COVER    覆蓋

CONCEAL something by PUTTING something ABOVE it.
HIDECONCEALVEIL
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for any mode of covering something for any purpose or in any way is fù 覆. The covering agent can be animate or inanimate, but typically the purpose of the covering is protection. 2. Bèi 被 is to cover all over, typically in order as to protect from outside impact of cold etc.. The covering agent is typically human. 3. Bì 蔽 (cog. bì4 庇 "protect") is to cover so as to keep from physical or intellectual sight, and this may be said freely of animate and inanimate subjects to whom the covering effect is attributed. 4. Yǎn 掩 / 揜 is an informal word which focusses on the deliberate act by a human, executed with his hand, which is designed to prevent something from being discovered or from getting in touch with other things. 5. Gài 蓋 is to cover with a lid or the like, typically to protect not against damage but against intrusion of external things. See HIDE 6. Méng 蒙 is typically and primarily to make something obscure by some action of hiding or covering it, often with paper or cloth. 7. Jīn 巾 refers to covering something with a cloth. 8. Zhē 遮 is an elevated term referring to covering up something so as to protect it against interference from the outside and to hinder physical access of hostile forces, and this covering may be by humans or by physical effects.
Modern Chinese Criteria
遮蓋 掩蓋 覆蓋 被覆 蓋 覆 蒙 罩 掩 蔽 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • WRAP　COVER on ALL SIDES OFTEN:typically so as to PROTECT. (anc: 10/0, child: 0)
  • SMEAR　COVER the SURFACE of something USING a LIQUID. (anc: 10/0, child: 1)
Hypernym
  • CONCEAL　CAUSE TO BECOME OBSCURE:invisible. (anc: 8/0, child: 3)
  • OBSCURE　DARK so as to be DIFFICULT to SEE, DIFFICULT to UNDERSTAND OR STRANGE to THINK of. (anc: 7/0, child: 4)
  • DARK　COLOUR LACKING BRIGHTNESS. (anc: 6/0, child: 1)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 12.26

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 82

  • 東漢﹣隨常用詞演變研究 ( WANG WEIHUI 2000) p. 225

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 480

    • Words (31 items)

    揜  yǎn OC: qromʔ MC: ʔiɛm
    掩  yǎn OC: qromʔ MC: ʔiɛm
    奄  yǎn OC: qromʔ MC: ʔiɛm 24 Attributions

    Yǎn 掩/揜 is an informal word which focusses on the deliberate act by a human, executed with his hand, which is designed to prevent something from being discovered or from getting in touch with other things.

      Word relations
    • Object: 耳/EAR The current standard word for the ear is ěr 耳.
    • Object: 目/EYE The general word for the eye, including the area around the eye is mù 目(thus when one shāng mù 傷目 what is injured is not necessarily the eyeball itself). (This is a very flexible word which also has verbal uses. For which see SEE.)
    • Object: 形/BODY The general word for the body versus the heart and soul is xíng 形(ant. xīn 心).
    • Synon: 匿/CONCEAL Nì 匿 (ant. zhāng 章/彰 "make a display of") refers to the physical removal of things so as to make them inaccessible to others.

      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)cover up something contextually determinate so as to block it
    • vtoNcover (e.g. ears, so as to make unable to interact with the outside); hide; retrace (their own traces); block up;
    • vtoNto cover with vegetationLZ
    • vtoNimperativecover
    • vtoNpassivebe covered
    覆  fù OC: phuɡ MC: phuk 13 Attributions

    The current general word for any mode of covering something for any purpose or in any way is fù 覆. The covering agent can be animate or inanimate, but typically the purpose of the covering is protection.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 蓋/COVER Gài 蓋 is to cover with a lid or the like, typically to protect not against damage but against intrusion of external things. See HIDE
    • Oppos: 載/SUPPORT

      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nfigurativecover in an abstract generalised sense
    • vtoNcover in order to protect what is covered, or sometimes to hide discreetly
    • vtoNfigurativeobfuscate
    • vtoNfigurativeobfuscate oneself
    • vtoNpassivebe covered
    被  bèi OC: bralʔ MC: biɛ 9 Attributions

    Bèi 被 is to cover all over, typically in order as to protect from outside impact of cold etc.. The covering agent is typically human.

