YIELD  謙讓讓

Be POLITE, USING RITUAL MODERATION AND PERMIT OTHERS to ACT as they DESIRE.
GIVE IN TOGIVE WAY TOSUBMIT TOBOW DOWN TOCOMPLY WITHAGREE TOCONSENT TOGO ALONG WITHGRANTPERMITALLOWINFORMAL CAVE IN TOFORMAL ACCEDE TO
Antonym
  • ARROGANTPROUD AND TENDING to SHOW DESPISE:contempt IN-RELATION-TO OTHERS. 
    • BOASTEXAGGERATE, OR SPEAK of, one's SELF:own GOOD FEATURES OR ACHIEVEMENTS.
      Hypernym
      • POLITEBe APPROPRIATELY RESPECTFUL IN ACTING TOWARDS OTHERS.
        • RESPECTADMIRE as NOBLE AND SERVE POLITELY.
          • ADMIREAPPRECIATE AND DELIGHT in what one BELIEVES is MORE GOOD IN-RELATION-TO either ONESELF OR IN-RELATION-TO what is COMMON.
            • APPRECIATEBELIEVE INTENSELY that something is EXCELLENT, GOOD AND IMPORTANT. ...
      See also
      • RESPECTADMIRE as NOBLE AND SERVE POLITELY.
        Hyponym
        • ABDICATE　YIELD one's HIGH OFFICE as RULER to ANOTHER, CONFORMING to one's OWN DECISION.X
          Old Chinese Criteria
          1. The dominant general word referring to yielding politely to others or giving precedence to them is ràng 讓 (ant. líng 陵 "treat without proper respect").

          2. Qiān 謙 (ant. jiāo 驕 "arrogant in attitude" and ào 傲 "impolite and arrogant in action") refers to the general attitude or disposition towards giving precedence to others.

          3. Cí 辭 (ant. shòu 受 "accept") refers to declining politely an offer that has been made to one.

          4. Xiè 謝 (ant. shòu 受 "accept") refers to informally but politely declining something offered to one in private context.

          5. Shàn 禪 refers specifically to declining the high office of an emperor.

          NB: Lǐ 禮 "treat with proper yielding politeness" is marginal in this group.

          Modern Chinese Criteria
          謙讓

          禮讓

          寬讓

          忍讓

          推讓

          辭讓

          讓

          盡讓

          讓座

          讓位

          讓路

          讓道兒

          rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／

          • 中國文化背景八千詞 Zhongguo wenhua beijing ba qian ci ( WU SANXING 2008) p. 219

          Words

          讓  ràng OC: njaŋs MC: ȵi̯ɐŋ 65 Attributions

          The dominant general word referring to yielding politely to others or giving precedence to them is ràng 讓 (ant. líng 陵 "treat without proper respect").

            Word relations
          • Ant: 奪/TAKE Duó 奪 is to take by force or threat of force.
          • Assoc: 揖/BOW DOWN Yī 揖 is a polite bow with one's hands held against one's chest.
          • Assoc: 禮/POLITE Lǐ 禮 "treat with proper yielding politeness" is marginal in this group.
          • Assoc: 辭/YIELD Cí 辭 (ant. shòu 受 "accept") refers to declining politely an offer that has been made to one.
          • Assoc: 辭/YIELD Cí 辭 (ant. shòu 受 "accept") refers to declining politely an offer that has been made to one.

