SECRET 祕密密
VOLUNTARILY:deliberately CONCEALED FROM OTHERS OR from PERSONS OUTSIDE a certain GROUP.
Old Chinese Criteria
2. Yǐn 隱 (ant. xiǎn 顯 "manifestly, demonstratively") refers primarily to hiding something or being hidden from everyone except the person who is hiding it.
3. Yīn 陰 (ant. míng 明 "openly, for everyone to see") refers to covert actions hidden from a certain person group.
4. Tōu 偷 (ant. zhèng 正 "regularly and openly") refers to unreglemented inappropriate secrecy.
5. Sī 私 (ant. gōng 公 "openly") focusses on the aspect of discreetness in secrecy.
6. Jiàn 間 (ant. zhèng 正 "straightforwardly") refers to the secretiveness of secret agents in espionage and the like.
7. Wēi 微 (ant. zhí 直 "straightforwardly") typically refers to secrecy achieved through indirectness or subtlety in the form of communication.
8. Àn 暗 / 闇 (ant. míng 明 "openly, for everyone to see") gains its nuance from the original meaning of darkness and focusses on the shadiness of secretive action.
Modern Chinese Criteria
奧秘 / 奧妙
秘密
機密
絕密
機要
隱秘
神秘
詭秘
地下
潛在
背眼
私房
體己
心腹
曖昧
暗昧
秘
私
密
黑
陰
見不得人
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Old Chinese Contrasts
2. What is not allowed to be known may be kept secret from everyone (); or from a specified group of people (); or from the general public only ().
- Novyj objasnitel'nyj Slovar' Sinonimov Russkogo Jazyka
(
APRESJAN 2004)
p.
1137 - A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages
(
BUCK 1988)
p.
17.36 - Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien
(
DOEDERLEIN 1840)
p.
SECRET
arcanus refers to things that are naturally secret and of which one typically stands in awe, and which should not therefore be openly divulged.
mysterium refers to elevated religious secrets that are not publicly divulged.
secretum is the ordinary general term referring to anything that is deliberately hidden away and made inaccessible to outsiders because of some fear.
SECRET
clam refers to the deliberate act of keeping abstract things hidden, as opposed to public, palam.
occulte is the deliberate act of keeping something hidden from physical view, as opposed to visibly, aperte.
- “荀子”單音節形容詞同義關係研究
(
HUANG XIAODONG 2003)
p.
214 - “荀子”單音節形容詞同義關係研究
(
HUANG XIAODONG 2003)
p.
67 - Lateinische Synonymik
(
MENGE)
p.
314 - 跟我學同義詞
(
CAI SHAOWEI 2010)
p.
16 - 跟我學同義詞
(
CAI SHAOWEI 2010)
p.
20 - 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典
(
HONG CHENGYU 2009)
p.
579
Attributions by syntactic funtion
Attributions by text
- 韓非子 : 42
- 管子 : 18
- 史記 : 16
- 春秋左傳 : 14
- 戰國策 : 7
- 百喻經 : 6
- 祖堂集 : 6
- 說苑 : 5
- 論衡 : 5
- 搜神記 : 3
- 荀子 : 3
- 賢愚經 : 3
- 韓詩外傳 : 3
- 楚辭 : 3
- 文心雕龍十卷 : 2
- 莊子 : 2
- 阮籍集四卷 : 2
- 古列女傳 : 2
- 陸機集十一卷 : 1
- 新序 : 1
- 禮記 : 1
- 尹文子 : 1
- 劉義慶世說新語 : 1
- 尚書 : 1
- 論語 : 1
- 孟子 : 1
- 翻譯名義集 : 1
- 成語大全 : 1
Words
陰 yīn OC: qrɯm MC: ʔim 31 AttributionsWD
Yīn 陰 (ant. míng 明 "openly, for everyone to see") refers to covert actions hidden from a certain person group.
- Word relations
- Ant: 陽/SHOW
- Epithet: 謀/PLOT
- Synon: 暗/SECRET
Àn 暗/闇 (ant. míng 明 "openly, for everyone to see") gains its nuance from the original meaning of darkness and focusses on the shadiness of secretive action. - Synon: 伏/SECRET
- Syntactic words
- nabactsecret methods
- vadNhidden, secret and unknown to a person or group who would be interested to know
- vadVsecretly; in an indirect way; in hidden ways
- viactact secretly without the knowledge of a person who would be interested to know
偷 tōu OC: lʰoo MC: thu 25 AttributionsWD
Tōu 偷 (ant. zhèng 正 "regularly and openly") refers to unreglemented inappropriate secrecy.
- Syntactic words
- vadVfurtively, in an unreglemented and irresponsible secretive way, secretly, unofficially；using underhand methods; in ways that do not tolerate the light of day
- vi(of actions) be secretive, be hidden, be non-public
- viactengage in secretive unreglemented action, engage in fraudulent underhand action
- vtoNdeal secretly and irresponsibly as well as fraudulently with
竊 qiè OC: tsheed MC: tshet 21 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadVfurtively, secretly; surreptitiously; quietly without making an overt show of it
- vtoNcausativecause to be secret> keep secretCH
祕 mì OC: priɡs MC: pi
祕 mì OC: mprigs MC: pi
密 mì OC: mbriɡ MC: mit 15 AttributionsWD
The current general word for something being kept secret from the general public, but it remaining accessible to an inner circle, is mì 密 (ant. míng 明 "openly, for everyone to see").
