OFTEN  屢次數(shuo4)

At MANY TIMES.
FREQUENTLYMANY TIMESMANY A TIMEON MANY/NUMEROUS OCCASIONSA LOTAS OFTEN AS NOTREPEATEDLYAGAIN AND AGAINTIME AND (TIME) AGAINALL THE TIMEREGULARLYROUTINELYUSUALLYHABITUALLYCOMMONLYGENERALLYIN MANY CASES/INSTANCESORDINARILYOFTENTIMESRECURRENTLYINFORMAL LOTS
Antonym
Hypernym
  • TIMEABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN.
See also
  • ENDURINGBIG in respect of the PERIOD something EXISTS, HAPPENS, OR is being ACTED:done.
    • ALWAYSENDURing USING REPETITION  
      Hyponym
      • NORMAL　OFTEN:frequent AND CONFORMING to PRINCIPLE.
        • TYPICALLY　RARELY NOT
          Old Chinese Criteria
          1. The current general word for high frequency of an event within a certain period of time is shuò 數 " several times in a row" (xī 希 "rarely").

          2. Lu# 屢 "quite a few times" (ant. hǎn 罕 "very seldom") indicates that an event has many precursors similar to it in the past, and the word does not emphasise the high frequency.

          3. Qì 亟 and pín 頻 "very often" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "on and off") are probably more intensitive than shuò 數.

          4. Zòu 驟 "repeatedly, within a short period of time" (ant. shū 疏 "at long intervals") is more temporary in nature.

          5. Cháng 常 (ant. xiǎn 鮮 "quite rarely, in the natural course of events") refers to fequency as a symptom of something being ordinary and only to be expected.

          6. Duō 多 (ant. shǎo 少 "a few times, few times") is a colourless word indicating that something is of generally frequent occurrence.

          Modern Chinese Criteria
          常常

          平常

          尋常

          不時

          時時

          時常

          通常

          經常

          往往

          一再

          再三

          多次

          屢次

          累次

          迭次

          屢屢

          累累

          比比

          頻繁

          頻數

          頻仍

          反復

          屢

          累

          迭

          頻

          數

          亟

          勤

          再三再四

          屢次三番

          三番五次

          一次一次

          翻來覆去

          first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL. 18.11.2003. CH

          Old Chinese Contrasts
          LEIBNIZ 6.4 P. 31 S a e p e non raro.

          • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 14.32

          • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

            OFTEN

            saepe refers to something occurring more than once, several times.

            crebro refers to something occurring often and in quick succession.

            frequenter refers to something occurring quite often and not at all rarely.

          • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 52

          • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 406

          • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 455

          • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.448.404

            SOUVENT.FREQUEMENT

          • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 557/566

          Words

          數  shuò OC: sqrooɡ MC: ʂɣɔk 38 AttributionsWD

          The current general word for high frequency of an event within a certain period of time is shuò 數" several times in a row" (xī 希 "rarely").

            Word relations
          • Assoc: 亟/OFTEN Qì 亟 and pín 頻 "very often" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "on and off") are probably more intensitive than shuò 數.

            Syntactic words
          • vadVnumerous times, frequently; on several occasions; at frequent intervals
          • vt+prep+Nto frequent, to visit often, be a frequent visitor at
          多  duō OC: k-laal MC: tɑ 23 AttributionsWD

          Duō 多 (ant. shǎo 少 "a few times, few times") is a colourless word indicating that something is of generally frequent occurrence.

            Word relations
          • Ant: 希 / 稀/RARE Xī 希/稀 (ant. shuò 數 "repeatedly, many times, several times") refers to relative scarcity or sparseness both in time and in space.
          • Synon: 善/LIKE

            Syntactic words
          • vadNabfrequent
          • vadVin the majority of cases; often; in many cases; mostly; all the time
          • vibe frequent, be the standard case
          善  shàn MC: dzyenX OC: ɡjenʔCH 17 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • vadVby nature frequently; naturally oftenCH
          • vt+prep+Nab{ACT}have a liking for Nab-ing; have a tendency to want to engage in Nab-ingCH
          • vt+V(0)tend to，be prone to； have a tendency to
          屢  lǚ OC: ɡ-ros MC: li̯o 14 AttributionsWD

          Lu# 屢 "quite a few times" (ant. hǎn 罕 "very seldom") indicates that an event has many precursors similar to it in the past, and the word does not emphasise the high frequency.