            Syntactic words
          • nabactpolite deference, polite yielding behaviour
          • nabconceptpolite deferenceLZ
          • viactbe respectful and yielding in action; be deferential; be full of polite respect; yield to others
          • viderivedpoetic: make (aesthetic/literary) concessionsCH
          • vipsychbe polite and yielding by nature
          • vt V(0)yield the V-ing to someoneCH
          • vt+prep+Nyield to, pass on the privilege to; yield precedence to
          • vtoNyield politely to, make room for; give precedence to; resign in favour of [REMOVE THE CASES OF 讓於 IN THIS GROUP OF EXAMPLES TO VTPREP]
          • vtoNpassivebe yielded up (as of profits etc)
          • vtt(oN1.)+N2yield the contextually determinate desirable object N1 to N2
          • vtt(oN1.)+prep+N2omyield the contextually determinate N1 to (a person N2)
          • vtt(oN1.)-vtoN2yield N2 to the contextually determinate N1 讓以天下
          • vtt+prep+N1:post.vtoN2yield N2 to N1
          • vttoN1(.+N2)omyield (something N1) to someone else N2 who is contextually determinate
          • vttoN1.+N2讓位季札 yield (something N1) to (someone else N2), pass on rulership over (something N1 e.g. a state) to (a person N2), abdicate (something N1) in favour of (someone N2)TW
          • vttoN1.+prep+N2讓天下於許由yield (something N1) to (someone else N2), pass on rulership over (something N1 e.g. a state) to (a person N2), abdicate (something N1) in favour of (someone N2)　故讓天下於子
          • vttoN1:postvtoN2yield N2 to N1 以天下讓許由
          揖讓  yī ràng OC: qib njaŋs MC: ʔip ȵi̯ɐŋ 5 Attributions

          bow and yield politely

            Syntactic words
          • NPab{N1=N2}actpolitely deferential yielding as a political act; polite yielding in social contexts
          • VPiactyield politely
          與  yǔ OC: k-laʔ MC: ji̯ɤ
          予  yǔ OC: laʔ MC: ji̯ɤ 4 Attributions
            Syntactic words
          • vtoNhand over to, i.e. hand over power to (someone)
          • vtt(oN1.)+N2GIVE THE REINS OF GOVERNMENT TO> give precedence to???
          讓為  ràng wéi MC: -- hjweH OC: njaŋs ɢʷalCH 4 Attributions
            Syntactic words
          • VPtoNread ràng wèi: yield politely to; show polite deference toCH
          辭  cí OC: zɯ MC: zɨ 3 Attributions

          Cí 辭 (ant. shòu 受 "accept") refers to declining politely an offer that has been made to one.

            Word relations
          • Assoc: 讓/YIELD The dominant general word referring to yielding politely to others or giving precedence to them is ràng 讓 (ant. líng 陵 "treat without proper respect").
          • Assoc: 讓/YIELD The dominant general word referring to yielding politely to others or giving precedence to them is ràng 讓 (ant. líng 陵 "treat without proper respect").

            Syntactic words
          • nabactyielding to others in a polite way
          • vtoNresign (a state, or one's position of Son of Heaven etc)
          謙  qiān OC: khleem MC: khem 1 Attribution

          Qiān 謙(ant. jiāo 驕 "arrogant in attitude" and ào 傲 "impolite and arrogant in action") refers to the general attitude or disposition towards giving precedence to others.

            Word relations
          • Ant: 驕/ARROGANT The most current general word for arrogance of attitude and in behaviour is probably jiāo 驕 (ant.* bēi 卑 "humble in attitude") which refers to an overbearing exaggerated self-confidence and does not essentially involve a negative attitude towards others. [DISPOSITION], [GENERAL], [IMPERSONAL]
          • Synon: 卑/HUMBLE The current general word for objective low social status without any connotation concerning moral worth is bēi 卑 (ant. zūn 尊 "objectively venerable by social standards").

            Syntactic words
          • vadNhumble
          • vi.redbe politely yielding
          • viactbe humble and yielding in one's demeanour, behave with polite humility
          讓以  ràng yǐ MC: -- yiX OC: njaŋs k-lɯʔCH 1 Attribution
            Syntactic words
          • VPtoNbe politely yielding with respect to what one hasCH
          遜  xùn OC: squuns MC: suo̝n
          孫  sūn OC: sluun MC: suo̝n 0 Attributions
            Syntactic words
          • vtoNSHU: decline ~(遜于位)
          謝  xiè OC:  MC: zɣɛ 0 Attributions

          Xiè 謝 (ant. shòu 受 "accept") refers to informally but politely declining something offered to one in private context.

            Syntactic words
          • vtoNdecline, excuse oneself
          絕  jué OC: dzod MC: dziɛt 0 Attributions
            Syntactic words
          • vt+prep+Nsubmit to, bow to, yield to

          Existing SW for

          Here are Syntactic Words already defined in the database: