OFTEN    屢次數(shuo4)

At MANY TIMES.
FREQUENTLYMANY TIMESMANY A TIMEON MANY/NUMEROUS OCCASIONSA LOTAS OFTEN AS NOTREPEATEDLYAGAIN AND AGAINTIME AND (TIME) AGAINALL THE TIMEREGULARLYROUTINELYUSUALLYHABITUALLYCOMMONLYGENERALLYIN MANY CASES/INSTANCESORDINARILYOFTENTIMESRECURRENTLYINFORMAL LOTS
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for high frequency of an event within a certain period of time is shuò 數 " several times in a row" (xī 希 "rarely"). 2. Lu# 屢 "quite a few times" (ant. hǎn 罕 "very seldom") indicates that an event has many precursors similar to it in the past, and the word does not emphasise the high frequency. 3. Qì 亟 and pín 頻 "very often" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "on and off") are probably more intensitive than shuò 數. 4. Zòu 驟 "repeatedly, within a short period of time" (ant. shū 疏 "at long intervals") is more temporary in nature. 5. Cháng 常 (ant. xiǎn 鮮 "quite rarely, in the natural course of events") refers to fequency as a symptom of something being ordinary and only to be expected. 6. Duō 多 (ant. shǎo 少 "a few times, few times") is a colourless word indicating that something is of generally frequent occurrence.
Modern Chinese Criteria
常常 平常 尋常 不時 時時 時常 通常 經常 往往 一再 再三 多次 屢次 累次 迭次 屢屢 累累 比比 頻繁 頻數 頻仍 反復 屢 累 迭 頻 數 亟 勤 再三再四 屢次三番 三番五次 一次一次 翻來覆去 first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL. 18.11.2003. CH
Hyponym
  • NORMAL　OFTEN:frequent AND CONFORMING to PRINCIPLE. (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
  • TYPICALLY　RARELY NOT (anc: 5/0, child: 0)
Antonym
See also
  • ENDURINGBIG in respect of the PERIOD something EXISTS, HAPPENS, OR is being ACTED:done.
  • ALWAYSENDURing USING REPETITION  
Hypernym
  • TIME　ABSTRACT OBJECT that all EVENTS ARE-IN. (anc: 3/0, child: 11)
  • OBJECT　[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to. (anc: 2/0, child: 6)
  • PRIME　 (anc: 1/0, child: 2)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 14.32

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    OFTEN

    saepe refers to something occurring more than once, several times.

    crebro refers to something occurring often and in quick succession.

    frequenter refers to something occurring quite often and not at all rarely.

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 52

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 406

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 455

  • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.448.404

    SOUVENT.FREQUEMENT

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 557/566

    • Words (22 items)

    數  shuò OC: sqrooɡ MC: ʂɣɔk 38 Attributions

    The current general word for high frequency of an event within a certain period of time is shuò 數" several times in a row" (xī 希 "rarely").

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 亟/OFTEN Qì 亟 and pín 頻 "very often" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "on and off") are probably more intensitive than shuò 數.

      Syntactic words
    • vadVnumerous times, frequently; on several occasions; at frequent intervals
    • vt+prep+Nto frequent, to visit often, be a frequent visitor at
    多  duō OC: k-laal MC: tɑ 23 Attributions

    Duō 多 (ant. shǎo 少 "a few times, few times") is a colourless word indicating that something is of generally frequent occurrence.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 希 / 稀/RARE Xī 希/稀 (ant. shuò 數 "repeatedly, many times, several times") refers to relative scarcity or sparseness both in time and in space.
    • Synon: 善/LIKE

      Syntactic words
    • vadNabfrequent
    • vadVin the majority of cases; often; in many cases; mostly; all the time
    • vibe frequent, be the standard case
    善  shàn MC: dzyenX OC: ɡjenʔ 17 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVby nature frequently; naturally oftenCH
    • vt+prep+Nab{ACT}have a liking for Nab-ing; have a tendency to want to engage in Nab-ingCH
    • vt+V(0)tend to，be prone to； have a tendency to
    屢  lǚ OC: ɡ-ros MC: li̯o 14 Attributions

    Lu# 屢 "quite a few times" (ant. hǎn 罕 "very seldom") indicates that an event has many precursors similar to it in the past, and the word does not emphasise the high frequency.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNfrequent
    • vadVfrequently, many times in the past
    • vtoNcausativemake frequent (good harvest etc)
    時  shí OC: ɡljɯ MC: dʑɨ 13 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Contrast: 常/ENDURING Cháng 常 and the especially emphatic héng 恆 "highly constant and permanent" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "contingency and consequent changeability") emphasise the constancy or constant recurrence of the attributes of what is lasting, and typically - though not always - the constancy is valued positively.

      Syntactic words
    • nadSoften; sometimesDS
    • nadVall the time; whenever appropriate; periodically; several times; at regular intervals
    驟  zhòu OC: sɡrus MC: ɖʐɨu 9 Attributions

    Zòu 驟 "repeatedly, within a short period of time" (ant. shū 疏 "at long intervals") is more temporary in nature.

      Syntactic words
    • vadVrepeatedly
    常  cháng OC: djaŋ MC: dʑi̯ɐŋ 8 Attributions

    Cháng 常 (ant. xiǎn 鮮 "quite rarely, in the natural course of events") refers to regularity as a symptom of something being ordinary and only to be expected. See ENDURING

      Syntactic words
    • vadNrecurrentCH
    • vadVoftenCH
    亟  qì OC: khɯɡs MC: khɨ 6 Attributions

    Qì 亟 and pín 頻 "very often" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "on and off") are probably more intensitive than shuò 數.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 數/OFTEN The current general word for high frequency of an event within a certain period of time is shuò 數" several times in a row" (xī 希 "rarely").

      Syntactic words
    • vadVwith extreme frequency; often
    比肩  bǐ jiān OC: piʔ keen MC: pi ken 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVfrequently, all the time
    • VPibe shoulder to shoulder> be frequent
    再三  zài sān OC: tsɯɯs saam MC: tsəi sɑm 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVtwo three times > several times, frequently
    • VPpostadVseveral times
    慇懃  yīn qín OC: qɯn ɡlɯn MC: ʔɨn gɨn 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVrepeatedly and insistently
    • VPiactpersist
    往往  wǎng wǎng OC: ɢʷaŋʔ ɢʷaŋʔ MC: ɦi̯ɐŋ ɦi̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • v.red:adVoften
    頻  pín OC: bin MC: bin 1 Attribution

    Qì 亟 and pín 頻 "very often" (ant.* ǒu 偶 "on and off") are probably more intensitive than shuò 數.

      Syntactic words
    • vadVmany times
    • vi.red:adVoften, frequently
    二三  èr sān OC: njis saam MC: ȵi sɑm 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabeventseveral times
    • VPadVseveral times
    不時  bù shí MC: pjut dzyi OC: pɯʔ ɡljɯ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPitake place oftenDS
    平生  píng shēng OC: breŋ sraaŋ MC: bɣaŋ ʂɣaŋ 1 Attribution
    • 唐五代語言詞典 Táng Wǔdài yǔyán cídiǎn A Dictionary of the Language of the Tang and Five Dynasties Periods ( JIANG/CAO 1997) p. 283, #2

      Syntactic words
    • VPadVcustomarily, usually, as a habit (Tang poetry)
    比  bǐ OC: piʔ MC: pi 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Ant: 希 / 稀/RARE Xī 希/稀 (ant. shuò 數 "repeatedly, many times, several times") refers to relative scarcity or sparseness both in time and in space.

      Syntactic words
    • vadVin-a-row> frequently
    煩  fán MC: bjon OC: ban 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vpostadV= fán 繁, frequently, vehementlyLZ
    萬萬  wàn wàn OC: mblans mblans MC: mi̯ɐn mi̯ɐn 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • v.red:adVmany, many times
    重  chóng OC: doŋ MC: ɖi̯oŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVagain and again> often, repeatedly
    長  cháng OC: ɡrlaŋ MC: ɖi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVoften; all the time (used like 常)
    往  wǎng OC: ɢʷaŋʔ MC: ɦi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVreduplicated 往往: from time to time, now and again