BRIGHT 光明明
FEATURE of ISSUING:giving out INTENSE LIGHT.
Old Chinese Criteria
2. Liàng 亮 "bright" (ant. yōu 幽 "dark and shady"), càn 燦 and làn 爛 are primarily optical and rather prosaic terms to use.
3. Zhāo 昭 "resplendent" (ant. míng 冥 "dark"), gěng 耿 "brilliant", hào 皓 "shining bright", yè 燁, and hè 赫 "luminous" is a highly charged ritually high-flown word that belongs to court language, often with metaphorical force.
4. Yáng 陽 "bright" (ant. yīn 陰 "dark") is simply the opposite of dark and does not connote any high degree of luminosity.
5. Lǎng 朗 is an elevated word used to refer to things resplendent and bright.
6. Hào 顥 and qíng 晴 "bright" refers to the brightness of the sky.
7. Yàn 宴／曣 refers specifically to the brightness of the sky.
8. Guāng 光 refers generally to light or even resplendence. See LIGHT
For causative uses see ILLUMINATE.
For figurative uses see ILLUSTRIOUS
Modern Chinese Criteria
亮
明
亮堂
通亮
光亮
雪亮
鮮亮
錚亮
敞亮
豁亮
透亮
瀏亮
清亮
澄瑩
明朗
清明
通明
鮮明
光明
輝煌
明快
杲杲
煌煌
燭燭
皓皓
燦燦
皓
金燦燦
金光光
亮光光
亮閃閃
亮錚錚
亮堂堂
亮
火光燭天
金光閃亮
光芒萬丈
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
- A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages
(
BUCK 1988)
p.
15.62 - "三國志"同義詞及其歷史演變
(
WANG TONGWEI 2010)
p.
444-449 - 王力古漢語字典
(
WANG LI 2000)
p.
659 灼，焯
1. WL claims that zhuo2 焯 is not used for 燒灼 "to burn or scintillate". But zhuo2 焯 is so rare in early texts that it is impossible to check this generalisation.
- SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse
(
GIRARD 1769)
p.
1.234;191 ECLAT.BRILLANT.LUSTRE; LUEUR.CLARTE.SPLENDEUR
Words
明 míng OC: mraŋ MC: mɣaŋ 25 AttributionsWD
The general term for what appears luminous or bright in the broadest sense of these terms is míng 明 (ant. àn 暗 "dark" and yǐn 隱 "dark"), a word heavily laden with religious overtones.
- Word relations
- Ant: 晦/DARK
Huì 晦 (ant. zhāng 彰 "plain and manifest") refers to obscurity, expecially of texts or of thoughts. - Ant: 暗 / 闇/DARK
Àn 暗/闇 (ant. míng 明 "bright") can refer to darkness but most of the time this word actually refers abstractly to the benightedness of a ruler. - Ant: 幽/DARK
The most current general word for physical shadowiness and obscurity is probably yōu 幽 (ant. míng 明 "bright"), but this word often has lyrical overtones of secluded peace. - Epithet: 堂/COURT
Táng 堂 is sometimes used to refer specifically to the (typically elevated) main hall at court, but the word is more common as the general term for "main hall". It seems that táng 堂 served mainly ceremonial and since the Warring States also political purposes. From Han times táng 堂 in its original meaning was replaced by diàn 殿. - Epithet: 月/MOON
The current word for the moon is yuè 月. - Epithet: 珠/PEARL
The standard word for a rounded pearl is zhū 珠. - Epithet: 鏡/MIRROR
The current general word for a mirror is jìng 鏡. [The word is known since the Warring States. Mirrors for the first time appeared in Central China in Shang times, but became no common prior to the Warring States period. Ancient Chinese mirrors were made of bronze, they were of round shape with a button in the centre to hang it up, and their one side was richly decorated. - Epithet: 日月/STAR
- Assoc: 光/BRIGHT
Guāng 光 refers generally to light or even resplendence. See LIGHT - Assoc: 精/BRIGHT
- Syntactic words
- nabstativebrightness; light
- vadNbright; shining
- vadNfigurativeillustrious (明德）
- vibe bright; shine brightly; be not dark
- vichangebecome bright; be lit up by
- vtoNfigurativemake illustrious
光明 guāng míng OC: kʷaaŋ mraŋ MC: kɑŋ mɣaŋ 16 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabbrightness, light (can occasionally be counted: > rays/beams of light)
- NPabfigurativebrightness, light
- VPibe filled with light, be bright
- VPifigurativeshine brightly (> be intelligent), be illustrious
昭 zhāo OC: kljew MC: tɕiɛu 7 AttributionsWD
Zhāo 昭 "resplendent" (ant. míng 冥 "dark"), gěng 耿 "brilliant", hào 皓 "shining bright", yè 燁, and hè 赫 "luminous" is a highly charged ritually high-flown word that belongs to court language, often with metaphorical force.
