STUDENT 學生
ADULT who is TEACH:taught PERSONALLY by a TEACHER OR who is STUDYING.
Old Chinese Criteria
黄金貴:古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
Modern Chinese Criteria
Schueler:
DISCIPULI
ELEVE.DISCIPLE.ECOLIER
Words (39 items)
弟子 dì zǐ OC: liilʔ sklɯʔ MC: dei tsɨ 115 Attributions
Dì zǐ 弟子 refers rather intimately to disciples of a master as the object of his affection.3
- Word relations
- Assoc: 門徒/STUDENT
- Synon: 門徒/STUDENT
- Oppos: 師/TEACHER
The current general word for a (revered) teacher of one's choice is shī 師. - Oppos: 先生/TEACHER
- Oppos: 大人/HERO
- Syntactic words
- NP(post-N)=Nprdisciple Npr
- NP(post-N)definitean (identifiabe) disciple, the disciple
- NP(post-N)pluralthe disciples of the contextually determinate N
- NP[post-N]your disciple
- NPc.post-V{NUM}students
- NPnonreferentiala disciple, disciples; followers, devoted adherents
- NPpluraldefinite: the attending disciplesCH
- NPpost-Npra disciple of N; a true disciple of N
- NP{PRED}be a disciple
徒 tú OC: daa MC: duo̝ 19 Attributions
The current general word for a disciple of any kind, or a follower of a school or any line of thought, is tú 徒.
- Word relations
- Contrast: 黨/FRIEND
Dǎng 黨 refers to group of péng 朋pursuing a common aim, and the word is normally derogatory in meaning.
- Syntactic words
- nindefinitediscpiles, adherents
- npost-Nagentfollower, adherent (of a private person, wise person, perhaps a powerful person out of formal position); addicted person (to wine)
門人 mén rén OC: mɯɯn njin MC: muo̝n ȵin 18 Attributions
Mén rén 門人 stresses the physical abode near a master.
- Syntactic words
- NPan acolyte; an adherent, a follower
- NP(post-N)acolyte(s) or followers of the contextually determinate N
- NP=Nprtitlethe acolyte, follower Npr
- NPpost-Npluralacolytes, followers, adherents
- NP{PRED}.post-Nbe an acolyte, a follower, of NCH
眷屬 juàn shǔ OC: krons djoɡ MC: kiɛn dʑi̯ok 8 Attributions
- 佛經詞語匯釋 Fójīng cíyǔ huìshì The Translation of the Vocabulary of Buddhist Sūtras
(
LI WEIQI 2004)
p.
192 - 大正新修大藏經 Taishō shinshū daizōkyō Revised Edition of the Buddhist Canon in the Taishō Era
(
T.)
p.
3/154: 71c14 - 大正新修大藏經 Taishō shinshū daizōkyō Revised Edition of the Buddhist Canon in the Taishō Era
(
T.)
p.
3/184: 461a19 - 大正新修大藏經 Taishō shinshū daizōkyō Revised Edition of the Buddhist Canon in the Taishō Era
(
T.)
p.
3/186: 483c21,23 於是世尊名旦與諸菩薩及諸聲聞眷屬圍繞
- 大正新修大藏經 Taishō shinshū daizōkyō Revised Edition of the Buddhist Canon in the Taishō Era
(
T.)
p.
3/189: 622b19 - 大正新修大藏經 Taishō shinshū daizōkyō Revised Edition of the Buddhist Canon in the Taishō Era
(
T.)
p.
4/201: 299b21 兄弟眷屬千人
- Syntactic words
- NPdefiniteBUDDH: disciple
- NPpluralBUDDH: family members > disciples of the Buddha, assembly of monks/nuns
子 zǐ OC: sklɯʔ MC: tsɨ 7 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- n[post-N][my] disciple(s) (of a sage); the students [of Confucius]
玄徒 xuán tú OC: ɡʷeen daa MC: ɦen duo̝ 6 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPBUDDH: disciple of the mysterious > follower of Buddhism, Buddhist monk; Buddhist disciple
門徒 mén tú OC: mɯɯn daa MC: muo̝n duo̝ 6 Attributions
- Word relations
- Assoc: 弟子/STUDENT
Dì zǐ 弟子 refers rather intimately to disciples of a master as the object of his affection.3 - Synon: 弟子/STUDENT
Dì zǐ 弟子 refers rather intimately to disciples of a master as the object of his affection.3
- Syntactic words
- NPpluraldisciples
- NPsingulardisciple
聲聞 shēng wén OC: qjeŋ mɯn MC: ɕiɛŋ mi̯un 5 Attributions
- An Introduction to Buddhism
(
TAKASAKI 1987)
p.
241 "The 'listener' (sSraavaka, she1ngwe2n 聲聞) seeks only to become himself a saint, giving no thought to the salvation of others (namely, the laity), and the self-enlightened one too treads only his own path. Accordingly, these two modes of being, both considered to represent the pursuit of personal welfare only, were referred to collectively as the Hiinayaana or known alternatively as the 'two vehicles' (yaana-dvaya. e4rshe4ng 二乘).
