PERFECT    完美至

COMPLETELY AND INTENSELY EXCELLENT.
ULTIMATEIDEALMODELWITHOUT FAULTFAULTLESSFLAWLESSCONSUMMATEQUINTESSENTIALEXEMPLARYBESTULTIMATECOPYBOOKUNRIVALEDUNEQUALEDMATCHLESSUNPARALLELEDBEYOND COMPAREWITHOUT EQUALSECOND TO NONETOO GOOD TO BE TRUEUTOPIANINCOMPARABLENONPAREILPEERLESSINIMITABLEUNEXCELLEDUNSURPASSEDUNSURPASSABLE
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for ultimate perfection is zhì 至 (ant.* liè 劣 "very inferior"). 2. Jí 極 refers to the attainment of an ultimate point or an ultimate stage. 3. Jué 絕 focusses on the comparative aspect of excelling all others. 4. Yōu 優 (ant. liè 劣 "very inferior") focusses on the comparative aspect of excelling most others. 5. Quán 全 (ant. cán 殘 "seriously deficient") focusses on the complete presence of some conditions of excellence.
Modern Chinese Criteria
健全 精 完善 完備 完美 絕妙 十全 盡善盡美 完美無瑕 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • WHOLE　PERFECT so as to LACK NONE OF ITS PARTS. (anc: 6/0, child: 1)
Antonym
  • DEFECTBAD FEATURE in something GOOD OR LACK of a DESIRED GOOD FEATURE.
See also
  • ACHIEVECOMPLETE a DIFFICULT ACT.
  • COMPLETEACT out OR PRODUCE something so as to CAUSE it to BECOME WHOLE.
Hypernym
  • EXCELLENT　FEATURE BECAUSE of which SOMETHING OR SOMEONE IS OR SHOULD BE PREFERRED to OTHERS (anc: 4/0, child: 11)
  • FEATURE　ABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE. (anc: 3/0, child: 19)
  • OBJECT　[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to. (anc: 2/0, child: 6)
  • Novyj objasnitel'nyj Slovar' Sinonimov Russkogo Jazyka ( APRESJAN 2004) p. 1083

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    PERFECTIO

  • Woerterbuch der Philosophie. Neue Beitraege zu einer Kritik der Sprache ( MAUTHNER WP 1924) p. III.372

  • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 11.1115

    VOLLKOMMENHEIT

  • Key Concepts in Chinese Philosophy ( ZHANG DAINIAN 2002) p. 179

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 405

  • The Encyclopedia of Philosophy ( BORCHERT 2005) p.

    PERFECTION

  • Ästhetische Grundbegriffe ( BARCK 2010) p. 6.367

    • Words (22 items)

    至  zhì OC: kljiɡs MC: tɕi 72 Attributions

    The current general word for ultimate perfection is zhì 至 (ant.* liè 劣 "very inferior").

      Word relations
    • Epithet: 言/SPEAK Yán 言 is to speak up, propose, typically in public, and on one's own initiative, to maintain something, and the word can indroduce direct speech as well as occasionally very limited indirect speech.

      Syntactic words
    • nabmetaphysicalthe ultimate point; the perfect state
    • nabsubj=nonhumanthe ultimate point, the extreme manifestation
    • plurthose who reach perfection, people who reach perfection
    • vadNsupreme, perfect, consummate
    • vadNmathematical termCHEMLA 2003:
    • vadNsuperlativebest, superlative; most perfectCH
    • vadVextremely, perfectly, ultimately (well-governed etc), consummately
    • vadVsupremelyCH
    • vadV.adNperfectly 至治之國
    • vibe perfect; ultimate; truly perfect
    • vichangereach perfection
    全  quán OC: sɡon MC: dziɛn 35 Attributions

    Quán 全 (ant. cán 殘 "seriously deficient") focusses on the complete presence of some conditions of excellence.

      Syntactic words
    • nab.post-Nstativeperfection, completeness, wholeness; perfect success
    • vadNcompletely well-developed
    • vadVperfectly, utterly
    • vibe perfectly present; be comprehensively developed; be in perfect shape
    • vt+prep+Nbe wholly and perfectly devoted to being (a minister)
    • vtoNcausativecause to be completely perfect, cause to be completely impeccable, develop to complete perfection
    • vtoNpsychperfect (oneself)
    • vtoNputativeconsider something as being perfect; understand that something is perfectDS
    無上  wú shàng OC: ma ɡljaŋs MC: mi̯o dʑi̯ɐŋ
    无上  wú shàng OC: ma ɡljaŋs MC: mi̯o dʑi̯ɐŋ 16 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNfigurativeBUDDH: unsurpassed > supreme [SK]
    極  jí OC: ɡɯɡ MC: gɨk 10 Attributions

    Jí 極 refers to the attainment of an ultimate point or an ultimate stage.