- Syntactic words
- nabstativebrightness; luminosity
- v.red:adNshining bright
- vadVbrilliantlyLZ
- vibe resplendent
熙 xī OC: qhlɯ MC: hɨ 5 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vichangebecome bright and illustrious
- vifigurativebright; spendid
光 guāng OC: kʷaaŋ MC: kɑŋ 4 AttributionsWD
Guāng 光 refers generally to light or even resplendence. See LIGHT
- Word relations
- Contrast: 耀 / 燿 / 曜/SHINE
Yào 耀 is a dramatic word referring to shining a dazzling light on something. - Assoc: 明/BRIGHT
The general term for what appears luminous or bright in the broadest sense of these terms is míng 明 (ant. àn 暗 "dark" and yǐn 隱 "dark"), a word heavily laden with religious overtones. - Assoc: 耀 / 燿 / 曜/SHINE
Yào 耀 is a dramatic word referring to shining a dazzling light on something.
- Syntactic words
- nabfeature
- nadNshining; glossy, shiny
- vibe bright, have a sheen
- vtoNcausativemake N bright (also figuratively); polishLZ
朗 lǎng OC: ɡ-raaŋʔ MC: lɑŋ 4 AttributionsWD
Lǎng 朗 is an elevated word used to refer to things resplendent and bright.
- Syntactic words
- nabfeaturebrightness
- vibe lucid and resplendent
皦 jiǎo OC: kleewʔ MC: keu 4 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Ant: 昧/DARK
Míng 冥 (ant. guāng 光 "light"), hūn 昏 (ant. zhāo 昭 "bright") and the rarer mèi 昧 (ant. xiǎn 顯 "clear and manifest") refer freely to purely optical darkness and abstract obscurity.
- Syntactic words
- vadNbright; shining
- vifigurativebe (figuratively) glittering, all shiny and bright (of music)
昭昭 zhāo zhāo OC: kljew kljew MC: tɕiɛu tɕiɛu 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPradiance; brightness
- vi.redbe bright and radiant
炳 bǐng OC: pqraŋʔ MC: pɣaŋ 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadVbrightly, brilliantly, clearly
- vibe bright, luminous
- vichangebecome bright, luminous
煥 huàn OC: qhloons MC: hʷɑn 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNglittering, brightCH
- vichangebecome brilliant, resplendent
- vifigurativebrilliant, resplendent
爽 shuǎng OC: sraŋʔ MC: ʂi̯ɐŋ 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe bright; shining
白 bái OC: braaɡ MC: bɣɛk 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadN.adVbright (daylight)
央 yāng OC: qaŋ MC: ʔi̯ɐŋ 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe shining; be brillant
灼 zhuó OC: pljewɡ MC: tɕi̯ɐk 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadVBURN> brightly, clearly
- vi.redvery bright; brilliant
皇 huáng OC: ɡʷaaŋ MC: ɦɑŋ 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNfigurativeaugust
- vibe brilliant; august
- vt+prep+Nshine forth in the place N
耿 gěng OC: kreeŋʔ MC: kɣɛŋ 2 AttributionsWD
Zhāo 昭 "resplendent" (ant. míng 冥 "dark"), gěng 耿 "brilliant", hào 皓 "shining bright", yè 燁, and hè 赫 "luminous" is a highly charged ritually high-flown word that belongs to court language, often with metaphorical force.
- Syntactic words
- vadNbright
- vibright; shine
赫 hè OC: qhraaɡ MC: hɣɛk 2 AttributionsWD
Zhāo 昭 "resplendent" (ant. míng 冥 "dark"), gěng 耿 "brilliant", hào 皓 "shining bright", yè 燁, and hè 赫 "luminous" is a highly charged ritually high-flown word that belongs to court language, often with metaphorical force.
- Syntactic words
- vibright
灼然 zhuó rán OC: pljewɡ njen MC: tɕi̯ɐk ȵiɛn 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadVclearly, obviously
白黑 bái hēi OC: braaɡ hmɯɯɡ MC: bɣɛk hək 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPab{nab1ant.nab2}conceptluminescence
- NPab{nab1ant.nab2}featurerelative luminescence
赫赫 hè hè OC: qhraaɡ qhraaɡ MC: hɣɛk hɣɛk 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPab{n.red}stativebrightness
- VPibe dazzling bright
- VPi+N{SUBJ}inversion, emphaticoh, how splendid was NDS
亮 liàng OC: ɡ-raŋs MC: li̯ɐŋ 1 AttributionWD
Liàng 亮 "bright" (ant. yōu 幽 "dark and shady"), càn 燦 and làn 爛 are primarily optical and rather prosaic terms to use.
- Syntactic words
- nabstativebrightness (SHU)
- vadNfigurativebrilliantCH
- vibe bright
剡 yǎn OC: k-lamʔ MC: jiɛm 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.redshine brightly; brilliant
晏 yàn OC: qraans MC: ʔɣan 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- nbright weather
晴 qíng OC: dzeŋ MC: dziɛŋ 1 AttributionWD
Hào 顥 and qíng 晴 "bright" refers to the brightness of the sky.
