Taxonomy of meanings for 贈:
- 贈 zèng (OC: dzɯɯŋs MC: dzəŋ) 昨亘切 去 廣韻：【玩也好也相送也昨亘切二 】
- GIVE
- vt(oN)make a present to a contextually determinate person
- vtt(oN1.)+N2omgive a determinate person N1 (something N2)
- vttoN1:postvtoN2give (a gift) to (a beneficiary)
- vttoN1+.vtoN2formal, SHI 259: present N1 with (a gift N2) 贈之以馬二十乘
- vttoN1[ N2]make presents(N2non-referential, unspecified) to N1CH
- GIVE
Additional information about 贈
說文解字: 【贈】，玩好相送也。从貝、曾聲。 【昨鄧切】
- Criteria
- GIVE
1. The most general word for to give is probably yǔ 與 (ant. qǔ 取 "take away from").
2. Wèi 遺 and wěi 委 refer to any act of giving something to someone in permanence and for keeping.
3. Cì 賜 can refer to an act of charity or to any giving of anything, typically from a person in authority to inferiors.
4. Zèng 贈 refers to formal presents to an inferior from a person in high authority.
5. Yí 貽 is an archaic colourless word for giving something away to someone of one's own volition, and the recipient may be of higher status than oneself.
6. Zhì 致 is to hand over something or to pass something on to someone.
7. Kuì 饋 typicall refers quite specifically to the conferring of a gift of food.
8. Fù 賦 refers to giving something as reward or recompensation to somebody, typically to a person of lower status.
9. Shòu 授 refers to the physical act of handing something over to a recipient.
- RECEIVE
1. The current general word is shòu 受 (ant. jù 拒 "refuse to accept"; ant.* yǔ 與 "give"), which can refer to any concrete or abstract form of receiving or being exposed to.
2. Chéng 承 (ant.* zèng 贈 "present formally") refers to the polite act of receiving something as a gift.
3. Fèng 奉 and bǐng 稟 (ant.* cì 賜 "present formally to inferiors") refers to the polite act of receiving any concrete or abstract thing (including orders and the like) from a superior.
4. Měng 蒙 is to be on the receiving end of a process, and the word hardly ever takes concrete objects.
5. Nà 納 focusses concretely on the receiving something from the outside into some inside.
6. Shōu 收 refers specifically to receiving what is due to one.
- DREAM
1. The current standard word for a dream is mèng 夢.
2. Xiōng mèng 凶夢 refers to a nightmare.
ZHOULI 3 占夢：掌其歲時，觀天地之會，辨陰陽之氣。以日月星辰占六夢之吉凶，一曰正夢，二曰噩夢，三曰思夢，四曰寤夢，五曰喜夢，六曰懼夢。季冬，聘王夢，獻吉夢于王，王拜而受之。乃舍萌于四方，以贈惡夢，遂令始難驅疫。