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeaturepoint of highest perfectionCH
    • vadNextremely accomplished, ultimate
    • vadV.adNperfectly, consummately
    • viachieve ultimate perfection
    • vtoNcausativecause to be perfect; to perfect
    • vttoN1 prep N2bring N1 to perfection in N2CH
    綦  qí MC: gi OC: ɡɯ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nabpoint of perfectionLZ
    • nadN(= jí 極, common in XUN) perfectLZ
    最上  zuì shàng OC: skoods ɡljaŋs MC: tsɑi dʑi̯ɐŋ 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNsupreme
    無比  wú bǐ OC: ma piʔ MC: mi̯o pi 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe unmatched
    • VPpostadVbeyond compare, in an unequalled way
    六度  liù dù OC: ɡ-ruɡ ɡ-laaɡs MC: luk duo̝ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactBUDDH: the Six Perfections of a Bodhisattva (六波羅蜜); SANSKRIT pāramitā
    無雙  wú shuāng OC: ma srooŋ MC: mi̯o ʂɣɔŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe unequalled
    • VPpostadVto an unequalled degree
    究竟  jiū jìng OC: kus kraŋs MC: kɨu kɣaŋ 2 Attributions
    • 佛經詞語匯釋 Fójīng cíyǔ huìshì The Translation of the Vocabulary of Buddhist Sūtras ( LI WEIQI 2004) p. 179-183

      Syntactic words
    • NPabthe ultimate, perfection, ultimate state, state of perfection
    • VPadNultimate, perfected (BUDDH. translations)
    • VPadVcompletely, utterly
    • VPtoNcausativecause to be perfect > perfect, bring to perfection, bring to completion (BUDDH. translations)
    圓  yuán OC: ɢon MC: ɦiɛn 2 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 明/CLEAR The most general standard and clearly dominant word for things that are easily accessible to the intellect and to the senses is míng 明 (ant. hūn 昏 "unclear").

      Syntactic words
    • vadNcircle-like > perfect
    • viround like a circle :> perfect
    圓滿  yuán mǎn OC: ɢon mboonʔ MC: ɦiɛn mʷɑn 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPadNperfect
    • VPiactachieve perfection
    周密  zhōu mì MC: tsyuw mit OC: tjɯw mbriɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPithoroughLZ
    若波羅蜜多  rě bō luó mì mì OC: njaʔ paal b-raal mbiɡ k-laal MC: ȵɣɛ pʷɑ lɑ mit tɑ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactBUDDH: perfection of wisdom (of a Bodhisattva); SANSKRIT prajñāpāramitā
    不思議  bù sī yì OC: pɯʔ snɯ ŋrals MC: pi̯ut sɨ ŋiɛ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPadVunimaginably perfectly
    • VPibe unimaginably perfect
    到  dào OC: k-laaws MC: tɑu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vihave reached to perfect stage
    全盡  quán jìn MC: dzjwen dzinX OC: sɡon dzinʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)causativemake the contextually determinate N perfectly developedLZ
    幾  jī MC: kj+j OC: kɯl 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viexhaustive, perfect (XUN and ZHUANG, of knowledge)LZ
    蓋世  gài shì OC: kaabs lʰebs MC: kɑi ɕiɛi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPibe recognised as perfect throughout the world
    優  yōu OC: qu MC: ʔɨu 0 Attributions

    Yōu 優 (ant. liè 劣 "very inferior") focusses on the comparative aspect of excelling most others.

      Syntactic words
    • nabfeatureexcellence in comparison with others
    六波羅蜜  liù bō luó mì OC: ɡ-ruɡ paal b-raal mbiɡ MC: luk pʷɑ lɑ mit 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabbuddhistBUDDH: the Six Perfections of a Bodhisattva (another current term is liùdù 六度; for rather unconvential descrptions of the Six Perfections see sources, LANKA, QIXINLUN, JINGANG SANMEI JING, SIYIJING); SANSKRIT pāramitā
    絕  jué OC: dzod MC: dziɛt 0 Attributions

    Jué 絕 focusses on the comparative aspect of excelling all others.

      Syntactic words
    • vadNof outstanding quality
    • vadVperfectly 絕美 "be of perfect beauty".