- Syntactic words
- NPadNBUDDH: of a disciple of the Buddha, follower of the Small Vehicle
- VP[adN]BUDDH: listen to the sound > those who listened to the sermons of the Buddha > disciple of the Buddha (in Mahāyāna Buddhism usually deratory for followers of the Hīnayāna, the 'Small Vehicle'); skr. śrāvaka
學者 xué zhě OC: ɡruuɡ kljaʔ MC: ɦɣɔk tɕɣɛ 5 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NP(post-N)nonreferentialthe serious students of the contextually determinate NCH
- NPpluralstudents (of Buddhisms); acolytes
學人 xué rén OC: ɡruuɡ njin MC: ɦɣɔk ȵin 5 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPpluralstudents
檀越 tán yuè OC: daan ɢʷad MC: dɑn ɦi̯ɐt 5 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPBUDDH: layman, lay-Buddhist, supporter of the Buddhist teaching; skr. dānapati
- NPpost-NBuddhist disciple in charge of N
小子 xiǎo zǐ OC: smewʔ sklɯʔ MC: siɛu tsɨ 4 Attributions
Xiǎo zǐ 小子 is an affectionate term often used in the vocative.
- Syntactic words
- NP=Npryour student Npr
- NP[post-N]my dear students, my little ones
- NP{vadN}vocativelittle ones, disciples
左右 zuǒ yòu OC: skaalʔ ɢʷɯʔ MC: tsɑ ɦɨu 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPplurBUDDH: ?? those to the left and right of the master > disciples
屬 shǔ OC: djoɡ MC: dʑi̯ok 3 Attributions
Shǔ 屬 is a cold general word referring to someone who belongs to a certain group and under a certain leadership.
- Syntactic words
- v[adN]one who serves under someone> adherents; underlings
優婆塞 yōu pó sāi OC: qu baal sɯɯɡ MC: ʔɨu bʷɑ sək 3 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPbuddhistBUDDH: male lay followers of the way of the Buddha
下 xià OC: ɢraaʔ MC: ɦɣɛ 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- v[adN]those below (the master) > disciple
學 xué MC: haewk OC: ɡruuɡ 2 Attributions
- Word relations
- Conv: 師/TEACHER
The current general word for a (revered) teacher of one's choice is shī 師.
- Syntactic words
- nstudent; apprenticeCH
優婆夷 yōu pó yí OC: qu baal li MC: ʔɨu bʷɑ ji 2 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPbuddhistBUDDH: a female follower of the way of the Buddha
資 zī OC: sti MC: tsi 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- none with talent > disciple
四部眾 sì bù zhòng OC: plids bɯʔ tjuŋs MC: si buo̝ tɕuŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPthe four groups of Buddhist disciples (also called 四輩,四輩弟子)
門生 mén shēng MC: mwon sraeng OC: mɯɯn sraaŋ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPindefinitea student; a pupilDS
門弟子 mén dì zǐ OC: mɯɯn liilʔ sklɯʔ MC: muo̝n dei tsɨ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPpluraldisciples
師徒 shī tú OC: sril daa MC: ʂi duo̝ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPdisciples
學道之人 xué dào zhī rén OC: ɡruuɡ ɡ-luuʔ kljɯ njin MC: ɦɣɔk dɑu tɕɨ ȵin 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPpluralstudents
子 zǐ MC: tsiX OC: sklɯʔ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- npost-N(N's) disciple, the person who is under N's chargeCH
宦 huàn MC: hwaenH OC: ɢʷraans 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- nacolyte, studentCH
晚 wǎn OC: monʔ MC: mi̯ɐn 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- n(later-born) disciple
徒屬 tú shǔ OC: daa djoɡ MC: duo̝ dʑi̯ok 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPpluraldisciples; adherents
從屬 cóng shǔ OC: dzoŋ djoɡ MC: dzi̯oŋ dʑi̯ok 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPadherents of any kind
學徒 xué tú OC: ɡruuɡ daa MC: ɦɣɔk duo̝ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPpluraldisciples, students
門子 mén zǐ OC: mɯɯn sklɯʔ MC: muo̝n tsɨ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPpluralfollowers
腳下 jiǎo xià OC: kaɡ ɢraaʔ MC: ki̯ɐk ɦɣɛ 1 Attribution
- Syntactic words
- NPpost-N[those below the feet of N>] the disciples
雲集眾 yún jí zhòng OC: ɢun sɡub tjuŋs MC: ɦi̯un dzip tɕuŋ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPbuddhistBUDDH: assembly which gathers like a cloud > the non-permanent assembly of listeners of the Buddhist teaching; as contrasted to the resident disciples of the Buddha who continuously listen to his teachings (chángsuízhòng 常隨眾), members of the non-permanent assembly do not live together with there teaching (usually leading a regular secular life) and only gather if there is an opportunity to listen to the dharma
子 zǐ MC: tsiX OC: sklɯʔ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- npost-N(N's) disciple, the person who is under N's chargeCH
弟 dì OC: liilʔ MC: dei 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- n[post-N][my] student(s)
常隨眾 cháng suí zhòng OC: djaŋ sɢlol tjuŋs MC: dʑi̯ɐŋ ziɛ tɕuŋ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPbuddhistBUDDH: the permanently following assembly > this refers to the disciples of Buddha or a Buddhist teacher who permanently are in the presence of their teacher (i.e. the direct disciples of the Buddha, as opposed to lay disciples who on gather on certain occasions in order to listen to the dharma; compare 雲集眾)
學僮 xué tóng OC: ɡruuɡ dooŋ MC: ɦɣɔk duŋ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPstudent
徒弟 tú dì OC: daa liilʔ MC: duo̝ dei 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- NPpluraldisciples
生 shēng OC: sraaŋ MC: ʂɣaŋ 0 Attributions
- Syntactic words
- nstudent (examples late)