MANY 多多
BIG in QUANTITY.
Antonym
- FEWSMALL in QUANTITY.
Hypernym
- BIGOF INTENSE SIZE OR DEGREE IN-RELATION-TO a STANDARD, OR IN-RELATION-TO the SIZE of a HUMAN.
See also
- MUCHBIG in QUANTITY of a SUBSTANCE.
Hyponym
- ABUNDANT HAVE OR BE INTENSELY MANY, TYPICALLY DESIRED, THINGS.
- FAT ABUNDANT in GREASE AND BIG AND HEAVY TYPICALLY BECAUSE of EXCESSIVE EATING. See also GREASE.
- SUFFICIENT ABUNDANT so as to PROVIDE what is NEEDED.
- SURPLUS MORE ABUNDANT than is NEEDED.
- PLURAL PREFIXES GRAMMAR. THESE ARE REALLY PREPOSED PARTICLES MARKING THE PLURAL IN THE NOUNS THEY COME BEFORE.
- COMPLEX HAVE MANY MIXED PARTS.
Old Chinese Criteria
2. Zhòng 眾 (ant. guǎ 寡 "few") and zhū 諸 refer to a large number of items of a certain kind.
3. Shù 庶 (ant. shǎo 少 "few") refers to a large number of typically animate and preferably human beings.
4. Fēn 紛 and the rarer yún yún 紜紜 refer to a confusing assembly of many things.
5. Shù 數 (ant.* dú 獨 "the only one" or * dān 單 ) refers to a fairly large number of things of a specified kind.
6. Fán 繁 refers to a large number of proliferating things.
7. Zhēng 烝 is a poetic word characterising the large size of a population.
Modern Chinese Criteria
大量
很多
好多
好些
許多
不少
眾多
多數 refers specifically to a majority of items and is marginal in the group.
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH /
Old Chinese Contrasts
- A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages
(
BUCK 1988)
p.
13.15 - 韓非子同義詞研究
(
HANFEI TONGYI 2004)
p.
355 - 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci
(
WU SANXING 2008)
p.
377ff - Using Chinese Synonyms
(
GRACE ZHANG 2010)
p.
100 - SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse
(
GIRARD 1769)
p.
1.439.399 BIEN.BEAUCOUP.ABONDAMENT.DOPIEUSEMENT
- 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典
(
HONG CHENGYU 2009)
p.
249
Words
多 duō OC: k-laal MC: tɑ 130 AttributionsWD
The dominant word referring to numerousness and a large quantity of a stuff is duō 多 (ant. shǎo 少).
- Word relations
- Ant: 寡/FEW
Guǎ 寡 (ant. zhòng 眾 "numerous" and occasionally also duō 多 "large in quantity") typically refers specifically humans not being numerous as opposed to larger groups of humans, but the word comes to refer also to any quantity being relatively large (五穀多寡 "the relative abundance of grain") and I have not found a systematic difference in nuance with shǎo 少 when the word is so used, except for the generally subjective intuition that guǎ 寡 being the dominant word in early times, perhaps retained a somewhat more dignified stylistic value throughout. - Ant: 寡/FEW
Guǎ 寡 (ant. zhòng 眾 "numerous" and occasionally also duō 多 "large in quantity") typically refers specifically humans not being numerous as opposed to larger groups of humans, but the word comes to refer also to any quantity being relatively large (五穀多寡 "the relative abundance of grain") and I have not found a systematic difference in nuance with shǎo 少 when the word is so used, except for the generally subjective intuition that guǎ 寡 being the dominant word in early times, perhaps retained a somewhat more dignified stylistic value throughout. - Ant: 寡/FEW
Guǎ 寡 (ant. zhòng 眾 "numerous" and occasionally also duō 多 "large in quantity") typically refers specifically humans not being numerous as opposed to larger groups of humans, but the word comes to refer also to any quantity being relatively large (五穀多寡 "the relative abundance of grain") and I have not found a systematic difference in nuance with shǎo 少 when the word is so used, except for the generally subjective intuition that guǎ 寡 being the dominant word in early times, perhaps retained a somewhat more dignified stylistic value throughout. - Ant: 少/FEW
The current general word referring to the relatively small number or the small amount of something is shǎo 少 (ant. duō 多 "many, much"). - Ant: 鮮/FEW
Xī 希/稀 and the more archaic xiǎn 鮮 refers to sparsity of distribution. - Contrast: 廣/ALL
- Assoc: 眾/MANY
Zhòng 眾 (ant. guǎ 寡 "few") and zhū 諸 refer to a large number of items of a certain kind. - Assoc: 繁/MANY
Fán 繁 refers to a large number of proliferating things. - Synon: 眾/MANY
Zhòng 眾 (ant. guǎ 寡 "few") and zhū 諸 refer to a large number of items of a certain kind.
- Syntactic words
- nmsubj=nonhumanmuch, what there is much of
- v[adN]many; a great part, the greater part
- v[adN]many things, muchCH
- vad.Vt(oN)reference=objectmany of the contextually determinate objects N; much of the contextually determinate object stuffLZ
- vad.VtoNreference=objectmany object N; much object stuff
- vadNnumerous, a great many, many; much; a lot of; a large number of
- vadNdefinitethe many
- vadVin many waysCH
- vadVpredominantly, majority-wiseCH
- vadVreference=objecton a large scale> many objects; much object stuff
- vadVreference=subjectin large numbers; one a wide scale; on a large scale [ATTRIBUTIONS NEED TO BE CLEANED UP HERE WHEN DELETING HAS GOT FASTER
- vadVsuperlativemost
- vichangebecome more and more
- vigradedbe many; be abundant, be much; be more than enough; be in a majority
- vimuchbe much, be plentiful
- vpostadNa lot, much
- vt( prep N)be in the majority (as compared to the contextually determinate N)CH
- vt(oN)have many of the contextually determinate things; be multifarious
- vt+prep+Ngradedbe more than 多於鄰國
- vt0oN{SUBJ}there are/were/will be many; be many
- vt0oN{SUBJ}.adSthe more there is N, the more S: 多...彌...
- vt0oN{SUBJ}.postN{TOP}among TOP there were many NsDS
- vtoNbe as many as, amount to
- vtoNhave many;contain many items of the type NCH
- vtoNgradedbe more than; be greater than
眾 zhòng OC: tjuŋs MC: tɕuŋ 72 AttributionsWD
Zhòng 眾 (ant. guǎ 寡 "few") and zhū 諸 refer to a large number of items of a certain kind.
- Word relations
- Ant: 寡/FEW
Guǎ 寡 (ant. zhòng 眾 "numerous" and occasionally also duō 多 "large in quantity") typically refers specifically humans not being numerous as opposed to larger groups of humans, but the word comes to refer also to any quantity being relatively large (五穀多寡 "the relative abundance of grain") and I have not found a systematic difference in nuance with shǎo 少 when the word is so used, except for the generally subjective intuition that guǎ 寡 being the dominant word in early times, perhaps retained a somewhat more dignified stylistic value throughout. - Ant: 少/FEW
The current general word referring to the relatively small number or the small amount of something is shǎo 少 (ant. duō 多 "many, much"). - Assoc: 多/MANY
The dominant word referring to numerousness and a large quantity of a stuff is duō 多 (ant. shǎo 少). - Synon: 多/MANY
The dominant word referring to numerousness and a large quantity of a stuff is duō 多 (ant. shǎo 少).
- Syntactic words
- nabstativenumerousness
- npost-Nthe crowd of Ns 夜叉眾
- v(adN)multiple ones of the contextually determinate kindCH
- v[adN]N=humana large number of peopleCH
- v[adN]nonreferentialthose who are more> the majority
- vadNdefinitethe numerous (primarily of persons), the numerous (dignified objects); the many; all the various
- vadNgrammatical termreferring to many items GULIANG Yin 4 衛人者眾辭也 "a plural phrase (!)"
- vadNindefinitemany
- vadNN=nonhuthe many; a great deal of
- vichangebecome many; become numerous, become more
- vigradedbe many, be numerous; contain many members; be in the majority 甚眾
- vpostadNgradedin large numbers 甚眾
- vt0oNgradedthere are many, there is a proliferation of [construction opaque]
- vtoNhave many, contain many
種 zhǒng OC: tjoŋʔ MC: tɕi̯oŋ 33 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- n.redall kinds of things
- n.red:adNsundry; all kinds of, various, many, all sorts of
- npost-V{NUM}.adVin V[NUM] number of ways
- vi.red:adVin many ways
繁 fán OC: ban MC: bi̯ɐn 19 AttributionsWD
Fán 繁 refers to a large number of proliferating things.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 多/MANY
The dominant word referring to numerousness and a large quantity of a stuff is duō 多 (ant. shǎo 少). - Assoc: 夥/MANY
- Assoc: 盛/ABUNDANT
The general word for abundance of any kind, man-made or natural, is shèng 盛 (ant.*xī 稀 "sparse"). - Assoc: 茂/FLOURISH
The literal word for luxuriant growth of plants is mào 茂 (ant. diāo 凋 "dried up").
- Syntactic words
- v[adN]abstracta superabundance of varied thingsCH
- vadNseveral, multipleCH
- vadVabundantly, in proliferation; prolifically; multifariously
- vibe manifold; be abundant, elaborate, numerous; be busy with people
- vichangeproliferate; archaic, poetic: be flourishing; become numerous, multiply
- vtoNcausativemake numerous, cause (punishments) to proliferate
多少 duō shǎo OC: k-laal hmljewʔ MC: tɑ ɕiɛu 14 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabobjectVERB how much, how many
- NPab{nab1ant.nab2}featurequantity, amount
- VPadNmany, numerous
- VPadNquestionhow many? how much?
- VPipredicativebe how many? be how much?
多有 duō yǒu OC: k-laal ɢʷɯʔ MC: tɑ ɦɨu 10 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe many in number
- VPt0oN1pro.postN1{SUBJ}There are many instances of N1
- VPt0oN{SUBJ}there are many
幾何 jǐ hé OC: kɯlʔ ɡlaal MC: kɨi ɦɑ 10 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPpro(.adN)問爲田幾何 'what is the size of that field (i. e. how many <counting unit> make up its size)' how many (of the contextually determinate N)VK
- NPpro.adNhow many
無數 wú shù OC: ma sqros MC: mi̯o ʂi̯o 9 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNinnumerable
- VPiwithout number > coutnless, numerous, very many
- VPpostadNinnumerable
萬 wàn OC: mblans MC: mi̯ɐn 6 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- v[adN]countless thingsLZ
- vadN10,000 > the many N, the countless N
不少 bù shǎo OC: pɯʔ hmljewʔ MC: pi̯ut ɕiɛu 6 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPilitotesbe many in number; be quite a few
許多 xǔ duō OC: hŋaʔ k-laal MC: hi̯ɤ tɑ 6 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NP{NUM}(+N)many (contextually determinate N)
- VP[adN]many things
- VPadNmany, numerous; all kinds of
大 dà OC: daads MC: dɑi 5 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vad.VtoNwith respect to a large number of N > on a large scale, involving a large amount of object stuff
庶 shù OC: qhljaɡs MC: ɕi̯ɤ 5 AttributionsWD
Shù 庶 (ant. shǎo 少"few") refers to a large number of typically animate and preferably human beings.
- Syntactic words
- vadNdefinitethe numerous; all the many, all the multifarious
- vibe teeming
- vitimeoccasionally, archaic: be multitudinous; adjectival, perhaps also archaic: numerous in kind; multitudinous
百 bǎi OC: praaɡ MC: pɣɛk 5 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNfigurativemany; lot of
- vadVfigurativemany times
- vibe many; be of all sorts, be of many kindsCH
若干 ruò gān OC: njaɡ kaan MC: ȵi̯ɐk kɑn 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNseveral; numerous
七十二 qī shí èr MC: tshit dzyip nyijH OC: snʰid ɡjub njisCH 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNPERHAPS 虛數 a great many? any number of? , quite a lot of? CH
積 jī OC: skleɡ MC: tsiɛk 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNaccumulated > many
諸 zhū OC: klja MC: tɕi̯ɤ 3 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Synon: 無量/INFINITE
Skt. aparamita, apramAna refers to an excessively large or uncountable number
- Syntactic words
- padNquantifierplural marker, in translation from Sanskrit> the many different N, the several N (the reference is to a closed enumerable set)
恆沙 héng shā OC: ɡɯɯŋ sraal MC: ɦəŋ ʂɣɛ 3 AttributionsWD
Skt: Gangaa-nadii-vaalukaa
- Syntactic words
- NPadNintensitiveBUDDH: sand of the Ganges river > as numerous as the sand of the Ganges> countless
若而 ruò ér OC: njaɡ njɯ MC: ȵi̯ɐk ȵɨ 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- PPadNso many
許多般 xǔ duō bān OC: hŋaʔ k-laal paan MC: hi̯ɤ tɑ pʷɑn 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabfigurative?? "all sorts of" > all kind of things ??