            Syntactic words
          • vadNfrequent
          • vadVfrequently, many times in the past
          • vtoNcausativemake frequent (good harvest etc)
          時  shí OC: ɡljɯ MC: dʑɨ 12 AttributionsWD

            Word relations
          • Contrast: 常/ENDURING Cháng 常 and the especially emphatic héng 恆 "highly constant and permanent" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "contingency and consequent changeability") emphasise the constancy or constant recurrence of the attributes of what is lasting, and typically - though not always - the constancy is valued positively.

            Syntactic words
          • nadSoften; sometimesDS
          • nadVfrom time to time> sometimes; often; periodically; several times; at regular intervals; all the time
          驟  zhòu OC: sɡrus MC: ɖʐɨu 9 AttributionsWD

          Zòu 驟 "repeatedly, within a short period of time" (ant. shū 疏 "at long intervals") is more temporary in nature.

            Syntactic words
          • vadVrepeatedly
          常  cháng OC: djaŋ MC: dʑi̯ɐŋ 8 AttributionsWD

          Cháng 常 (ant. xiǎn 鮮 "quite rarely, in the natural course of events") refers to regularity as a symptom of something being ordinary and only to be expected. See ENDURING

            Syntactic words
          • vadNrecurrentCH
          • vadVoftenCH
          亟  qì OC: khɯɡs MC: khɨ 6 AttributionsWD

          Qì 亟 and pín 頻 "very often" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "on and off") are probably more intensitive than shuò 數.

            Word relations
          • Assoc: 數/OFTEN The current general word for high frequency of an event within a certain period of time is shuò 數" several times in a row" (xī 希 "rarely").

            Syntactic words
          • vadVwith extreme frequency; often
          再三  zài sān OC: tsɯɯs saam MC: tsəi sɑm 3 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPadVtwo three times > several times, frequently
          • VPpostadVseveral times
          比肩  bǐ jiān OC: piʔ keen MC: pi ken 3 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPadVfrequently, all the time
          • VPibe shoulder to shoulder> be frequent
          往往  wǎng wǎng OC: ɢʷaŋʔ ɢʷaŋʔ MC: ɦi̯ɐŋ ɦi̯ɐŋ 2 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • v.red:adVoften
          慇懃  yīn qín OC: qɯn ɡlɯn MC: ʔɨn gɨn 2 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPadVrepeatedly and insistently
          • VPiactpersist
          比  bǐ OC: piʔ MC: pi 1 AttributionWD

            Word relations
          • Ant: 希 / 稀/RARE Xī 希/稀 (ant. shuò 數 "repeatedly, many times, several times") refers to relative scarcity or sparseness both in time and in space.

            Syntactic words
          • vadVin-a-row> frequently
          頻  pín OC: bin MC: bin 1 AttributionWD

          Qì 亟 and pín 頻 "very often" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "on and off") are probably more intensitive than shuò 數.

            Syntactic words
          • vadVmany times
          • vi.red:adVoften, frequently
          二三  èr sān OC: njis saam MC: ȵi sɑm 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • NPabeventseveral times
          • VPadVseveral times
          平生  píng shēng OC: breŋ sraaŋ MC: bɣaŋ ʂɣaŋ 1 AttributionWD
          • 唐五代語言詞典 Táng Wǔdài yǔyán cídiǎn A Dictionary of the Language of the Tang and Five Dynasties Periods ( JIANG/CAO 1997) p. 283, #2

            Syntactic words
          • VPadVcustomarily, usually, as a habit (Tang poetry)
          不時  bù shí MC: pjut dzyi OC: pɯʔ ɡljɯDS 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • VPitake place oftenDS
          煩  fán MC: bjon OC: banLZ 1 AttributionWD
            Syntactic words
          • vpostadV= fán 繁, frequently, vehementlyLZ
          重  chóng OC: doŋ MC: ɖi̯oŋ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • vadVagain and again> often, repeatedly
          萬萬  wàn wàn OC: mblans mblans MC: mi̯ɐn mi̯ɐn 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • v.red:adVmany, many times
          長  cháng OC: ɡrlaŋ MC: ɖi̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • vadVoften; all the time (used like 常)
          往  wǎng OC: ɢʷaŋʔ MC: ɦi̯ɐŋ 0 AttributionsWD
            Syntactic words
          • vadVreduplicated 往往: from time to time, now and again

          Existing SW for

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