FLATTER 拍碼皮諂
PRAISE SUPERIOR, TYPICALLY with the AIM of CAUSING ONESELF to BECOME LOVED by SUPERIORS TO be DELIGHTED.
COMPLIMENTPRAISEEXPRESS ADMIRATION FORSAY NICE THINGS ABOUTFAWN OVERCAJOLEHUMORFLANNELBLARNEYINFORMAL SWEET-TALKSOFT-SOAPBROWN-NOSEBUTTER UPPLAY UP TOSLOBBER OVERFORMAL LAUD
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current word for active flattery is chǎn 諂 and the word refers to all kinds discourse exclusively designed to win favour but also includes ingratiating behaviour of other kinds, as notoriously in LY.
2. Yú 諛 focusses on the use of language in "reactive" sycophancy adapting oneself to perceived desires on the part of a superior, and there seem to be no clear examples of non-linguistic sycophancy described as yú 諛.
3. E! 阿 is vulgar one-sided pandering to the tastes or ideas of superiors in words and also in action, and the word refers also to other forms of partiality and favouritism and is thus more general in application than the other words in the group.
4. Mèi 媚 is sycophancy also in words but particularly in attitude, dress and demeanour.
5. Pián bì 便辟 (ant. zhēng chén 諍臣 "cantankerous or obstreporous minister") is a customary engrained form sycophancy leading to a permanent status of favour with those who are being flattered.
6. Nìng 佞 refers to rhetorically skilful sycophancy, and very often the meanings "rhetorically skilful" and "sycophantic" are hard to distinguish in context.
2. Yú 諛 focusses on the use of language in "reactive" sycophancy adapting oneself to perceived desires on the part of a superior, and there seem to be no clear examples of non-linguistic sycophancy described as yú 諛.
3. E! 阿 is vulgar one-sided pandering to the tastes or ideas of superiors in words and also in action, and the word refers also to other forms of partiality and favouritism and is thus more general in application than the other words in the group.
4. Mèi 媚 is sycophancy also in words but particularly in attitude, dress and demeanour.
5. Pián bì 便辟 (ant. zhēng chén 諍臣 "cantankerous or obstreporous minister") is a customary engrained form sycophancy leading to a permanent status of favour with those who are being flattered.
6. Nìng 佞 refers to rhetorically skilful sycophancy, and very often the meanings "rhetorically skilful" and "sycophantic" are hard to distinguish in context.
Modern Chinese Criteria
諂媚
獻媚
狐媚
側媚
阿諛
諂諛
討好
買好
賣好
取悅
吹捧
捧場
奉承
巴結
逢迎
市惠
阿附
拜塵
拍
捧
諂
阿
諛
佞
媚
獻殷勤
拍馬屁
灌米湯
吹喇叭
抬轎子
吹吹拍拍
戴高帽子
阿諛逢迎
阿諛奉承
阿其所好
投其所好
依阿取容
偷合苟容
先意承旨
曲意逢迎
脅肩諂笑
吮癰舐痔
溜須拍馬
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
獻媚
狐媚
側媚
阿諛
諂諛
討好
買好
賣好
取悅
吹捧
捧場
奉承
巴結
逢迎
市惠
阿附
拜塵
拍
捧
諂
阿
諛
佞
媚
獻殷勤
拍馬屁
灌米湯
吹喇叭
抬轎子
吹吹拍拍
戴高帽子
阿諛逢迎
阿諛奉承
阿其所好
投其所好
依阿取容
偷合苟容
先意承旨
曲意逢迎
脅肩諂笑
吮癰舐痔
溜須拍馬
rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
- De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione
(
COMENIUS 1665)
p.
454 ADULARI
blando gestu at voce gratiam captare. Ubicunqve igitur Adulatio, ibi
1. aliquis placere qvaerens.
2. alicui.
3. blanditijs.
Cuiusmodi blanditiae tribus potissimum modis committuntur......
- Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien
(
DOEDERLEIN 1840)
p.
FLATTER
blandiri is to say what one hopes will be agreeable to one's audience.
adulari is to say what one hopes will be agreeable to one's audience with the added element of self-degradation.
- Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques
(
DUFOUR 1910)
p.
89 - 韓非子同義詞研究
(
HANFEI TONGYI 2004)
p.
194/5 - Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum
(
LANGIUS 1631)
p.
ADULATIO
- Tolkovo-kombinatornyj slovar' sovremmenogo russkogo jazyka. Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian
(
Mel'cuk 1984)
p.
379 kompliment
- Tolkovo-kombinatornyj slovar' sovremmenogo russkogo jazyka. Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian
(
Mel'cuk 1984)
p.
399 lest' "flattery"
- Tolkovo-kombinatornyj slovar' sovremmenogo russkogo jazyka. Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary of Modern Russian
(
Mel'cuk 1984)
p.