- VPadNall kinds of; a great number of (see also 許多 and 多般)
雲 yún OC: ɢun MC: ɦi̯un 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nadVin large numbers (like clouds)
天下 tiān xià MC: then haeX OC: lʰiin ɢraaʔCH 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPplurall sorts of people in the world, many people in the worldCH
劇 jù OC: ɡlaɡ MC: gɣɛk 2 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Ant: 寡/FEW
Guǎ 寡 (ant. zhòng 眾 "numerous" and occasionally also duō 多 "large in quantity") typically refers specifically humans not being numerous as opposed to larger groups of humans, but the word comes to refer also to any quantity being relatively large (五穀多寡 "the relative abundance of grain") and I have not found a systematic difference in nuance with shǎo 少 when the word is so used, except for the generally subjective intuition that guǎ 寡 being the dominant word in early times, perhaps retained a somewhat more dignified stylistic value throughout.
- Syntactic words
- vibe many 事劇而功寡
- vtoNcausativemultiply, increase in number > exacerbate
煩 fán OC: ban MC: bi̯ɐn 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vichangebecome numerous
紛 fēn OC: phɯn MC: phi̯un 2 AttributionsWD
Fēn 紛 and the rarer yún yún 紜紜 refer to a confusing assembly of many things.
- Syntactic words
- vadSin abundance, abundantly
- vibe numerous, confused and various; be mixed and manifold
累 lěi OC: rolʔ MC: liɛ 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNaccumulated> several; large amount of
蟄 zhé OC: dib MC: ɖip 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNswarmingCH
- vi.redbe in swarms: very many
千萬 qiān wàn OC: snʰiin mblans MC: tshen mi̯ɐn 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNinnumerable
熾盛 chì shèng OC: khljɯɡs djeŋs MC: tɕhɨ dʑiɛŋ 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiflourish > be abundant, be numerous
- VPpostadNin abundance
寡 guǎ OC: kʷraaʔ MC: kɣɛ 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPab{nab1ant.nab2}conceptquantity, number of items
如許多 rú xǔ duō OC: nja hŋaʔ k-laal MC: ȵi̯ɤ hi̯ɤ tɑ 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNintensitiveso many, so much
盛 shèng MC: dzyengH OC: djeŋs CH 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNdefinitethe manyCH
萬夫 wàn fū MC: -- pju OC: mblans paCH 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPlots of people, a huge number of peopleCH
噳 yǔ OC: ŋʷaʔ MC: ŋi̯o 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.redbe very numerous
塵 chén OC: din MC: ɖin 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- nmadNfigurativeas many as specks of dust > numberless
振 zhèn OC: kljɯns MC: tɕin
振 zhēn OC: kljɯn MC: tɕin 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.redpoetic: be multitudinous
族 zú OC: sɡooɡ MC: dzuk 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous
昆 kūn OC: kuun MC: kuo̝n 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- nadNmumerous; swarming (insects)
祁 qí OC: ɡril MC: gi 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous; many; ample; abundant
稠 chóu OC: dɯw MC: ɖɨu 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous
薨 hōng OC: hmɯɯŋ MC: həŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.redbe very many
藹 ǎi OC: qaads MC: ʔɑi 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous
詵 shēn OC: srin MC: ʂɪn 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.redbe multitudinous
豐 fēng OC: phuŋ MC: phuŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe in abundance, be many; be proliferating
- viexcessivebe in superabundance
貳 èr OC: njis MC: ȵi 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNcausativemake manifold
麌 yǔ OC: ŋʷaʔ MC: ŋi̯o 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.redSHI: be numerous; flock together in a herd
不勝 bù shēng OC: pɯʔ lʰɯŋ MC: pi̯ut ɕɨŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNcountless
不鮮 bù xiǎn OC: pɯʔ sqenʔ MC: pi̯ut siɛn 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPilitotesbe not to few (i.e. many)
多子 duō zǐ OC: k-laal sklɯʔ MC: tɑ tsɨ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabcolloquialmuch > a big deal idiomatic: 無多子 there is not much to it!