      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nfigurativereach across
    • vtoNfigurativereach all across
    • vtoNpassivebe covered with
    • vtoNstativeto cover all over
    蓋  gài OC: kaabs MC: kɑi 7 Attributions

    Gài 蓋 is to cover with a lid or the like, typically to protect not against damage but against intrusion of external things. See HIDE

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 覆/COVER The current general word for any mode of covering something for any purpose or in any way is fù 覆. The covering agent can be animate or inanimate, but typically the purpose of the covering is protection.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNput the lid on, cover, put a lock on (in order to prevent outside things to get in)
    蔽  bì OC: peds MC: piɛi 7 Attributions

    Bì 蔽 (cog. bì4 庇 "protect") is to cover so as to keep from physical or intellectual sight, and this may be said freely of animate and inanimate subjects to whom the covering effect is attributed. DOUBLE! SORT OUT!

      Syntactic words
    • na cover (for the body etc)
    • vtoNcover (the body with clothes etc); screen (the sun)
    • vtoNfigurativeencompass, cover abstractly
    蒙  méng OC: mooŋ MC: muŋ 6 Attributions

    Méng 蒙 is typically and primarily to make something obscure by some action of hiding or covering it, often with paper or cloth.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto cover; to hide; to conceal
    • vtoNmiddle voicebe covered in N
    • vtoNpassivebe covered with
    巾  jīn OC: krɯn MC: kin 3 Attributions

    Jīn 巾 refers to covering something with a cloth.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNcovered with a curtain
    • vt(oN)cover; keep wrapped in
    • vtoNpassivebe wrapped; be covered; be packed
    擁  yǒng OC: qoŋʔ MC: ʔi̯oŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto cover; to keep covered
    • vtoNmiddle voicebe covered byCH
    遮  zhē OC: klja MC: tɕɣɛ 2 Attributions

    Zhē 遮 is an elevated term referring to covering up something so as to protect it against interference from the outside and to hinder physical access of hostile forces, and this covering may be by humans or by physical effects.

      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)cover the contextually determinate object N
    • vtoNblock from sight by placing an object betweent the viewer and the object
    掩蓋  yǎn gài OC: qromʔ kaabs MC: ʔiɛm kɑi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNcover and protect
    幭  miè OC: meed MC: met 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • ncovering; cover
    弇  yǎn OC: qromʔ MC: ʔiɛm 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • v[adN]passivecovered place
    • vtoNcover
    茅  máo OC: mruu MC: mɣɛu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcover with reeds
    荒  huāng OC: hmaaŋ MC: hɑŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto cover, overgrow (Karlgren)
    覆幬  fù dào OC: phuɡ duus MC: phuk dɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNcover properly
    蒙葺  méng qì OC: mooŋ skhib MC: muŋ tship 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNcover
    冒  mào OC: muuɡs MC: mɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • ncover; covering (for corpses); grave cloth
    帷  wéi OC: ɢrul MC: ɦi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpassivebe screened (from view)
    幕  mù OC: maaɡ MC: mɑk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto cover (with clothes; a curtain,...)
    幠  hū OC: hmaa MC: huo̝ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpassiveto be covered
    幪  méng OC: mooŋ MC: muŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto cover; to wrap
    幬  dào OC: duus MC: dɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcover
    • vtoNpassivebe covered
    衣  yì OC: qɯls MC: ʔɨi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNYIJING: cover, hide
    襲  xí OC: zɯb MC: zip 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNcover
    轖  sè OC: srɯɡ MC: ʂɨk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nleather covering for panelling
    雝  yōng OC: qoŋ MC: ʔi̯oŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto cover
    掩藏  yǎn cáng OC: qromʔ sɡaaŋ MC: ʔiɛm dzɑŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNresultativecover so as to hide
    覆蓋  fù gài OC: phuɡ kaabs MC: phuk kɑi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNcover
    芘庇  bì bì MC: bjijH pjijH OC: bis pis
    庇  bì OC: pis MC: pi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto cover; to shade
    燾  dào OC: duus MC: dɑu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpassivebe covered
    覆上  fù shàng OC: buɡs ɡljaŋʔ MC: bɨu dʑi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)cover the contextually determinate N