- Syntactic words
- nabbrightness (> clear sky without coulds)
煒 wěi OC: ɢulʔ MC: ɦɨi 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vibrilliant; bright; glowing
爛 làn OC: ɡ-raans MC: lɑn 1 AttributionWD
Liàng 亮 "bright" (ant. yōu 幽 "dark and shady"), càn 燦 and làn 爛 are primarily optical and rather prosaic terms to use.
- Syntactic words
- vivery bright[to sparkle]
皓 hào OC: ɡuuʔ MC: ɦɑu 1 AttributionWD
Zhāo 昭 "resplendent" (ant. míng 冥 "dark"), gěng 耿 "brilliant", hào 皓 "shining bright", yè 燁, and hè 赫 "luminous" is a highly charged ritually high-flown word that belongs to court language, often with metaphorical force.
- Syntactic words
- vadNshining bright
- vishining bright
皞 hào MC: hawX OC: ɡuuʔ 1 AttributionWD
hào
- Syntactic words
- vadNbright
陽 yáng OC: k-laŋ MC: ji̯ɐŋ 1 AttributionWD
Yáng 陽 "bright" (ant. yīn 陰 "dark") is simply the opposite of dark and does not connote any high degree of luminosity.
- Word relations
- Ant: 暗 / 闇/DARK
Àn 暗/闇 (ant. míng 明 "bright") can refer to darkness but most of the time this word actually refers abstractly to the benightedness of a ruler.
- Syntactic words
- vibright, light; luminous
顥 hào OC: ɡuuʔ MC: ɦɑu 1 AttributionWD
Hào 顥 and qíng 晴 "bright" refers to the brightness of the sky.
- Syntactic words
- vadNbright, shining (Heaven) (LSCQ)
- vibe bright and shining; be glittering
丕顯 pī xiǎn OC: phrɯ qhleenʔ MC: phi hen 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNillustrious
昉著 fǎng zhù MC: pjangX trjoH OC: paŋʔ k-las 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe resplendent
照明 zhào míng OC: kljews mraŋ MC: tɕiɛu mɣaŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabfigurativefig. brightness; light
穆穆 mù mù OC: muɡ muɡ MC: muk muk 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPifigurativesplendid, bright, august
鮮 xiān MC: sjen OC: senCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vichangefigurative: brighten up with fresh light of sensibilityCH
千眠 qiān mián MC: tshen men OC: snʰiin miin CH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPipoeticarcane and opaque: brilliant, scintillatingCH
宴 yàn OC: qeens MC: ʔen 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vi(of weather, or of the sky) be clear and bright. Also written 曣.
景 jǐng OC: kraŋʔ MC: kɣaŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNbright; radiant
曆 lì OC: reeɡ MC: lek 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.redreduplicated: be bright (a color, pearl, etc.)BIANWEN: 珠珍齊曆曆
曣 yàn MC: -- OC: -- 0 AttributionsWD
Yàn 宴／曣 refers specifically to the brightness of the sky.
- Syntactic words
- nbright weather, variant of 宴
焯 zhuó OC: ntjewɡ MC: tɕi̯ɐk 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe bright
燁 yè OC: ɢeb MC: ɦiɛp 0 AttributionsWD
Zhāo 昭 "resplendent" (ant. míng 冥 "dark"), gěng 耿 "brilliant", hào 皓 "shining bright", yè 燁, and hè 赫 "luminous" is a highly charged ritually high-flown word that belongs to court language, often with metaphorical force.
- Syntactic words
- vibe bright
燦 càn OC: tshaans MC: tshɑn 0 AttributionsWD
Liàng 亮 "bright" (ant. yōu 幽 "dark and shady"), càn 燦 and làn 爛 are primarily optical and rather prosaic terms to use.
- Syntactic words
- vidazzlingly bright
精 jīng OC: tseŋ MC: tsiɛŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Assoc: 明/BRIGHT
The general term for what appears luminous or bright in the broadest sense of these terms is míng 明 (ant. àn 暗 "dark" and yǐn 隱 "dark"), a word heavily laden with religious overtones.
- Syntactic words
- vibe bright SHIJI: 光精
明 míng OC: mraŋ MC: mɣaŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe bright and clear
易日 yì rì OC: leɡ mljiɡ MC: jiɛk ȵit 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPi0OBI: change to sunny weather
晏陰 yàn yīn OC: qraans qrɯm MC: ʔɣan ʔim 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabfeaturebrightness versus cloudiness LS
赫奕 hè yì OC: qhraaɡ k-laɡ MC: hɣɛk jiɛk 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe resplendent
清 qīng OC: tsheŋ MC: tshiɛŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe bright
粲 càn MC: tshanH OC: tshaansCH 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vifigurativebe scintillatingCH
Existing SW for
Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database:
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