多眾 duō zhòng OC: k-laal tjuŋs MC: tɑ tɕuŋ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNnumerous
多般 duō bān OC: k-laal paan MC: tɑ pʷɑn 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNmany, various, of so many kinds, in so many ways
猥多 wěi duō OC: quulʔ k-laal MC: ʔuo̝i tɑ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe many
眾多 zhòng duō OC: tjuŋs k-laal MC: tɕuŋ tɑ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPigradedbe many
種果 zhǒng guǒ OC: tjoŋʔ kloolʔ MC: tɕi̯oŋ kʷɑ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPadNmany
難計 nán jì OC: mɢlaan kiis MC: nɑn kei 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe hard to count> be many
非算 fēi suàn OC: pɯl sqoonʔ MC: pɨi sʷɑn 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNuncountably high (number); uncountably many
頗有 pǒ yǒu OC: phaalʔ ɢʷɯʔ MC: phʷɑ ɦɨu 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNmany
列 liè MC: ljet OC: b-redCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNa range of, a number ofCH
密 mì 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNmany, densely packed togetherCH
相望 xiāng wàng MC: sjang mjangH OC: sqaŋ maŋsCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPipoeticbe so numerous as to be visible to each otherCH
數 shǔ MC: srjuX OC: sqroʔCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNlarge number ofCH
云云 yún yún MC: hjun hjun OC: ɢun ɢunVK 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPireduplicatedbe overwhelming in numberVK
兆 zhào MC: drjewX OC: ɡrlewʔCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNmyriads ofCH
叢 cóng OC: dzooŋ MC: dzuŋ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nadVin large numbers> growing thickly
嘽 tān OC: thaan MC: thɑn 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous
夥 huǒ OC: ɡloolʔ MC: ɦʷɑ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- viQi dialect, rare, SHUOWEN: be many, be numerous
敦 dūn OC: tuun MC: tuo̝n 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNnumerous
- vinumerous
殷 yīn OC: qɯn MC: ʔɨn 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous
溱 zhēn OC: tsrin MC: ʈʂin 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous
烝 zhēng OC: kjɯŋ MC: tɕɨŋ 0 AttributionsWD
Zhēng 烝 is a poetic word characterising the large size of a population.
- Syntactic words
- vadVin great numbers
- vibe many; be numerous
焞 Click here to add pinyin OC: MC: 0 AttributionsWD
tuī
- Syntactic words
- viample; numerous
猥 wěi OC: quulʔ MC: ʔuo̝i 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vad.Vt+Nreference=Nmany N; much of N
繽 bīn OC: phin MC: phin 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous, be multifarious
膴 wǔ OC: maʔ MC: mi̯o 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerous
多寡 duō guǎ OC: k-laal kʷraaʔ MC: tɑ kɣɛ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPab{nab1ant.nab2}quantityrelative quantity
少多 shǎo duō OC: hmljewʔ k-laal MC: ɕiɛu tɑ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabfeaturerelative quantity
弘多 hóng duō OC: ɡʷɯɯŋ k-laal MC: ɦəŋ tɑ 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe many; be abundant
無算 wú suàn OC: ma sqoonʔ MC: mi̯o sʷɑn 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe countless; be of no definite number (LIJI)
紜紜 yún yún OC: ɢun ɢun MC: ɦi̯un ɦi̯un 0 AttributionsWD
Fēn 紛 and the rarer yún yún 紜紜 refer to a confusing assembly of many things.
- Syntactic words
- vi.redintensitivebe very varied, be very numerous [EXAMPLES???]
海 hǎi OC: hmlɯɯʔ MC: həi 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nmmultitude
數眾 shù zhòng MC: srjuH -- OC: sqros --DS 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiDELENDUM be manyDS
數眾 shù zhòng MC: srjuH -- OC: sqros --DS 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe manyDS
贏 yíng MC: yeng OC: leŋCH 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vibe numerousCH
Existing SW for
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