Taxonomy of meanings for 競:　　

  • 競 jìng (OC: ɡraŋs MC: ɡɯiaŋ) 渠敬切 去 廣韻：【俗競 】
  • 競 jìng (OC: ɡreŋs MC: ɡɯiaŋ) 渠敬切 去 廣韻：【爭也強也逐也高也遽也渠敬切七 】
    • COMPETE
      • nabactcontention; competition
      • vadVin competition with each other
      • vt[oN]compete for supremacy; engage in competition with each other; feel competitive with each other
      • vt+prep+Nvie for, compete for; compete in 競於; also: compete with 競於楚
      • vt+V[0]compete with with all one's strength to V, vie with others in Ving
      • vtoNcompete for, compete with
    • HURRY
      • ARGUE
        • SUDDENLY
            (竟)
          • LABOUR
            • vt+V[0]struggle to, make every effort to
          • STRONG
            • vibe ready for competition, be competitive> be vigorous and energetic, be in good shape; often used with negative: 不競
          • EQUAL
            • BORDER
                (境)

            Additional information about 競

            說文解字: 【競】，彊語也。一曰：逐也。从誩、从二人。 〔小徐本作「從誩、二人。」在「一曰」之前。〕 【渠慶切】

              Criteria
            • STRONG

              1. The current general word for the temporary state of strength, physical or political, are qiáng 強 (ant. ruò 弱 "weak").

              2. The typically nominal or adverbial lì 力 commonly refers to a permanent property of strength..

              3. Yì 毅 (ant. nuò 懦 "weak") refers to inflexible and unshakeable firmness as well as strength.

              4. Jìng 勁 (ant. léi 羸 "weak") and jìng 競 (ant. shuāi 衰 "reduced state, lack of energy") refers to strength mainly under the aspect of a physical or mental energy.

              5. Zhuàng 壯 (ant. ruò 弱 "weak") refers to longish-term constitutional physical strength.

              6. Jiàn 健 (ant. shuāi 衰 "in a reduced state, lacking energy") refers to temporary short-term constitutional strength which is the result of a good physical constitution. See HEALTHY

            • FIGHT

              1. The current general word for any form of conflict or competition is zhēng 爭 (ant. ràng 讓 "give polite precedence to"). However, the word specifically focusses on competition rather than physical violence.

              2. Dòu 鬥, ōu 毆 and the rarer bó 搏 (ant. què 卻 "withdraw from conflict") refer to physical interpersonal violence and struggle.

              3. Jìng 競 (ant. tuì 退 "withdraw from conflict") refers to intense competiton.

              4. Shì fēi 是非 refers to a primarily non-physical verbal conflict, but in extended usage it can refer to any political dissension or conflict.

              5. Fèn 奮 refers to a fierce physical strugge, often for a higher aim.

              6. Zhàn 戰 (ant. hé 和 "make peace; hold the peace") normally refers to armed conflict (see BATTLE) but the word can occasionally refer to an inner struggle in one's chest: zwei Seelen wohnen, ach, in meiner Brust.

              NB: Dāng 當 can refer to facing an opponent in battle, and the word is marginal in this group.

            • COMPETE

              1. The clearly dominant general word for competition or struggle, both hostile and friendly, is zhēng 爭 and the focus is on the conflict rather on what is being fought for. See STRUGGLE

              2. Jìng 競 is to compete strenuously, and to vie for something viewed as desirable, and the focus is not so much on the conflict involved as on the aim pursued.

              3. Jiǎo 角 is a rare elevated word for competition.

            • LABOUR

              1. The standard current word for hard work, often commendable assiduous effort, is láo 勞.

              2. Kùn 困 refers to work which is so hard as to be a substantial threat to well-being.

              3. Jìng 競 can occasionally refer to exceedingly hard work, particularly in a competitive spirit.

              Word relations
            • Contrast: (COMPETE)趨 / 趣/HURRY qū
            • Synon: (COMPETE)爭/COMPETE The clearly dominant general word for competition or struggle, both hostile and friendly, is zhēng 爭 and the focus is on the conflict rather on what is being fought for. See STRUGGLE