412ff - Lateinische Synonymik
(
MENGE)
p.
23 - Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie
(
RITTER 1971-2007)
p.
3.1114 HEUCHELEI
- Handbuch der lateinischen und griechischen Synonymik
(
SCHMIDT 1889)
p.
25 - Theophrast, Charaktere
(
THEOPHRASTUS 1960)
p.
no. 2 - Theophrast, Charaktere
(
THEOPHRASTUS 1960)
p.
no. 5 - 王力古漢語字典
(
WANG LI 2000)
p.
1285 諂，諛
1. WL distinguishes between yu2 諛 "verbal flattery" and cha3n 諂 "flattering behaviour of any kind". The useful third term to introduce would be me4i 媚 which focusses on gesture and attitude, as well as ni4ng 佞 which focusses entirely on skilful and polished rhetorical flattery.
- Divisiones quae vulgo dicuntur Aristoteleae
(
DIVISIONES 1906)
p.
B 43 - Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung
(
FRANKE 1989)
p.
61A
Words
諛 yú OC: lo MC: ji̯o 35 AttributionsWD
Yú 諛 focusses on the use of language in "reactive" sycophancy adapting oneself to perceived desires on the part of a superior, and there seem to be no clear examples of non-linguistic sycophancy described as yú 諛.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 阿/FLATTER
E! 阿is vulgar one-sided pandering to the tastes or ideas of superiors in words and also in action, and the word refers also to other forms of partiality and favouritism and is thus more general in application than the other words in the group.
- Syntactic words
- nabactflattery
- nabspeechflattering speech
- v[adN]flatterer, panderer; toady
- vadNtoadying
- vadVin a flattering manner
- vt[oN]engage in flattery, to toady
- vtoNflatter
諂 chǎn OC: khrlomʔ MC: ʈhiɛm 27 AttributionsWD
The current word for flattery is chǎn 諂 and the word refers to all kinds discourse exclusively designed to win favour but also includes ingratiating behaviour of other kinds, as notoriously in LY.
- Word relations
- Conv: 驕/ARROGANT
The most current general word for arrogance of attitude and in behaviour is probably jiāo 驕 (ant.* bēi 卑 "humble in attitude") which refers to an overbearing exaggerated self-confidence and does not essentially involve a negative attitude towards others. [DISPOSITION], [GENERAL], [IMPERSONAL] - Assoc: 讒/SLANDER
Chán 讒 (ant. zàn 贊 "praise justly") refers to popular slander, sometimes by persons without significant political influence.
- Syntactic words
- nabactsycophancy through words or action
- v[adN]sycophant
- vadNsycophantic
- vt[oN]flatter others> engage in sycophancy through words or action
- vtoNcurry favour with (a superior) through sycophancy
佞 nìng OC: neeŋs MC: neŋ 18 AttributionsWD
Nìng 佞 refers to rhetorically skilful sycophancy, and very often the meanings "rhetorically skilful" and "sycophantic" are hard to distinguish in context.
- Word relations
- Assoc: 巧/CRAFTY
Qiǎo 巧 (ant. zhuó 拙 "inept") is very common and emphasises the element of skill involved.
- Syntactic words
- nabactflattery
- v[adN]flatterer; the psychophantic 四佞
- vadNengaging in flattery, sycophantic 佞人
- vadVthrough rhetorically polished flattery
- viactto engage in flattery
- vtoNingratiate oneself through cleverness of speech; shrewd eloquence; glib rhetoric
諂諛 chǎn yú OC: khrlomʔ lo MC: ʈhiɛm ji̯o 16 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabactflattery, sycophancy
- VP[adN]the flatterers; the sycophants
- VPadNtoadying; sycophancy, boot-licking
- VPiactengage in flattery of all kinds
- VPt(oN)flatter the contextually determinate object
- VPtoNgo on flattering, keep fawning upon
阿 ā OC: qlaal MC: ʔɑ 13 AttributionsWD
E! 阿is vulgar one-sided pandering to the tastes or ideas of superiors in words and also in action, and the word refers also to other forms of partiality and favouritism and is thus more general in application than the other words in the group.
- Word relations
- Object: 貴/NOBLE
Guì 貴 (ant. jiàn 賤 "of low character") adds to the notion of high social status that of subjectively appreciated nobility of character. [HIGH-DEGREE], [PERSONAL], [SUBJECTIVE] - Assoc: 媚/FLATTER
Mèi 媚 is sycophancy also in words but particularly in attitude, dress and demeanour. - Assoc: 諛/FLATTER
Yú 諛 focusses on the use of language in "reactive" sycophancy adapting oneself to perceived desires on the part of a superior, and there seem to be no clear examples of non-linguistic sycophancy described as yú 諛. - Assoc: 順/FLATTER
- Syntactic words
- nabacttoadying; sycophancy; vulgar pandering
- v[adN]nonreferentialflatterer, sycophant
- vadNflattering, toadying; boot-licking; insinuating, servile
- vt[oN]flatter others> indulge in flattery; engage in flattery
- vtoNflatter, pander to (persons, or 意 "ideas") 阿意
- vtoNpsychflatter (oneself)
媚 mèi OC: mrils MC: mi 11 AttributionsWD
Mèi 媚 is sycophancy also in words but particularly in attitude, dress and demeanour.
