Additional information about 擢
說文解字: 【擢】,引也。从手、翟聲。 【直角切】 〔小徐本此字次於「披」字之後。〕
- Criteria
- BANISH
[BASIC/MARGINAL]
[CURRENT/RARE]
[DRAMATIC/UNDRAMATIC]
[GENERAL/SPECIFIC]
[LASTING/TEMPORARY]
1. The main general word is fàng 放 (ant. huán 還 "reinstate as a citizen and inhabitant of a country"), which refers to any official act of removing a person from his permanent abode for a certain time, or in perpetuity.
[LASTING], [OFFICIAL]
2. Chū 出 refers abstractly to the act of causing someone to leave a territory.
[GENERAL], [MARGINAL]
3. Zhú 逐 refers informally and more dramatically to the action of driving away someone not necessarily on the basis of an official or legal decision.
[DRAMATIC]
4. Qū 軀 is a dramatic term for the removal of a person or animal from one's presence.
[DRAMATIC+], [MARGINAL]; [[RARE]]
5. Chù 黜, biǎn 貶 and zhé 謫 "banish from office (and remove to lower office)" (ant. zhuó 擢 "appoint to a higher position") are perhaps marginal in this group, but these common bureaucratic term describing the demotion of a person from his position and often his banishment from the court. See DEMOTE.
[OFFICIAL]
- PROMOTE
1. The specific general term for bureaucratic promotion is the not very common zhuó 擢 (ant. chù 黜 "demote").
2. The most current general-use words for raising the status of someone are jǔ 舉 (ant. jiàng 降 "lower the rank of") and jìn 進 (ant. tuì 退 "demote").
3. Bá 拔 (ant. miǎn 免 "dismiss without necessarily removing from the hierarchy altogether") and qiān 遷 (ant. chū 出 "remove and transfer to a lower position") are standard bureaucratic terms for promotion in office.
4. Chāo 超 refers specifically to raising someone by more than one level at the time, and this bureaucratic term became current in Han times.
- PULL
1. The general current word for pulling anything in any direction is yǐn 引, and the word is also used in figurative senses.
2. Yì 曳 refers to dragging something behind one.
3. Qiān 牽 refers to pulling and leading something in a desired direction.
4. Chōu 抽 and yú 揄 refer to pulling something outward from an inside, typically in order to use it or in order to take and have it.
5. Zhuó 擢 is to pull something up and out of its base.