END    結束終

LATE LIMIT of a PERIOD OR REACH the LATE LIMIT of a PERIOD.
CONCLUSIONTERMINATIONENDINGFINISHCLOSERESOLUTIONCLIMAXFINALECULMINATIONDENOUEMENTEPILOGUECODAPERORATION
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The common noun referring to the final stage or final moment in a process is zhōng 終 (ant. shǐ 始 "beginning"). 2. Bì 畢 refers to finishing or discontinuing an action after it has achieved its aim or comes to a natural end. See also COMPLETE which is frustratingly difficult to distinguish in practice from END. 3. Zú 卒 (ant. chū 初 "beginning") typically refers to a definitive and often abrupt end to a process which has lasted some time, but not for all the preceding time. 4. Occasionally jìn 盡 "exhaust" is used to refer to the end of a period.
Modern Chinese Criteria
結束 閉幕 收束 終止 收場 完結 收攤兒 了結 了卻 終了 告終 了手 了局 了事 完畢 完竣 告竣 竣事 竣工 停當 煞尾 收尾 掃尾 終結 為止 截止 終 畢 罷 訖 完 結 收 煞 了 央 闋 一了百了 壽終正寢 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • LAST　END of SEQUENCE in TIME. (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
  • APOCALYPSE　END OF THE WORLD (anc: 7/0, child: 0)
Antonym
  • BEGINENDURINGLY STOP NOT to ACT OR to BE RESEMBLING:as in the PAST.
  • ORIGINALLYAt the MOMENT when something BEGAN.
See also
  • STOPACT so as NOT to CONTINUE NOW:present ACTION.
  • COMPLETEACT out OR PRODUCE something so as to CAUSE it to BECOME WHOLE.
Hypernym
  • LIMIT　MOMENT OR PLACE which DEFINES what is INSIDE AND what is OUTSIDE something. (anc: 5/0, child: 4)
  • MOMENT　POINT of TIME OR INTENSELY SHORT TIME. (anc: 4/0, child: 4)
  • TIME　ABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN. (anc: 3/0, child: 11)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 14.26

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    FINISH

    finire refers to the mere act of ending something, regardless of how far the development that is being finished actually has gone, and the contrast is with incipere.

    terminare is to discontinue something that might have continued, and the contrast is with continuare.

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    FINIS

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 287

  • Handbuch der lateinischen und griechischen Synonymik ( SCHMIDT 1889) p. 85

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 229

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 243

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.122.87

    BOUT.EXTREMITE.FIN

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.382

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 558

  • Logicheskii analiz yazyka ( ARYUTUNOVA 2002) p.

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 59B

    • Words (35 items)

    終  zhōng OC: tjuŋ MC: tɕuŋ 67 Attributions

    The common noun referring to the final stage or final moment in a process is zhōng 終 (ant. shǐ 始 "beginning").

      Word relations
    • Ant: 初/BEGIN Chū 初 (ant. mò 末 "end") is purely chronological and refers to the early stage of something that persists, without indicating any lasting influence of that early stage on later developments. See FIRST
    • Ant: 始/BEGIN The general word for something occurring for the crucial and influential first time or initiating anything, in particular any development, is shǐ 始 (ant. zhōng 終"bring to an end; come to an end" and chéng 成 "bring to a successful end, complete").
    • Synon: 盡/END
    • Synon: 竟/END

      Syntactic words
    • n(post-N)end of NCH
    • nabdimensionthe end; successful conclusion
    • nadSin the endCH
    • nadVtimeto the very end; in the end
    • nadVtimeafter allCS
    • v-p.adVto the very endCH
    • vadNfinal, ultimate
    • vicome to an end, finish; bring things to a close
    • viactspend the rest of one's lifeCH
    • vicolloquialbe finished, have had it
    • vt prep Vend up with V-ingLZ
    • vt+prep+Nend up at (a stage of V-ing)
    • vt[0]oN.postadVuntil the end of N
    • vtoNget to the end of (one's natural lifespan etc); stay to the end of
    • vtoNcausativecause to finish
    • vtoNprocesslast to the end of; stay to the end of
    畢  bì OC: pid MC: pit 30 Attributions

    Bì 畢 refers to finishing or discontinuing an action after it has achieved its aim or comes to a natural end.

      Syntactic words
    • nabeventdiscontinuation; end
    • vichangecome to an end, be finished; be over with
    卒  zú OC: skud MC: tsʷit 17 Attributions

    Zú 卒 (ant. chū 初 "beginning") typically refers to a definitive and often abrupt end to a process which has lasted some time, but not for all the preceding time.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 初/BEGIN Chū 初 (ant. mò 末 "end") is purely chronological and refers to the early stage of something that persists, without indicating any lasting influence of that early stage on later developments. See FIRST
    • Ant: 始/BEGIN The general word for something occurring for the crucial and influential first time or initiating anything, in particular any development, is shǐ 始 (ant. zhōng 終"bring to an end; come to an end" and chéng 成 "bring to a successful end, complete").

      Syntactic words
    • nend
    • vadNfinal
    • vadVfinally; in the endDS
    • vichangeto end, to come to an end ZHUANG 語卒 SHIJI 語未及卒
    • vpostadVresultativefinish VingDS
    • vt+prep+Nend with, end in
    • vt+V[0]stop V-ing
    • vtoNcome to the end of, finish
    了  liǎo OC: reewʔ MC: leu 13 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadNending, final
    • vadVin the end, finally
    • vpostadVto the end
    • vpostS1.adS2temporalThis is a rather grammaticalized usage of 了 marking the temporal anteriority of S1 to S2: after S1, S2
    • vtoNfinish
    末  mò OC: maad MC: mʷɑt 7 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • nadNfinal; latter (ages)
    • npost-Nfinal stage; end (of a period of time)
    盡  jìn OC: dzinʔ MC: dzin 7 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Synon: 終/END The common noun referring to the final stage or final moment in a process is zhōng 終 (ant. shǐ 始 "beginning").

      Syntactic words
    • nthe end
    • vieventbe exhausted so as to come to an end
    訖  qì OC: kɯd MC: kɨt 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vipost-Han???: come to an end
    • vpostS1.adS2having finished V-ing
    • vtoNto finish; use up
    果  guǒ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nadVfinally, effectively in the end; in the last resortCH
    竟  jìng OC: kraŋs MC: kɣaŋ 4 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 極/REACH
    • Synon: 畢/END Bì 畢 refers to finishing or discontinuing an action after it has achieved its aim or comes to a natural end.
    • Synon: 窮/END
    • Synon: 終/END The common noun referring to the final stage or final moment in a process is zhōng 終 (ant. shǐ 始 "beginning").

      Syntactic words
    • nabeventconclusion
    • vichangecome to an end; be concluded
    • vpostadVV to the end, finish V-ing
    • vt(oN)causativebring to an end the contextually determinate matter
    • vtoNconclude (as a performance of music)
    息  xī OC: sqlɯɡ MC: sɨk 3 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Ant: 作/ARISE Zuò 作 (ant.* xiē 歇 "cease to exist, cease to be active, cease to happen") typically refers to something happening or arising for the first time, but the word can also refer to the emergence of persons like sages. [ORIGINAL], [SPECIFIC]

      Syntactic words
    • vichangecome to an end, stop
    窮  qióng OC: ɡʷɯŋ MC: guŋ 3 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • nab(.post-N)the coming to an end> the end of lifeCH
    • vadNfinalCH
    • vicome to an end
    • vtoNcome to the end of
    限  xiàn OC: ɡrɯɯnʔ MC: ɦɣɛn 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNput an end to
    止  zhǐ MC: tsyiX OC: kljɯʔ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vt prep Nend up in, end up withCH
    • vtoNgo no further than N, stop at N-ingCH
    到頭  dào tóu OC: k-laaws doo MC: tɑu du 1 Attribution
    • 唐五代語言詞典 Táng Wǔdài yǔyán cídiǎn A Dictionary of the Language of the Tang and Five Dynasties Periods ( JIANG/CAO 1997) p. 88

      Glossed as (1) 到頂; (BIANWEN) (2) as 終歸，究竟 (Tang poetry)

      Syntactic words
    • NPadVpoint of arrival > in the end, finally, in the final anaysis (BIANWEN, Tang poetry)
    訖已  qì yǐ OC: kɯd k-lɯʔ MC: kɨt jɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPieventcome to an end; finish
    終而  zhōng ér MC: tsyuwng nyi OC: tjuŋ njɯ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVin the endCH
    已乃  yǐ nǎi OC: k-lɯʔ nɯɯʔ MC: jɨ nəi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • PPadVin the end
    亂  luàn OC: ɡ-roons MC: lʷɑn 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Ant: 始/BEGIN The general word for something occurring for the crucial and influential first time or initiating anything, in particular any development, is shǐ 始 (ant. zhōng 終"bring to an end; come to an end" and chéng 成 "bring to a successful end, complete").

      Syntactic words
    • ntextlast stanza in a poem
    傹  jing4 MC: -- OC: -- 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viresultative(= jing4 竟) end, finishLZ
    崇  chóng MC: dzrjuwng  OC: dzruŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vadV= zhong1 終, in the endLZ
    已  yǐ MC: yiX OC: k-lɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vibe finished; come to an endCH
    其致  qí zhì MC: gi trijH OC: ɡɯ k-liɡs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NP-P.adSin the endCH
    歸宿  guī sù MC: kjw+j sjuwk OC: klul suɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt prep Nfigurativeto have one final point at, to rest on a common point atLZ
    歸  guī OC: klul MC: kɨi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nactend up with, end up in
    • vtoNend up with, end up in
    絕  jué MC: -- OC: dzod 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vicome to an endCH
    莫  mò OC: maaɡ MC: mɑk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nadNread mù like 暮 (not in Guangyun): ending, coming to a close
    闋  què OC: khʷiid MC: khet 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vibring to an end; finish (LI)
    央  yāng OC: qaŋ MC: ʔi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vifinish; come to an end
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVin the endCH
    昔  xī OC: sqaɡ MC: siɛk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabtimerare: end (of month)
    暮  mù OC: maaɡs MC: muo̝ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nadNending, coming to an end (sometimes written 莫)
    死  sǐ OC: pliʔ MC: si 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vichange
    休已  xiū yǐ OC: qhu k-lɯʔ MC: hɨu jɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabeventdiscontinuation, end
    究  jiū OC: kus MC: kɨu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nend
    • vadVto the end, until the end
    • vtoNfinish to the end
    結  jié OC: kiid MC: ket 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNbring to an end; end up