COUNTRYSIDE    郊外

LANDSCAPE OUTSIDE CITIES AND SUBURBS.
COUNTRYGREENBELTGREAT OUTDOORSRURAL AREASBACK
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for the undelimited non-urban areas is yě 野 (ant. yì 邑 "urbanised settlement"). 2. Jiāo 郊 is the fairly well-defined cultivated countryside immediately surround a conurbation; it is also the place where "suburban" sacrifices are held. See CITY 3. Pì 僻 refers to unfrequented outlying parts of the country without strongly suggesting any deficiency in culture. 4. Bǐ 鄙 refers again to the outlying parts of the countryside that are deficient in "high culture", and these words are predominantly used as adjectives. 5. Lòu 陋 is a rare word referring to the remote countryside. 6. Huāng 荒 refers to any lack of cultivated vegetation and even demarkation of fields.
Modern Chinese Criteria
郊外 鄉村 農村 鄉間 鄉下 鄉 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Antonym
  • CITYBIG PLACE that CONTAINS MANY STREETS AND GOVERNMENT BUILDINGS, AND where INTENSELY MANY PEOPLE LIVE NEAR TOGETHER.
  • SUBURBDWELL:inhabited TERRITORY NEAR a CITY.
See also
  • BOUNDARYLIMIT which DIVIDES something into the INSIDE and OUTSIDE.
Hypernym
  • LANDSCAPE　FEATURES of TERRITORY. (anc: 6/0, child: 8)
  • TERRITORY　PLACE INSIDE DEFINED BOUNDARIES. (anc: 5/0, child: 7)
  • PLACE　PART of SPACE that THINGS BE-IN:are-in. (anc: 4/0, child: 39)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 19.13

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    COUNTRYSIDE

    rus refers to the country as opposed to a town or city.

    ager refers to the open country or fields.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    RUS

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 1476

    野，鄙，都，郊

  • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. NO. 22

    • Words (16 items)

    野  yě OC: laʔ MC: jɣɛ 18 Attributions

    The current general word for the undelimited non-urban areas is yě 野 (ant. yì 邑 "urbanised settlement").

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 曠/BROAD Kuàng 曠 adds to the feature of broadness and wide space that of emptiness.
    • Epithet: 無人/EMPTY
    • Contrast: 地/TERRITORY Dì 地 refers to a well-defined bounded piece of territory.
    • Oppos: 都/CAPITAL CITY Dū 都 typically refers to a conurbation which serves as an administrative centre below the level of a capital, but the meaning of the word does often include the capital and it is occasionally used to refer specifically to the capital.

      Syntactic words
    • nopen countryside
    • nabmetaphysical"wilderness"
    • nadNbelonging to the countryside; taking place in the countryside; from the countryside
    • nadVplacein the open countryside
    田野  tián yě OC: ɡ-liiŋ laʔ MC: den jɣɛ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialthe countryside with fields and wilderness
    鄙  bǐ OC: prɯʔ MC: pi 5 Attributions

    Bǐ 鄙 refers again to the outlying parts of the countryside that are deficient in "high culture", and these words are predominantly used as adjectives.

      Syntactic words
    • nout-of-the-way place in the countryside, outlying district
    • vtoNmiddle voicebe rusticated, be sent to the outlying areas, be sent to the countryside
    僻陋  pì lòu OC: pheeɡ roos MC: phek lu 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNoutlying [contrast bǐ lòu 鄙陋 "vulgar and ignorant".]
    僻  pì OC: pheeɡ MC: phek 2 Attributions

    Pì 僻 refers to unfrequented outlying parts of the country without strongly suggesting any deficiency in culture.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 陋/COUNTRYSIDE Lòu 陋 is a rare word referring to the remote countryside.

      Syntactic words
    • nout of the way place
    • vadNZUO: out of the way, little frequented
    縣鄙  xiàn bǐ MC: hwenH pijX OC: ɢʷeens prɯʔ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPnonreferentialrural parts of a countryLZ
    林野  lín yě OC: ɡ-rɯm laʔ MC: lim jɣɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPwooded countryside
    野鄙  yě bǐ MC: dzyoX pijX OC: laʔ prɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPoutlying regions, distant countrysideCH
    虛空  xū kōng OC: qhla khooŋ MC: hi̯ɤ khuŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPsubjectwilderness
    偏  piān OC: phen MC: phiɛn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nthe countryside outside a city; borderland
    • vibe distant from the centre, out-lying and undeveloped; be remote
    荒  huāng OC: hmaaŋ MC: hɑŋ 0 Attributions

    Huāng 荒 refers to any lack of cultivated vegetation and even demarkation of fields.

      Syntactic words
    • nthe open uncultivated countryside
    郊  jiāo OC: kreew MC: kɣɛu 0 Attributions

    Jiāo 郊 is the fairly well-defined cultivated countryside immediately surround a conurbation; it is also the place where "suburban" sacrifices are held. See CITY

      Syntactic words
    陋  lòu OC: roos MC: lu 0 Attributions

    Lòu 陋 is a rare word referring to the remote countryside.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 僻/COUNTRYSIDE Pì 僻 refers to unfrequented outlying parts of the country without strongly suggesting any deficiency in culture.

      Syntactic words
    • nout-of-the-way place of little culture
    野里  yě lǐ OC: laʔ ɡ-rɯʔ MC: jɣɛ lɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPthe countryside
    外  wài OC: ŋoods MC: ŋɑi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viHF 1.3.77: in the field, away from the capital
    甸  diàn OC: ɡ-liiŋs MC: den 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nadministrative unit of 16 market villages