feelings as well as attitudes is xīn 心. 2. Qíng 情 refers specifically to one's real inner state, and one's basic essential feelings, one's essential emotional repertoire, also: one's instincts as opposed to one's aspirations mediated by reflection. [NB: We have no "love is a 情 " in classical Chinese, and neither do we have anything like "love is a 心 ".] 3. Huái 懷 refers to a current emotional state or intensely felt attitude of any kind. 4. Duān 端 is a philosophical term referring to a specific basic moral and emotional sensibility or instinct. See also FEEL
Modern Chinese Criteria
感情 is the general abstract word for emotions. 情愫 refers emphatically to one's innermost feelings. 情 (lit) can be used to refer to emotions in general. 情感 refers to positive intense feelings, particular feelings of friendship. 幽情 refers to exquisite unexpresed or underlying feelings. 常情 refers to ordinary shared feelings that have nothing remarkable about them. 人情 refers generally and abstractly to the ordinary emotional sensibilities of human beings. 人之常情 (lit) refers generally and abstractly to the ordinary emotional sensibilities of human beings. 感觸 感受 感覺 感想 心得 激情 感激 feeling of gratitude, marginal in the group. rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • ANGER　SUDDEN BAD FEELING (AND OFTEN the SHOWING of this FEELING) of HUMAN IN-RELATION-TO CREATURE AND IN-RELATION-TO an ACTION by THAT CREATURE which THAT HUMAN HATES.  (anc: 12/0, child: 1)
  • CONFUSED　FEELING OR SITUATION of one's MIND being in CHAOS. (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
  • DELIGHT　INTENSELY GOOD FEELING IN-RELATION-TO something NOW.*The joy of the enjoyer X over something enjoyed Y. (anc: 12/0, child: 10)
  • DESIRE　GOOD FEELING IN-RELATION-TO ONESELF concerning the FUTURE HAVING, CONTROLLING, or ACTING:doing SOMETHING DEFINED. (anc: 12/0, child: 11)
  • DISSATISFIED　BAD FEELING IN-RELATION-TO something that one BELIEVES is not SUFFICIENTLY GOOD OR BAD. (anc: 12/0, child: 2)
  • DISTRESS　FEELING that one's SELF:own SITUATION IS INTENSELY BAD. (anc: 12/0, child: 5)
  • FEAR　BAD FEELING IN-RELATION-TO what one BELIEVES to be a DANGER which one is TRYING to AVOID. (anc: 12/0, child: 3)
  • SURPRISED　FEEL that something one EXPERIENCES NOW is STRANGE OR DIFFERENT from what is COMMON.Surprise originating from supriser X, acting on surprisee Y, activated because of the surprising feature Z. (anc: 12/0, child: 2)
  • MOOD　GENERAL FEELINGS NOT ABOUT a CERTAIN THING, which OFTEN CHANGE. (anc: 12/0, child: 2)
  • SENTIMENTAL　TEND to DELIGHT in one's SELF:own FEELINGS, AND OFTEN HAVE INTENSIVE FEELING ABOUT something COMMON AND UNDERSTOOD. (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
  • BOREDOM　FEELING OR MOOD of a LACK of DELIGHT in the NOW:present SITUATION which one UNDERSTANDS TOO INTENSELY:well, OFTEN:typically also LACK of DESIRE to ACT. (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
  • DISGUST　INTENSELY BAD FEELING IN-RELATION-TO something NOW PERCEIVED. (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
  • SUBCONSCIOUS　FEELINGS OR BELIEFS one HAS BUT is NOT AWARE that one HAS. (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
  • PASSION　PROFOUND ENDURING AND IMPORTANT FEELING. (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
  • SOCIAL EMOTION　FEELING ENACTED IN RELATION TO OTHER HUMANS. (anc: 12/0, child: 6)
  • INDIFFERENT　COLD FEELING OF LACK OF INTEREST AND SYMPATHY (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
  • NUMB　incapable of feeling anything; numb (anc: 12/0, child: 0)
Antonym
  • PEACEFULDELIGHTFUL BECAUSE ORDERLY AND LACKING CHAOS.
See also
  • PERCEIVEBECOME AWARE of BECAUSE one INTERACTS WITH.
  • AWAREABLE to VOLUNTARILY:deliberately REACT to. 
  • LOVEINTENSE AND OFTEN PARTIAL DESIRE to be INTIMATE with a PERSON OR to POSSESS a THING.
  • ATTITUDERELATION between a HUMAN who FEELS and PERCEIVED OBJECTS involving a TENDENDY to REACT.
  • SHYENDURING FEAR of POSSIBLE NEAR FUTURE SHAME.
Hypernym
  • REACT　CHANGE one's THINKING OR ACTING BECAUSE one is PERCEIVING something. (anc: 10/0, child: 5)
  • CHANGE　EVENT involving two MOMENTS t1 and t2, such that a THING at the MOMENT t1 is DIFFERENT FROM that THING at the MOMENT t2. (anc: 9/0, child: 18)
  • EVENT　REALITY that ARISES in TIME. (anc: 8/0, child: 4)
  • Systematic Lexicography ( APRESJAN 2000) p. 203-214

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.12

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 16.13

  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 445

  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 475

    GEFUEHL

  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 901

    PATHOS

    PASSION

  • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 457

    AFFECTUS animi est ejus a sensu rerum commoti talis vel talis passio. Origo itaqve ejus semper est a sensu, seu externo, seu interno hoc est imaginatione....

    Detailed discussion and analysis.

  • The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals ( DARWIN 1998) p.

  • 現代漢語分類詞典 Xiandai hanyu fenlei cidian ( DONG DANIAN 1998) p. F70: 375

  • Deutsche Synonymik ( EBERHARD 1853) p. 291

  • Analysis of Chinese Emotional Words ( HAMA 1986) p.

  • Dictionnaire des synonymes de la langue francaise. Avec une introduction sur la theorie des synonymes. ( LAFAYE 1884) p. 172

    Lafaye distinguishes between "sensation" and "sentiment".

    1. Objects cause (pleasant or unpleasant) "sensations", and the soul, as a result, is subject to "sentiments".

    2. "Sensations" are often moentary, or at least transitory, "sentiments" are construed as permanent or at least lasting.

    3. "Sensations" are reactions to something concrete, "sentiments" are often caused by abstract considerations.

    4. "Sensations" are primary sense-based, "sentiments" typically involve

    5. "On subit des sensations", "On concoit des sentiments", "on entretient des sensations".

    See also p. 940, where the distinction is between "sensation, sentiment" and "perception".

    1. "Perception" relates to knowledge, and it can be more or less clear, whereas "sensations/sentiments" relates to one's emotional state, and these are primarily pleasant or unpleasant.

    Interestingly, Lafaye does not deal with "passion", which is intensitive.

    See also p. 170:

    "Emoi" is the inner movement of the soul, "emotion" focusses more on the physiological than on the purely affective side.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p. 30

    AFFECTUS

    Current words in Latin are motus, commotio, perturbatio.

  • Tolkovo-kombinatornyj slovar' sovremmenogo russkogo jazyka. Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian ( Mel'cuk 1984) p. 958

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 4.714

    SENTIMENT ET SENSIBILITE

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 3.265

    GEFUEHLSBEWEGUNG

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 3.82

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Rhetorik ( UEDING 1992ff) p. 1.218

  • Emotions across Languages and Cultures ( WIERZBICKA 1999) p. 49-122

    >different nuances for words for FEELING in different languages.

  • "Ch'ing" in Chinese Literary Criticism ( WONG 1969) p.

    情

  • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 383

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 80

  • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 229ff

  • Pulse Diagnosis in Early Chinese Medicine ( HSU 2010) p. 394

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 130

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 437

  • A Dissertation on the Passions ( DAVID HUME 2007) p. 205FF

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

    EMOTION

  • Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Second Edition ( BROWN 2005) p.

