COUNTRYSIDE  郊外

LANDSCAPE OUTSIDE CITIES AND SUBURBS.
COUNTRYGREENBELTGREAT OUTDOORSRURAL AREASBACK
Antonym
  • CITYBIG PLACE that CONTAINS MANY STREETS AND GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS, AND where INTENSELY MANY PEOPLE LIVE NEAR TOGETHER.
    • SUBURBDWELL:inhabited TERRITORY NEAR a CITY.
      Hypernym
      • LANDSCAPEFEATURES of TERRITORY.
        • TERRITORYPLACE INSIDE DEFINED BOUNDARIES.
          • PLACEPART of SPACE that THINGS BE-IN:are-in.
            • PARTOBJECT which COMBINES with OTHER OBJECTS to BECOME ONE LARGER WHOLE OBJECT....
      See also
      • BOUNDARYLIMIT which DIVIDES something into the INSIDE and OUTSIDE.
        Old Chinese Criteria
        1. The current general word for the undelimited non-urban areas is yě 野 (ant. yì 邑 "urbanised settlement").

        2. Jiāo 郊 is the fairly well-defined cultivated countryside immediately surround a conurbation; it is also the place where "suburban" sacrifices are held. See CITY

        3. Pì 僻 refers to unfrequented outlying parts of the country without strongly suggesting any deficiency in culture.

        4. Bǐ 鄙 refers again to the outlying parts of the countryside that are deficient in "high culture", and these words are predominantly used as adjectives.

        5. Lòu 陋 is a rare word referring to the remote countryside.

        6. Huāng 荒 refers to any lack of cultivated vegetation and even demarkation of fields.

        Modern Chinese Criteria
        郊外

        鄉村

        農村

        鄉間

        鄉下

        鄉

        rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

        • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 19.13

        • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

          COUNTRYSIDE

          rus refers to the country as opposed to a town or city.

          ager refers to the open country or fields.

        • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

          RUS

        • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1476

          野，鄙，都，郊

        • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. NO. 22

        Words

        野  yě OC: laʔ MC: jɣɛ 18 Attributions

        The current general word for the undelimited non-urban areas is yě 野 (ant. yì 邑 "urbanised settlement").

          Word relations
        • Epithet: 曠/BROAD Kuàng 曠 adds to the feature of broadness and wide space that of emptiness.
        • Epithet: 無人/EMPTY
        • Contrast: 地/TERRITORY Dì 地 refers to a well-defined bounded piece of territory.
        • Oppos: 都/CAPITAL CITY Dū 都 typically refers to a conurbation which serves as an administrative centre below the level of a capital, but the meaning of the word does often include the capital and it is occasionally used to refer specifically to the capital.

          Syntactic words
        • nopen countryside
        • nabmetaphysical"wilderness"
        • nadNbelonging to the countryside; taking place in the countryside; from the countryside
        • nadVplacein the open countryside
        田野  tián yě OC: ɡ-liiŋ laʔ MC: den jɣɛ 6 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • NPnonreferentialthe countryside with fields and wilderness
        鄙  bǐ OC: prɯʔ MC: pi 5 Attributions

        Bǐ 鄙 refers again to the outlying parts of the countryside that are deficient in "high culture", and these words are predominantly used as adjectives.

          Syntactic words
        • nout-of-the-way place in the countryside, outlying district
        • vtoNmiddle voicebe rusticated, be sent to the outlying areas, be sent to the countryside
        僻陋  pì lòu OC: pheeɡ roos MC: phek lu 5 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • VPadNoutlying [contrast bǐ lòu 鄙陋 "vulgar and ignorant".]
        僻  pì OC: pheeɡ MC: phek 2 Attributions

        Pì 僻 refers to unfrequented outlying parts of the country without strongly suggesting any deficiency in culture.

          Word relations
        • Assoc: 陋/COUNTRYSIDE Lòu 陋 is a rare word referring to the remote countryside.

          Syntactic words
        • nout of the way place
        • vadNZUO: out of the way, little frequented
        偏  piān OC: phen MC: phiɛn 1 Attribution
          Syntactic words
        • nthe countryside outside a city; borderland
        • vibe distant from the centre, out-lying and undeveloped; be remote
        林野  lín yě OC: ɡ-rɯm laʔ MC: lim jɣɛ 1 Attribution
          Syntactic words
        • NPwooded countryside
        虛空  xū kōng OC: qhla khooŋ MC: hi̯ɤ khuŋ 1 Attribution
          Syntactic words
        • NPsubjectwilderness
        野鄙  yě bǐ MC: dzyoX pijX OC: laʔ prɯʔCH 1 Attribution
          Syntactic words
        • NPoutlying regions, distant countrysideCH
        縣鄙  xiàn bǐ MC: hwenH pijX OC: ɢʷeens prɯʔLZ 1 Attribution
          Syntactic words
        • NPnonreferentialrural parts of a countryLZ
        外  wài OC: ŋoods MC: ŋɑi 0 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • viHF 1.3.77: in the field, away from the capital
        甸  diàn OC: ɡ-liiŋs MC: den 0 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • nadministrative unit of 16 market villages
        荒  huāng OC: hmaaŋ MC: hɑŋ 0 Attributions

        Huāng 荒 refers to any lack of cultivated vegetation and even demarkation of fields.

          Syntactic words
        • nthe open uncultivated countryside
        郊  jiāo OC: kreew MC: kɣɛu 0 Attributions

        Jiāo 郊 is the fairly well-defined cultivated countryside immediately surround a conurbation; it is also the place where "suburban" sacrifices are held. See CITY

          Syntactic words
        陋  lòu OC: roos MC: lu 0 Attributions

        Lòu 陋 is a rare word referring to the remote countryside.

          Word relations
        • Assoc: 僻/COUNTRYSIDE Pì 僻 refers to unfrequented outlying parts of the country without strongly suggesting any deficiency in culture.

          Syntactic words
        • nout-of-the-way place of little culture
        野里  yě lǐ OC: laʔ ɡ-rɯʔ MC: jɣɛ lɨ 0 Attributions
          Syntactic words
        • NPthe countryside

        Existing SW for

        Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database: