BONE    骨頭

INTENSELY HARD BODY TISSUE.
Old Chinese Criteria
1. By far the most general and current word for all kinds of bones is gǔ 骨. [GENERAL]; [[CURRENT+]] 2. Hái 骸 refers to the set of bones that constutute the skeleton in a living or dead person, and the word is often used collectively to refer by synecdoche either to the living or to the dead body. [COLLECTIVE] 3. Gé 骼 refer to the set of bones that constitute the skeleton. [ARCHAIC], [COLLECTIVE], [GENERAL] [TECHNICAL-TERM]; [[RARE]] 3. Gàn 幹 refers to the backbone or to the ribs as the bones which hold up the shape of the chest. [SPECIFIC], [TECHNICAL-TERM] 4. Xié 脅 refers specifically to the ribs. See RIB [SPECIFIC]; [[CURRENT]]
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 BODY 28. 骨，一切骨頭的通稱。 骼，死人和死動物沒有殘肉的骨頭。 骴，死人和死動物留有殘肉的骨頭。 骸，多用於死人的骨頭。
Modern Chinese Criteria
骨 骨頭 first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL. 18.11.2003. CH
Hyponym
  • SPINE　SEQUENCE OF BONES FROM NECK TO ABDOMEN AND THE BODY PART SURROUNDING IT. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • RIB　BIG BONES at FRONT of CHEST. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • FISH BONE　BONE in FISH. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
Antonym
  • FLESHMUSCLES AND SINEWS of a ANIMAL OR HUMAN.
Hypernym
  • BODY TISSUE　IMPORTANT NOT LIQUID SUBSTANCES IN THE BODY. (anc: 5/0, child: 7)
  • SUBSTANCE　THING NOT SEPARATED into SEPARATE PARTS. (anc: 4/0, child: 28)
  • THING　CONCRETE OBJECT. (anc: 3/0, child: 10)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 4.16

  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 4.162

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 6

    KNOCHENGERUEST, KNOCHEN

  • Dictionnaire culturel en langue francaise ( REY 2005) p. 3.1223

  • Encyclopedia of Religion ( JONES 2005) p.

    • Words (10 items)

    骸  hái OC: ɡrɯɯ MC: ɦɣɛi 17 Attributions

    Hái 骸 refers to the set of bones that constutute the skeleton in a living or dead person, and the word is often used collectively to refer by synecdoche either to the living or to the dead body. [COLLECTIVE]

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 骨/BONE By far the most general and current word for all kinds of bones is gǔ 骨. [GENERAL]; [[CURRENT+]]
    • Assoc: 形/SHAPE The most current general word describing the physical shape of something is xíng 形.

      Syntactic words
    • nccpluralhuman bones in the living body or as part of a skeleton
    骨  gǔ OC: kuud MC: kuot 15 Attributions

    By far the most general and current word for all kinds of bones is gǔ 骨. [GENERAL]; [[CURRENT+]]

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 筋/SINEW
    • Assoc: 肌/FLESH
    • Assoc: 角/HORN The current general term refering to a horn is jiǎo 角.
    • Assoc: 骸/BONE Hái 骸 refers to the set of bones that constutute the skeleton in a living or dead person, and the word is often used collectively to refer by synecdoche either to the living or to the dead body. [COLLECTIVE]
    • Assoc: 肉/MEAT The current general word for meat as something edible is ròu 肉.
    • Oppos: 志/ASPIRATION The general term for an aspiration is zhì 志 and verbally zhì yú 志於 "aspire to", and this term always refers to life-long highest aim. [GENERAL]; [[COMMON]]

      Syntactic words
    • nbone, typically of a dead human or animal; but also, occasionally in a living creature
    • n(post-N)the bones of a contextually determinate personCH
    • n[post-N]bones of humans
    • npost-NN's bonesDS
    • nreflexiveone's own bones
    骸骨  hái gǔ OC: ɡrɯɯ kuud MC: ɦɣɛi kuot 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • npluralbones of all kinds
    胔  zì OC: dzes MC: dziɛ
    髊  zì OC: sɡals MC: dziɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nbones with flesh on them
    骼  gé OC: kraaɡ MC: kɣɛk 2 Attributions

    Hái 骸 and the rarer as well as more technical gé 骼refer to the set of bones that constitute the skeleton.

      Syntactic words
    • ndried bones, skeleton
    髓  suǐ OC: sqlolʔ MC: siɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nmarrow of the bone
    幹  gàn OC: kaans MC: kɑn 2 Attributions

    Gàn 幹 refers to the backbone or to the ribs as the bones which hold up the shape of the chest. [SPECIFIC], [TECHNICAL-TERM]

      Syntactic words
    • nbones; backbone
    脅  xié OC: qhlob MC: hi̯ɐp 1 Attribution

    Xié 脅 refers specifically to the ribs. xxx

      Syntactic words
    • nribs
    • npost-NN's ribsDS
    骨髓  gǔ suǐ OC: kuud sqlolʔ MC: kuot siɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPmarrow of the bones; bones and marrow
    骹  qiāo OC: khreew MC: khɣɛu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ntibia