- Word relations
- Contrast: 稱/PRAISE
Chēng 稱 (ant. bang 謗"speak ill of behind his back") refers to "honourable mentioning" in public contexts and favourable public assessment of someone. - Assoc: 稱/PRAISE
Chēng 稱 (ant. bang 謗"speak ill of behind his back") refers to "honourable mentioning" in public contexts and favourable public assessment of someone. - Assoc: 阿/FLATTER
E! 阿is vulgar one-sided pandering to the tastes or ideas of superiors in words and also in action, and the word refers also to other forms of partiality and favouritism and is thus more general in application than the other words in the group.
- Syntactic words
- nabactsycophancy
- vt+prep+N(manage to) please through an affable appearance, curry favour with; beguile
- vt[oN]engage in flattery of others
- vtoNflatter, curry favour with, ingratiate oneself with 虎...媚養己者; beguile, German bezirzen.
- vttoN1.+prep+N2psychingratiate (oneself) through flattery to N2
便辟 pián bì OC: ben peɡ MC: biɛn piɛk
便嬖 pián bì OC: ben peeɡs MC: biɛn pei 4 AttributionsWD
Pián bì 便辟 (ant. zhēng chén 諍臣 "cantankerous or obstreporous minister") is a customary engrained form sycophancy leading to a permanent status of favour with those who are being flattered.
- Syntactic words
- NPagentflatterer
- VPitransitivebe of the kind prone to flattery, be given to flattery
求容 qiú róng OC: ɡu k-loŋ MC: gɨu ji̯oŋ 4 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VPt+prep+Npander to, seek to please
順 shùn OC: ɢjuns MC: ʑʷin 2 AttributionsWD
- Word relations
- Assoc: 阿/FLATTER
E! 阿is vulgar one-sided pandering to the tastes or ideas of superiors in words and also in action, and the word refers also to other forms of partiality and favouritism and is thus more general in application than the other words in the group.
- Syntactic words
- viactflatter people by conforming to their tastes
- vtoNflatter someone by conforming to his tastes; German: jemandem nach der Nase reden
讒諛 chán yú OC: dzroom lo MC: ɖʐɣɛm ji̯o 2 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- VP[adN]pluralthe toadies, the flatterers
哫 zú OC: tsoɡ MC: tsi̯ok 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNfallter; cajole
戚施 qī shī OC: skhlɯɯwɡ lʰal MC: tshek ɕiɛ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPagentperson who always strikes ingratiating poses, a flatterer ???
蘧除 qú chú OC: rla MC: gi̯ɤ ɖi̯ɤ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPagentcolloquialism: sycophant ???
諂曲 chǎn qū OC: khrlomʔ khoɡ MC: ʈhiɛm khi̯ok 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPabflattery HYDCD: 曲意逢迎。
諂者 chǎn zhě OC: khrlomʔ kljaʔ MC: ʈhiɛm tɕɣɛ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPflatterers
道諛 dào yú OC: ɡ-luuʔ lo MC: dɑu ji̯o 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VP[adN]flatterer
阿意 ā yì OC: qlaal qɯɡs MC: ʔɑ ʔɨ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPiflatter
自嫁於 zì jià yú OC: sblids kraas qa MC: dzi kɣɛ ʔi̯ɤ 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPtoNingratiate oneself to GERMAN: "sich anbiedern"
諂人 chǎn rén MC: -- nyin OC: khrlomʔ njinCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPpluralflatterersCH
道人 dào rén MC: dawX nyin OC: ɡ-luuʔ njinCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- NPsycophantCH
承 chéng MC: dzying OC: ɡjɯŋCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- vt[oN]flatter superiorsCH
讒諂 chán chǎn MC: -- -- OC: dzroom khrlomʔCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNflattering and sycophanticCH
面諛 miàn yú MC: mjienH yu OC: mens loCH 1 AttributionWD
- Syntactic words
- VPadNglib-tongued flatterersCH
憸 xiān OC: sqlom MC: siɛm 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vadNflattering; ingratiating; insincere (SHU)
附 fù OC: bos MC: bi̯o 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNingratiate oneself with, enter into close relations with
Click here to add pinyin MC: OC: CH 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- NPflatterersCH
毗 pí MC: bjij OC: --CH 0 AttributionsWD
- Syntactic words
- vtoNflatter in an exaggerated wayCH
Existing SW for
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