PRINCIPLE    理理

BASIC FEATURE of a DOCTRINE OR A SYSTEM of RULES.
TRUTHPROPOSITIONCONCEPTIDEATHEORYASSUMPTIONFUNDAMENTALESSENTIALGROUND RULE
Old Chinese Criteria
1. Lǐ 理 refers to inherent structuring patterns of things.2. Zé 則 refers to a rule or pattern to be followed.3. Fǎ 法 (often: "model, method, procedure, law" can refer to a man-made rule pattern or rule, never a "law of nature" and rarely a pattern set by nature.4. Zhì 制 refers to a humanly instituted system of principles and rules.5. Yào 要 refers to the single underlying most important principle that governs something.6. Jīng 經 refers to a basic guideline that one might prefer to follow.
Modern Chinese Criteria
道理 理路 事理 理 諦 所以然 大道理 大義 義理 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • COSMIC FORCEnew-cc9626fa-9ca2-4985-9626-fa9ca2298535　FORCE, PRINCIPLE, OR ELEMENT which CONTROLS PERCEIVED PHENOMENA in the WORLD. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • RULE　IMPORTANT PRINCIPLE to which one CONFORMS. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • ETHICS　PRINCIPLES IN-RELATION-TO the JUDGMENT of BEHAVIOUR as MORE OR LESS GOOD OR MORE OR LESS BAD. (anc: 5/0, child: 1)
  • VALUE　INTENSELY IMPORTANT MORAL PRINCIPLE OR ASPIRATION. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
See also
  • METAPHYSICSPHILOSOPHY which SYSTEMATICALLY INVESTIGATES the PRINCIPLES of EXISTENCE.
Hypernym
  • FEATURE　ABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE. (anc: 3/0, child: 19)
  • OBJECT　[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to. (anc: 2/0, child: 6)
  • PRIME　 (anc: 1/0, child: 2)
  • Vocabulaire européen des philosophies. Dictionnaire des intraduisibles ( CASSIN 2004) p. 1022

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    PRINCIPIUM

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 7.1336

    PRINZIP

  • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 227

  • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 26

    • Words (44 items)

    理  lǐ OC: ɡ-rɯʔ MC: lɨ 63 Attributions

    Lǐ 理 refers to inherent structuring patterns of things.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 事/SITUATION Shì 事 focusses on the factual sequence of events that create a shì 勢.
    • Epithet: 天下/WORLD The current term for the inhabited earth is tiān xià 天下 "All under Heaven", the Greek oikoumenē.
    • Contrast: 道/METHOD Dào 道 is a way of being, of functioning, as well as a way of doing things, and this Way may be either exoteric or esoteric.
    • Assoc: 道/PRINCIPLE
    • Assoc: 義/RECTITUDE The most general word is yì 義 "rectitude" which is often used to refer to what is proper and what is one's proper duty in general and also duties in particular.
    • Oppos: 事/THING hì 事 refers to a things as a subject matter, or as an event.
    • Oppos: 欲 / 慾/DESIRE The dominant standard word is yù 欲 (ant. fú 弗 "refused to, would not") which refers to any concrete - and typically temporary - intention or desire of any kind, irrespective how strongly motivated it is. 欲戰 "wants to fight".
    • Oppos: 道/METHOD Dào 道 is a way of being, of functioning, as well as a way of doing things, and this Way may be either exoteric or esoteric.

      Syntactic words
    • nab(.post-N)the principles of a contextually determinate matter N; the principles of thingsCH
    • nab.adVby reason, according to all principles, in the nature of things
    • nabmetaphysicalguiding pattern of things, natural principle(s)
    • nabmetaphysicalproper principle, reasonable principle
    • nabopinionprinciple (upheld by someone)
    • nabpsychologicalprincipled thought; systematic basic reflectionCH
    • nadVin accordance with principled thought; on the basis of principled reflectionCH
    • vibe in accordance with natural principles
    • vtoNcausativecause to be patterned and orderly
    道理  dào lǐ OC: ɡ-luuʔ ɡ-rɯʔ MC: dɑu lɨ 19 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalthe principles of the Way; more general: principle; rationale
    • NPabpsychmere abstract principle without psychological engagement or depth
    人倫  rén lún OC: njin ɡ-run MC: ȵin lʷin 16 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabsocialprinciples underlying human relations and moral behaviour; proper human relations; standards of proper human conduct
    倫  lún OC: ɡ-run MC: lʷin 14 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Relat: 名/NAME The current general word for a name is míng 名 (ant. shí 實 "reality").

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-Ncosmological: governing principle
    • nab.post-V{NUM}socialfundamental human relations; moral standards of social behaviour
    • nabpluralguiding principles of behaviourCH
    • vibe properly principledCH
    經  jīng OC: keeŋ MC: keŋ 13 Attributions

    Jīng 經 refers to a basic guideline that one might prefer to follow.

      Syntactic words
    • nabbasic guiding principleCH
    • nab.post-Nthe warp> underlying principles and rules
    • vibe properly principled; be in accordance with the classics
    機  jī OC: kɯl MC: kɨi 10 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Synon: 要/PRINCIPLE Yào 要 refers to the single underlying most important principle that governs something.

      Syntactic words
    • nabmetaphysicalcrucial point; crucial initiative; decisive mechanism; device
    綱紀  gāng jì OC: kaaŋ kɯʔ MC: kɑŋ kɨ 6 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabnonreferential此其算之綱紀乎 "These, presumably, must be the guidelines/principles of mathematics."(九章，Liu Hui's comm: 1.9) the principles (of something), the main guidelines of society and of governance 
    • VPtoNto provide the main guidelines of society and of governance for NLZ
    分  fèn MC: pjun OC: bɯns 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabbasic principle, fundamental guidelineLZ
    道  dào OC: ɡ-luuʔ MC: dɑu 4 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 理/PRINCIPLE Lǐ 理 refers to inherent structuring patterns of things.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-NN=humanthe principles followed by a person, the ways of a personCH
    • nabmetaphysicalcosmic principle underlying the processes of the universe
    文理  wén lǐ OC: mɯn ɡ-rɯʔ MC: mi̯un lɨ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabdispositiondecorous principle; civilised rationality
    義  yì MC: ngjeH OC: ŋrals 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabmoral principlesCH
    皇極  huáng jí OC: ɡʷaaŋ ɡɯɡ MC: ɦɑŋ gɨk 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabpsychaugust moral correctness; august ideal principles of imperial government
    本主  běn zhǔ MC: pwonX tsyuX OC: pɯɯnʔ tjoʔ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabbasic dominant principleCH
    守  shǒu OC: qhjuʔ MC: ɕɨu 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychwhat one holds onto as principles> self-control; principled steadfastness of moral stance
    • vt[oNab]conform with [one's principles]
    極  jí OC: ɡɯɡ MC: gɨk 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabmoralultimate moral and social principle; high principle
    法  fǎ OC: pab MC: pi̯ɐp 3 Attributions

    Fǎ 法 "law" can refer to a man-made rule pattern or rule, never a "law of nature" and rarely a pattern set by nature.

      Syntactic words
    • nabprincipled bureaucratic and legal principles and procedures; the art of bureaucratic law-based governanceCH
    理義  lǐ yì OC: ɡ-rɯʔ ŋrals MC: lɨ ŋiɛ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabnonreferentialprincipled rectitude; basic principles of all kinds
    順  shùn MC: zywinH OC: ɢjuns 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nprinciple (XUN, dubious, but according to most commentaries = 理)LZ
    於理  yú lǐ OC: qa ɡ-rɯʔ MC: ʔi̯ɤ lɨ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVby reason, by the proper principles of reasoning
    夷  yí MC: yij OC: li 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabbalance of just principlesCH
    彝倫  yí lún OC: li ɡ-run MC: ji lʷin 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalconstant/unvarying cosmic principles
    情  qíng OC: dzeŋ MC: dziɛŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabmetaphysical常情"the lasting underlying real principle": essential reality; underlying real and stable principles 
    所  suǒ OC: sqraʔ MC: ʂi̯ɤ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab[WHAT ONE AIMS FOR>] standpoint
    地理  dì lǐ MC: dijH liX OC: lils ɡ-rɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabbasic patterns/principles of the earthCH
    要  yào OC: qews MC: ʔiɛu 1 Attribution

    Yào 要 refers to the single underlying most important principle that governs something.

      Syntactic words
    • vadVas a matter of principle
    軌  guǐ OC: kʷruʔ MC: ki 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nprinciple; standard; maxim
    綱宗  gāng zōng OC: kaaŋ tsuuŋ MC: kɑŋ tsuo̝ŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabprinciples [GUOYUCIDIAN]
    軌則  guǐ zé OC: kʷruʔ skɯɯɡ MC: ki tsək 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabguideline, priniciple
    經理  jīng lǐ OC: keeŋ ɡ-rɯʔ MC: keŋ lɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalguiding principle, main principle
    渾天  hún tiān MC: hwon then OC: ɡuun lʰiin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPmetaphysicalone of the ancient cosmological theoriesDS
    天理  tiān lǐ OC: lʰiin ɡ-rɯʔ MC: then lɨ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalprinciples of Nature
    • VPibe in accordance with the principles of nature
    端末  duān mò OC: toon maad MC: tʷɑn mʷɑt 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalthe ins and out of something
    大義  dà yì MC: dajH ngjeH OC: daads ŋrals 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabthe crucial principleLZ
    凡  fán MC: bjaem OC: blom 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabgeneral principle(s), overall outline; main pointsCH
    事倫  shì lún OC: dzrɯs ɡ-run MC: ɖʐɨ lʷin 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalthe principles of things
    數  shù MC: srjuH OC: sqros 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • nabnatural order of thingsLZ
    五教  wǔ jiào OC: ŋaaʔ kruus MC: ŋuo̝ kɣɛu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalFive Principles 父義、母慈、兄友、弟恭、子孝五種倫理
    有理  yǒu lǐ MC: hjuwX liX OC: ɢʷɯʔ ɡ-rɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe principled, have a point; be reasonable enoughCH
    事理  shì lǐ MC: dzriH liX OC: dzrɯs ɡ-rɯʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPmetaphysicalbasic principles of thingsLZ
    大倫  dà lún OC: daads ɡ-run MC: dɑi lʷin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalthe main principles of social ethics
    道情  dào qíng OC: ɡ-luuʔ dzeŋ MC: dɑu dziɛŋ 0 Attributions
    • () p. 6373b

      道義，情理

      Syntactic words
    • NPabmetaphysicalprinciple of the Way, true meaning of the Way (Southern Dyn., Tang)
    本  běn OC: pɯɯnʔ MC: puo̝n 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-V{NUM}textbasic principle
    人理  rén lǐ MC: nyin liX OC: njin ɡ-rɯʔ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    維  wéi OC: k-lul MC: ji 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • n(guiding rope>) principle; cardinal rule (GUAN)