- Syntactic words
- nabmentaloccasionally secretiveness; strenuously kept secrecy from the general public
- vadNsecret, being strenuously kept secret from all outsiders
- vadVsecretely
- vi.redbe secretive; make secret plans
- vtoNpassivebe kept secret
私 sī OC: sil MC: si 11 AttributionsWD
Sī 私 (ant. gōng 公 "openly") focusses on the aspect of discreetness in secrecy.
- Syntactic words
- vadNnon-public and secret
- vadVin one's own private interest, and secretly; non-publicly and secretly
- vt+prep+Nmake secret/informal contact with (???)
微 wēi OC: mɯl MC: mɨi 10 AttributionsWD
Wēi 微 (ant. zhí 直 "straightforwardly") typically refers to secrecy achieved through indirectness or subtlety in the form of communication.
- Syntactic words
- nabactsecret practices (SHUOWEN)
- vadNhidden subtle
- vadVindirectly, covertly, without being discovered; secretly
- vibe secret, covert > be not easily accessible
潛 qián OC: sɡam MC: dziɛm 9 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Epithet: 行/WALK
The current general word for walking is xíng 行(ant. zhǐ 止 "stay put"). - Assoc: 藏 / 藏臧/CONCEAL
Cáng 藏 (ant. xiàn 見) adds to the notion of hiding that of safe keeping and collecting for use.xxx
- Syntactic words
- vadNhidden, secret
- vadVcovertly> furtively; in a hidden way, non-overtly
- vtt(oN1.)+N2causativekeep the contextually determinate N1 secret from N2
闇 àn OC: qɯɯms MC: ʔəm 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- v[adN]secret and illicit deedsCH
- vadVsecretly
隱 yǐn OC: qɯnʔ MC: ʔɨn 4 AttributionsWD
Yǐn 隱 (ant. xiǎn 顯 "manifestly, demonstratively") refers primarily to being hidden from everyone except the person who is hiding it.
- Syntactic words
- vadNconfidential; secret
- vadVconfidentially, secretly
- vibe hidden
- vtoNcausativecause to be hidden> to obscure, to hide, conceal
幽 yōu OC: qriw MC: ʔi̯u 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nsubjectwhat is hidden or secret; unseen secret places
- vadVsecretly
翳 yì OC: qees MC: ʔei 3 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- narcher's disguise
- vadVsecretly; without anyone knowing about it
- vi.redbe secretive and hiddenCH
- viactbe secretive
間 jiàn OC: kreens MC: kɣɛn
閒 jiàn OC: kreens MC: kɣɛn 2 AttributionsWD
Jiàn 間 (ant. zhèng 正 "straightforwardly") refers to the secretiveness of secret agents in espionage and the like.
- Syntactic words
- vadNsecret
- vadVsecretly; informally
周密 zhōu mì OC: tjɯw mbriɡ MC: tɕɨu mit 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe secretive; be altogether secret
奧 ào 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- nab.post-Nthe mystical secret ofCH
- vadNsecretCH
伏 fú OC: bɯɡ MC: buk 1 AttributionWD
- Word relations
- Synon: 陰/SECRET
Yīn 陰 (ant. míng 明 "openly, for everyone to see") refers to covert actions hidden from a certain person group.
- Syntactic words
- vadNhidden
祕密 mì mì OC: priɡs mbriɡ MC: pi mit 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe strictly secret
祕惜 mì xī OC: mprigs sqaɡ MC: pi siɛk 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPtoNkeep secret
奧區 ào qū MC: -- khju OC: quuɡs khoCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabfigurativesecret recessesCH
竊竊然 qiè qiè rán MC: tshet tshet nyen OC: tsheed tsheed njenCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vi.red:-p::adVunbeknownst to othersCH
周閉 zhōu bì MC: tsyuw pejH OC: tjɯw piidsLZ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPibe secretiveLZ
幽閒 yōu xián MC: -- -- OC: qriw --LZ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNsecluded, secretLZ
秘 mì MC: pijH OC: --DS 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- nadNsecretDS
盜 dào MC: dawH OC: daawsDS 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vadVfurtively; in an unreglemented and irresponsible secretive way; secretly; unofficially (cf. modern 偷偷地）DS
曖昧 ài mèi MC: 'ojH mwojH OC: qɯɯds mɯɯdsCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNabhidden, kept secret; non-obviousCH
暗 àn OC: qɯɯms MC: ʔəm 0 AttributionsWD
Àn 暗/闇 (ant. míng 明 "openly, for everyone to see") gains its nuance from the original meaning of darkness and focusses on the shadiness of secretive action.
- Word relations
- Synon: 陰/SECRET
Yīn 陰 (ant. míng 明 "openly, for everyone to see") refers to covert actions hidden from a certain person group.
- Syntactic words
- vadNsecret (plans)
- vadVsecretly
祕要 mì yào OC: priɡs qews MC: pi ʔiɛu 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabtextsecrets
Existing SW for
Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database:
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