Taxonomy of meanings for 享:　　

  • 享 xiǎng (OC: qhaŋʔ MC: hiɐŋ) 許兩切 上 廣韻：【 】
    • ENJOY
      • vtoNactenjoy in practice (profit, benefits)
    • FEAST
      • nabeventfeast; entertainment
      • vtoNlay on a ceremonial reception (often involving recitation of poetry/songs) for
      • vt[oN]causativelay on a reception for someone
    • FEED
      • vtoNoffer food in a ceremonious way to someone; entertain to a banquet[IS THAT THE RIGHT SYN. GROUP SINCE THE WORD USUALLY USUALLY REFERS TO 'ENTERTAIN'; MAYBE IT SHOULD BE MOVED TO 'FEAST'][CA]
      • vtoNobject=foodfeed (drink or food)
      • vttoN1.+N2N1=recipientoffer N2 to N1DS
    • GIVE
      • vtoNhand up
    • GOVERN
      • vtoNenjoy the privileges of being a ruler over
    • SACRIFICE
      • vtoNmake (large-scale) offerings of wine to (the gods in order to seek their blessings)
      • nabactsacrificial offering
      • vt+prep+Nmake a ritual sacrifical offering to, in the form of a feast
      • viactpresent offerings
      • vt(oN)present religious pious offering to (a contextually determinate ruler)CH
      • vttoN1.+N2sacrificially offer N1 to N2CH
    • APPROPRIATE
      • = 烹
    • 享 xiǎng (OC: qhaŋʔ MC: hiɐŋ) 許兩切 上 廣韻：【獻也祭也臨也向也歆也書傳云奉上謂之亯 】
    • 享 xiǎng (OC: qhaŋʔ MC: hiɐŋ) 許兩切 上 廣韻：【同亯亦作享 】

      Additional information about 享

      說文解字:

        Criteria
      • FEED

        1. The current general word is sì 食 / 飼 which refers to any action of feeding, and the action of given someone something to drink is yìn 飲.

        2. Yù 飫 is to provide abundant food or even to regale guests.

        3. Xiǎng 享 / 饗 is typically to offer food for the enjoyment and appreciation of the spirits, and very often also for guests. See FEAST.

        4. Xiǎng 餉 is to serve someone a good meal for enjoyment, as a ritual sign of respect.

        5. Cān 餐 is to treat someone to a regular meal, hú 餬 is sometimes used to feed others with a very simple meal.

        6. Shàn 膳 refers to serving an excellent meal to somebody.

        7. Huàn 豢 is specifically to feed grain to pigs.

        8. Mò 秣 is specifically to feed horses with grain.

        9. Bǔ 哺 is specifically to feed babies.

        10. Tuī 摧 refers to giving fodder to animals.

        11. Yè 饁 is to carry food out for informal consumption by people working in the open air.

        12. Wèi 喂 / 餵 refers to feeding animals.

      • SACRIFICE

        1. The most general word for making sacrificial offerings of wine and food to spirits of Heaven, of Earth and to the ancestors (perhaps primarily to the spirits of Earth and of the ancestors) is jì 祭 which has become the most common word in Warring States times, replacing sì 祀, which was more common in SHU and SHI.

        2. Sì4 祀 is an archaic word which refers to the making of sacrificial offerings of wine and food to the spirits of Heaven, of Earth and to the ancestors, perhaps primarily and originally to the spirits of Heaven.

        3. Xiǎng 饗／享 refers to making sacrificial offerings in the form of food to one's ancestors.

        4. Diàn 奠 refers specifically to making formal sacrifices to the deceased not too long after his death.

        5. Là 臘 refers specifically to the winter sacrifice to Heaven and Earth.

        6. Fēng 封 refers to an imperial sacrifice to the spirits of Heaven at mount Taishan, where an altar had to be established for the occasion.

        7. Shàn 禪 refers specifically to the imperial sacrifice to the spirits of the Earth at the foot of mount Taishan,.

        8. Wàng 望 refers to sacrifices to the spirits of mountains and streams.

        9. Yì 瘞 refers to placing something (typically jade, or domestic animals) in the ground as part of or as a form of sacrifice to a deceased person.

        10. Lèi 酹 refers to the pouring of libations of wine on the ground.

      • GOVERN

        1. The general word for governing, administering or ordering things is zhì 治, old reading chí.

        2. Wéi 為, yǒu 有, yòng 用, lín 臨, lì 蒞, lǐ 理 are polite ways of referring to the government by a legitimate ruler.

        3. Nán miàn 南面, tīng zhèng 聽政, and the late jiàn zuò 踐祚 "ascend the throne and hold control" are polite ways of referring to the occupation of ruler's position by a legitimate incumbent.

        4. Zhèng 政 refers to the basically bureaucratic administration of a state, practical implementation of governmental measures.

        5. Shù 術 refers to the "philosophical" and political art of statecraft.

        6. Xiǎng 享 refers to government of a state as a privilege enjoyed by the legitimate ruler.

        7. Wàng 王 is the proper government of a state by its legitimate ruler, and term often has "idealising" nuances.

        8. Jūn 君 refers to de-facto government by a ruler without any idealising or approving nuances being implied.

        9. Zhuān 專 refers to the (often illegal or not entirely law-based) monopolising of power, and the word often has negative connotations.

        10. Xiàng 相 refers to senior roles in government bureaucracy other than those of the ruler.

        11. Sī 司 refers to administration on a scale below that of a state.

        12. Shǐ 使 refers to leadership, typically of the people.

        13. Mù 牧 refers to government as a paternalistic responsibility of the ruler.

      • ENJOY

        1. The current general word for active enjoyment and delighting in something is lè 樂 (ant. bēi 悲 "be saddened by"), as in 與民同樂 "share one's enjoyings/enjoyments with the people".

        2. Xiǎng 享 refers to enjoying material benefits or - when applied to gods and spirits - to the enjoyment of sacrifices.

        3. Lì 利 refers to the use and enjoyment of what one regards as profitable.

        4. NB: Hān 酣 refers to enjoying (prototypically alcohol) with gusto and enthusiasm, or in a transferred sense enjoying anything else in the way one might enjoy alcohol. The word is marginal to the group.