  • Ästhetische Grundbegriffe ( BARCK 2010) p. 2.629

  • Ästhetische Grundbegriffe ( BARCK 2010) p. 1.16

  • Unnatural emotions ( LUTZ 1988) p.

  • Les passions ordinaires Collection Chemins de traverse ( LE BRETON 1998) p.

  • New Dictiornary of the History of Ideas, 6 vols. ( HOROWITZ 2005) p.

    EMOTIONS

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 44B

    AFFEKT

  • Encyclopedia of Comparative Iconography ( ROBERTS 1998) p. 411

    HUMOURS

    • Words (29 items)

    情  qíng OC: dzeŋ MC: dziɛŋ 72 Attributions

    Qíng 情 refers specifically to one's real inner state, and one's basic essential feelings, one's essential emotional repertoire, and we have no more "love is a 情" in classical Chinese than "love is a 心".

      Word relations
    • Ant: 行/ACT The current general word for any deliberate action one may be held morally and/or administratively responsible for is xíng 行 (ant. zhǐ 止 "decide not to take action"). The nominal entries have the old reading xìng. [COMMENDATORY!], [GENERAL], [HABITUAL], [RESPONSIBLE]
    • Ant: 貌/APPEARANCE Mào 貌 (ant. xīn 心 "real inner feelings") emphasises the merely external as less than indicative of what is inside, and this is the most general word. [GENERAL], [STATIC], [SUPERFICIAL]
    • Epithet: 陰/CONCEAL
    • Contrast: 意/THINK
    • Assoc: 質/FEELING

      Syntactic words
    • nabemotional engagementCH
    • nab.adVemotionally, in one's feelings, with one's heart
    • nab.post-Nthe feeling defined as N
    • nab.post-V{NUM}feelings 六情
    • nabcurrentcurrent emotional state, current feelings
    • nabpsychreal inner emotional state; innermost feelings; real inner feelings; basic feelings; basic loyalties; basic sentiments
    • nabpsychemotional nuances and moodsCH
    心  xīn OC: slɯm MC: sim 18 Attributions

    The current general word for emotional states and feelings as well as attitudes is xīn 心.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 行/ACT The current general word for any deliberate action one may be held morally and/or administratively responsible for is xíng 行 (ant. zhǐ 止 "decide not to take action"). The nominal entries have the old reading xìng. [COMMENDATORY!], [GENERAL], [HABITUAL], [RESPONSIBLE]
    • Oppos: 行/ACT The current general word for any deliberate action one may be held morally and/or administratively responsible for is xíng 行 (ant. zhǐ 止 "decide not to take action"). The nominal entries have the old reading xìng. [COMMENDATORY!], [GENERAL], [HABITUAL], [RESPONSIBLE]

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-Npsychsense for N; mind capable of recognizing things or phenomena
    • nab[post-N]human sensibilities; human moral responsiveness; human psychological capacitiesCH
    • nabcurrentfeelings; state of mind
    哀樂  āi lè OC: qɯɯl ɡ-raawɡ MC: ʔəi lɑk 13 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabadditivegrief and joy, these two thingsCH
    • NPabgeneralised abstractemotional reactions like those of (relative) joyfulness or sadness; 
    人情  rén qíng OC: njin dzeŋ MC: ȵin dziɛŋ 11 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfeaturehuman feelings in general
    • NPabpluralreal human feelings (often definite: the human feelings); real ways of thinking/reacting (of a given person or persons); (sometimes general:) sometimes: public way of thinking, public attitude
    中情  zhōng qíng OC: krluŋ dzeŋ MC: ʈuŋ dziɛŋ 8 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychreal underlying attitude; innermost genuine feelings
    端  duān OC: toon MC: tʷɑn 6 Attributions

    Duān 端 is a philosophical term referring to a specific or individualised basic moral and emotional sensibility or instinct.

      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychbasic impulse, basic motivation
    懷  huái OC: ɡruul MC: ɦɣɛi 5 Attributions

    Huái 懷 refers to a current emotional state or attitude of any kind.

      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychcurrent emotional attitude or emotional state; emotional attachments; attitudes and sympathies
    動心  dòng xīn MC: duwngX sim OC: dooŋʔ slɯm 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPihave one's mind unsettled; be mentally overwhelmed, lose moral or mental control; lose one's mental composure; be thrown off one's reasoned moral balance, be overly movedCH
    氣  qì OC: khɯds MC: khɨi 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab.adVwith your irrepressible feelingsCH
    • nabpsychstrongly felt acute feelings
    • viactshow intense feelingsCH
    質  zhì OC: tjid MC: tɕit 3 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 情/FEELING Qíng 情 refers specifically to one's real inner state, and one's basic essential feelings, one's essential emotional repertoire, and we have no more "love is a 情" in classical Chinese than "love is a 心".
    • Oppos: 形體/BODY Xíng tǐ 形體 is the standard current binome for the physical body of both men and animals, including the body after death, among other things as the container of vital energy qì 氣.

      Syntactic words
    • nabfigurativesubstantial feelings, basic attitudes (which identify one as the person one is)
    心氣  xīn qì MC: sim khj+jH OC: slɯm khɯds 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabstate of mind; mental and physical state of mindCH
    志  zhì OC: kljɯs MC: tɕɨ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}
    • nabpsychologicalZUO: feelings, what is basically on one's mind
    心情  xīn qíng OC: slɯm dzeŋ MC: sim dziɛŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychfeelings
    性情  xìng qíng OC: seŋs dzeŋ MC: siɛŋ dziɛŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychnatural feelings; basic feelings that are the result of one's inborn nature
    深心  shēn xīn OC: qhljum slɯm MC: ɕim sim 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPadVwith deep feelings, deep-heartedly
    六情  liù qíng OC: ɡ-ruɡ dzeŋ MC: luk dziɛŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabsix basic emotions; six natural emotional tendencies
    情質  qíng zhì OC: dzeŋ tjid MC: dziɛŋ tɕit 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychthe very substance of one's real feelings
    中  zhōng MC: trjuwng OC: krluŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nab[post-N]psychological[the subject's] inner feelingsCH
    纏緜  zhàn mián MC: trjen mjien OC: dans men 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPipoeticbe moving, entangle one with feelingsCH
    幽情  yōu qíng MC: -- dzjeng OC: qriw dzeŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPdeep feelingsDS
    意  yì OC: qɯɡs MC: ʔɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychthoughtful concern
    激楚  jī chǔ MC: kek tsrhjoX OC: kleeɡ skhraʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVtransfixed ?CH
    心懷  xīn huái OC: slɯm ɡruul MC: sim ɦɣɛi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychemotional state
    義  yì OC: ŋrals MC: ŋiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychproper moral feelings between; appropriate moral and emotional attachment between 曹植: 親交義不薄 "moral attachment to relatives and friends was not superficial"
    情感  qíng gǎn OC: dzeŋ koomʔ MC: dziɛŋ kəm 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabstativefeelings; emtional excitement DC 2: 晉 陸雲 《與陸典書書》："且念親各爾分析，情感復結，悲嘆而已。" 唐 白居易 《庭槐》詩："人生有情感，遇物牽所思。"
    感念  gǎn niàn OC: koomʔ mɢlɯɯms MC: kəm nem 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNfeel
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPipoeticbe moving, entangle one with feelingsCH
    激楚  jī chǔ MC: kek tsrhjoX OC: kleeɡ skhraʔ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVtransfixed (jQuery331018296750125079286_1608217624226?)CH
    激楚  jī chǔ MC: kek tsrhjoX OC: kleeɡ skhraʔ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVtransfixed (jQuery331018296750125079286_1608217624226?)CH