LOOK    看視

TRY to SEE.
GLANCE ATGAZE ATSTARE ATGAPE ATPEER ATPEEP ATPEEKTAKE A LOOK ATWATCHOBSERVEVIEWREGARDEXAMINEINSPECTEYESCANSCRUTINIZESURVEYSTUDYCONTEMPLATECONSIDERTAKE INOGLEINFORMAL TAKE A GANDER ATRUBBERNECKGOGGLEGIVE SOMEONE/SOMETHING A/THE ONCE-OVERGET A LOAD OFEYEBALL
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current word for looking at something close in general is shì 視, but the word can also occasionally refer specifically to looking down rather than up. (See also SEE.) 2. Wàng 望 (and the much rarer tiào 眺 / 覜 and zhān 瞻 ) refer to looking at something from a distance (often with connotations of admiration), and the connoted direction is always upwards. 3. Pàn 盼 refers to looking around with the expectation of finding something. 4. Jiān 監 refers to looking at something so as to ascertain something about it or on the basis of it. 5. Gù 顧 adds to the notion of looking at something the turning of one's head, or one's attention, from something to what is being looked at. Juàn 眷 is intensitive for gù 顧. 6. Dǔ 睹 / 者 plus 見 on-right adds to the notion of looking at something the connotation of intense pleasure and typically the hope of establishing personal or erotic contract with the person one looks at by looking at her. 7. Dì 睇 and lài 睞 are rare words referring to a flirtatious quick glance. 8. Nì 睨 and miǎn 眄 refers to looking at someone sidewise as a show of demonstrative disrespect. 9. Yáng 仰 (ant. fǔ 俯 "look down") refers to throwing one's head back and look up. See LOOK UP
Modern Chinese Criteria
看 觀看 顧 觀賞 望 瞧 注視 凝視 凝眸 凝望 凝睇 矚望 注目 矚目 目送 定睛 逼視 盯 瞄 不錯眼 睽睽 眈眈 目不轉睛 面面相覷 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • BLINK　LOOK so as to SHUT AND OPEN one's EYES, OFTEN INVOLUNTARILY. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • LOOK UP　LOOK UPWARDS. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • READ　LOOK at AND UNDERSTAND a DOCUMENT. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • STARE　LOOK ENDURINGLY IN ONE DIRECTION (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • PEEP　LOOK AND HOPE that one is NOT SEEN LOOKING. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • LOOK DOWN　LOOK DOWNWARDS. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • SURVEY　LOOK at so as to INVESTIGATE MANY THINGS. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • SQUINT　LOOK, one's TWO EYES LOOKING into DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • OBSERVE　LOOK at so as to INVESTIGATE. (anc: 14/0, child: 1)
  • LOOK BACK　LOOK TOWARDS BEHIND SELF. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • LOOK TO SIDE　LOOK TOWARDS ONE'S SELF>OWN SIDE. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • LOOK SIDEWAYS　LOOK TOWARDS SIDE NOT MOVING ONE'S HEAD. (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
  • GAZE　LOOK WITH FEELING AND WITH APPRECIATION OF ANOTHER PERSON (anc: 14/0, child: 0)
Antonym
  • DISREGARDDECIDE to DISCARD from one's THOUGHT.
See also
  • SEEPERCEIVE USING the EYES.
Hypernym
  • TRY　ACT, BUT DOUBT WHETHER one WILL be SUCCESSFUL ACTING. (anc: 12/0, child: 9)
  • ACT　MOVE OR NOT MOVE CONFORMING to one's SELF:own DECIDE:decision. (anc: 11/0, child: 24)
  • MOVE　CHANGE PLACE OR SITUATION. (anc: 10/0, child: 21)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 15.52

  • De differentiis ( DIFFERENTIAE I) p. 246

    VIDERE ASPICERE INTUERI

    581. Ex Frontone, in quo tamen pro aspicere et aspicimus, rectius est spectare et spectamus, nam aspicere ex improviso, idem auctor docet.

    ]

    581. Inter Videre, aspicere, et intueri. Videmus natura, aspicimus voluntate, intuemur cura.

  • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 134

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 37

  • “孟子”同義詞研究 ( MENGZI TONGYI 2002) p. 307

  • 東漢﹣隨常用詞演變研究 ( WANG WEIHUI 2000) p. 118

  • 王力古漢語字典 ( WANG LI 2000) p. 779

  • Using Chinese Synonyms ( GRACE ZHANG 2010) p. 246

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 150

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 383

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.343

  • 古漢語常用詞同義詞詞典 ( HONG CHENGYU 2009) p. 302/5

    • Words (55 items)

    視  shì OC: ɡljils MC: dʑi 62 Attributions

    The current word for looking at something close in general is shì 視, but the word can also occasionally refer specifically to looking down rather than up. (See also SEE.)

      Word relations
    • Inconsist: 盲/BLIND The standard word referring to blindness came to be máng 盲 (ant. míng 明 "endowed with clear sight"), but the word can also refer specifically to colour-blindness in pre-Han times.
    • Contrast: 見/SEE The clearly dominant word is jiàn 見 (ant. méng 矇 "unable to see") which refers to any act of successful visual perception.

      Syntactic words
    • nabobject: what the subject has looked at, sightCH
    • nabway of looking at thingsCH
    • nabactclear vision; looking at things; the (concentrated) regard; eyesight
    • vihave one's eyes wide open (after death)
    • vt(oN)omlook at a contextually determinate N
    • vt[oN]look hard; look at things; be on the look-out
    • vt[oN]look aheadCH
    • vtoNlook at; look out for
    • vtoNfigurative(of a person) focus on; pay attention to, look upon; regard abstractly
    • vtoNfigurativelook upon oneself (intellectually)
    • vtoNPab{S}to watch, how Sn
    望  wàng OC: maŋs MC: mi̯ɐŋ
    望  (wáng) OC: maŋ MC: mi̯ɐŋ 32 Attributions

    Wàng 望 (and the much rarer tiào 眺/覜 and zhān 瞻) refer to looking at something from a distance (often with connotations of admiration), and the connoted direction is always upwards.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 眺/LOOK Wàng 望 (and the much rarer tiào 眺/覜 and zhān 瞻) refer to looking at something from a distance (often with connotations of admiration), and the connoted direction is always upwards.

      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)look at the contextually determinate distant object
    • vt[oN]look into the distance 四望 "look around in all directions"
    • vtoNlook out for; look at (admiringly) from afar; look to (for guidance); look into the distance (as from a tower etc); see from a distance; look around; look into distance in expectation of somebody's arrival
    • vtoN.adVlook in the direction of > in the direction of
    • vtoNresultativelook out for in the distance and catch sight of successfullyCH
    顧  gù OC: klaas MC: kuo̝ 22 Attributions

    Gù 顧 adds to the notion of looking at something the turning of one's head, or one's attention, from something to what is being looked at. Juàn 眷 is intensitive for gù 顧.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 睨/LOOK SIDEWAYS Nì 睨 and miǎn 眄 refers to looking at someone sidewise as a show of demonstrative disrespect.

      Syntactic words
    • vadVturn one's head to VCH
    • vt prep Nturn back on and look atCH
    • vt(oN)turn one's head look at the contextually determinate NDS
    • vt[oN.]-V[0]turn to N in order to VCH
    • vt[oN]turn one's head to look, look in a new direction
    • vtoNturn one's head to look at
    • vtoNreflexive.自look at oneself
    看  kàn OC: khaans MC: khɑn 10 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vpostadVfor all to look at, for all to see
    • vt(oN)look at the contextually determinate N
    • vtoNlook carefully at; look at
    瞻  zhān OC: kljam MC: tɕiɛm 6 Attributions

    Wàng 望 (and the much rarer tiào 眺/覜 and zhān 瞻) refer to looking at something from a distance (often with connotations of admiration), and the connoted direction is always upwards.

      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]look up; look into the distance
    • vtoNlook at with respect/admiration
    • vtoNimperativelook at!
    臨  lín OC: b-rɯm MC: lim 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook down in the direction of, overlook
    鑑  jiàn OC: kraams MC: kɣam 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viactlook at one's own image in a mirroring object
    • vt+prep+Nlook at one's image in
    鑒  jiàn OC: kraams MC: kɣam 3 Attributions

      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nlook at something for instruction, look at something in order to learn from it; take one's lessons from
    • vtoNlook at in order to learn from
    觀望  guān wàng OC: koon maŋs MC: kʷɑn mi̯ɐŋ 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPobjectwhat one looks at to appreciate, a view
    • VPt(oN)observe and enjoy the sight of contextually determinate things
    對  duì OC: k-luubs MC: tuo̝i 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadVfigurativeaddressing somebody and V > facing somebody and V > V vis-a-vis, V facing each other
    • vtoNfigurativeat address somebody > to face somebody, to be vis-a-vis somebody
    顧望  gù wàng OC: klaas maŋs MC: kuo̝ mi̯ɐŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPiactlook around
    監  jiān OC: kraam MC: kɣam 2 Attributions

    Jiān 監 refers to looking at something so as to ascertain something about it or on the basis of it.

      Syntactic words
    • vt+prep+Nsurvey so as to take inspiration from
    • vtoNlook over, look at so as to investigate, look at so as to find out about something
    睹  dǔ OC: k-laaʔ MC: tuo̝
    睹  dǔ OC: k-laaʔ MC: tuo̝ 2 Attributions

    Dǔ 睹/者plus見on-right adds to the notion of looking at something the connotation of intense pleasure and typically the hope of establishing personal or erotic contract with the person one looks at by looking at her.

      Word relations

      Syntactic words
    • vt(oN)figurativelook at so as to examine (past behaviour etc)
    • vtoNlook at
    • vtoNfondlylook at; look at fondly, German liebaeugeln
    顧視  gù shì OC: klaas ɡljilʔ MC: kuo̝ dʑi 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)turn one's head and look at (with contextually determinate N) > pay attention to
    • VPtoNturn one's head and look at NDS
    胥  xū OC: sqa MC: si̯ɤ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNSHI: to examine; look for something; searc for something
    寓目  yù mù OC: ŋos muɡ MC: ŋi̯o muk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNlook on
    闚  kuī MC: khjwie OC: khʷe 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook into (mirror etc)CH
    擊目  jī mù OC: keeɡ muɡ MC: kek muk 1 Attribution
    • () p. 3762c

      earlies example citet from WUDENG

      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)omstrike the eye > look at, glance at, give somebody a glance (Song)
    對視  duì shì OC: k-luubs ɡljilʔ MC: tuo̝i dʑi 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)facing, look at > look at
    臨視  lín shì MC: lim dzyijH OC: b-rɯm ɡljils 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNcome close to have a lookDS
    偶視  ǒu shì MC: nguwX dzyijH OC: ŋooʔ ɡljils 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt[oN]to look at the other one when meeting each otherLZ
    目指  mù zhǐ MC: mjuwk tsyijX OC: muɡ kjiʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabactindicative glance, message given by means of a significant glanceCH
    游目  yóu mù MC: yuw mjuwk OC: lu muɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPilook around admirably DS
    眼看  yǎn kàn OC: ŋɡrɯɯnʔ khaans MC: ŋɣɛn khɑn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)look on the contextually determinate situation
    披看  pī kàn OC: phral khaans MC: phiɛ khɑn 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)look at closely
    • VPtoNlook at closely
    邈然  miǎo rán MC: maewk nyen OC: mreewɡ njen 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • viactlook into the distance without focus (the mind being preoccupied with reflection elsewhere)CH
    目  mù OC: muɡ MC: muk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto eye, to look at with special attention or intention, or to make signs with the eyes
    眇  miǎo OC: mewʔ MC: miɛu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vito squint because of strabismus or near-sightedness
    眷  juàn OC: krons MC: kiɛn 1 Attribution

    Gù 顧 adds to the notion of looking at something the turning of one's head, or one's attention, from something to what is being looked at. Juàn 眷 is intensitive for gù 顧.

      Syntactic words
    • vt[oN]look around intensely
    睊  juàn OC: kʷleens MC: ken 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vi.red:adVlooking askance
    睎  xī MC: xj+j OC: qhlɯl 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNpassivebe looked at (as a visual guide for desired straightness in carpenting etc)CH
    督  dū OC: k-luuɡ MC: tuok 1 Attribution

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 見/SEE The clearly dominant word is jiàn 見 (ant. méng 矇 "unable to see") which refers to any act of successful visual perception.
    • Synon: 見/SEE The clearly dominant word is jiàn 見 (ant. méng 矇 "unable to see") which refers to any act of successful visual perception.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook at with great interest
    瞰  kàn OC: khlaams MC: khɑm 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNstrain one's eyes to look far into the distance
    俯仰  fǔ yǎng MC: pjuX ngjangX OC: poʔ ŋaŋʔ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfigurativelooking down or looking up> literary: dwelling on what is being said versus looking forward towards what is going to be said, inward concentration versus foward-looking perspectiveCH
    覜  tiào OC: kh-leews MC: theu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook at from afar (variant character of 眺)
    覕瞥  miè piē OC: mbiiɡ pheed MC: met phet 0 Attributions

    piēpiē

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNto glance briefly at, run one's eyes over
    觀睹  guān dǔ OC: koon k-laaʔ MC: kʷɑn tuo̝ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPt(oN)look at the contextually determinate person
    青睞  qīng lài OC: tsheeŋ rɯɯs MC: tsheŋ ləi 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPMING TALES: flirtatious look
    伺  sì OC: sqlɯs MC: sɨ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNobserve as the opportunity arises
    佔  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook, observe (Li)
    張  zhāng OC: krlaŋ MC: ʈi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viactSHUIHUZHUAN: strain to see/look (compare 張望)
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook into (mirror etc)CH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook into (mirror etc)CH
      Click here to add pinyin MC:  OC: 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPabfigurativelooking down or looking up> literary: dwelling on what is being said versus looking forward towards what is going to be said, inward concentration versus foward-looking perspectiveCH
    睊睊  juàn juàn OC: kʷleens kʷleens MC: ken ken 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    睥睨  pì nì OC: phees ŋees MC: phei ŋei 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • VPtoNlook at disdainfully (out of the corner of one's eye without facing a person properly)
    盷  xuán OC: ɡʷliin MC: ɦen 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viactto move eye
    盼  pàn OC: phrɯɯns MC: phɣɛn 0 Attributions

    Pàn 盼 refers to looking around with the expectation of finding something.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook around
    看  kān OC: khaan MC: khɑn 0 Attributions

    to be deleted DELENDUM

      Syntactic words
    • viactlook out
    • vtoN
    眺  tiào OC: kh-leews MC: theu 0 Attributions

    Wàng 望 (and the much rarer tiào 眺/覜 and zhān 瞻) refer to looking at something from a distance (often with connotations of admiration), and the connoted direction is always upwards.

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 望 / 望/LOOK Wàng 望 (and the much rarer tiào 眺/覜 and zhān 瞻) refer to looking at something from a distance (often with connotations of admiration), and the connoted direction is always upwards.

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook at from a distance
    睄  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions

    shào

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNtake a glance at; peer into
    瞀  mào OC: mooɡs MC: mu 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viactavert the eyes
    矍  jué OC: kʷaɡ MC: ki̯ɐk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vtoNlook anxiously in all directions
    矙  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 0 Attributions

    kàn

      Syntactic words
    • vtoNwatch
    矚  zhǔ OC: tjoɡ MC: tɕi̯ok 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • viactgaze around, look around
    • vtoNgaze at, fix one's vision at