NARROW    狹窄狹

SMALL in the MORE SMALL DIMENSION.
SMALLTAPEREDTAPERINGNARROWING
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current general word for narrowness is xiá 狹 (ant. kuān 寬 "broad") which refers quite generally to the small size of any opening. 2. Ài 隘 typically, but not always, connotes difficult military access. 3. Lòu 陋 (ant.* kuò 闊 "in grand style") refers only indirectly to narrowness of a street as an indication of its undistinguished character. The word focusses on this undistinguished character and is quite marginal in this group.
Modern Chinese Criteria
狹隘 狹窄 窄小 狹小 窄 狹 小 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Antonym
  • BROADBIG in the MORE SMALL HORIZONTAL DIRECTION:dimension.
Hypernym
  • SMALL　LACK BIGNESS IN-RELATION-TO a STANDARD, OR IN-RELATION-TO the SIZE of a HUMAN. (anc: 7/0, child: 8)
  • LACK　SITUATION OF NOT HAVING, OR NOT to BEING-IN the UNIVERSE. (anc: 6/0, child: 48)
  • SITUATION　RELATION in which MANY HUMANS, FEATURES OR THINGS EXIST TOGETHER OR INTERACT. (anc: 5/0, child: 11)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 12.62

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    NARROW

    angustus refers to anything narrowly bounded.

    arctus refers to something that is bounded and enclosed by fences, walls or the like.

  • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 343

  • “荀子”單音節形容詞同義關係研究 ( HUANG XIAODONG 2003) p. 74

  • "三國志"同義詞及其歷史演變 ( WANG TONGWEI 2010) p. 482-495

  • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 421

    • Words (9 items)

    狹  xiá OC: ɡreeb MC: ɦɣɛp 7 Attributions

    The current general word for narrowness is xiá 狹 (ant. kuān 寬 "broad") which refers quite generally to the small size of any opening.

      Word relations
    • Ant: 寬/BROAD Kuān 寬 (ant. zhǎi 窄 "narrow") is recorded as meaning "broad" in SHUOWEN and is so used in HOUHANSHU, but the word was predominantly used in metaphorical senses like "broad-minded, forgiving, not strict", and related to huì 惠 "generous".
    • Ant: 廣/BROAD The standard general word is guǎng 廣 (ant. xiá 狹 "narrow") referring to anything of get spatial extension, also in various metaphorical senses.
    • Epithet: 廬/HUT The general word for a hut is lú 廬.

      Syntactic words
    • nabpsychsimple narrowness of perspective
    • vadNaffording little space, narrrow and small
    • vibe narrow, not wide and broad
    • vifigurativenarrowLZ
    • vigradedbe narrower than
    隘  ài OC: qreeɡs MC: ʔɣɛ 3 Attributions

    Ài 隘 typically, but not always, connotes difficult military access.

      Syntactic words
    • nabfigurativenarrow restrictions, narrow limitationsCH
    • v[adN]narrow passage; narrow pass
    • vadNvery narrow (mostly of roads)
    • vibe very narrow (mostly of roads)
    漏  lòu MC: luwH OC: roos 3 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • vadN= lou4 陋: small and shabbyLZ
    褊  biǎn OC: penʔ MC: piɛn 2 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Assoc: 淺/SHALLOW
    • Assoc: 小/SMALL The dominant quite general word is xiǎo 小 (ant. dà 大 "big"), and this word refers to both physical size and abstract importance.

      Syntactic words
    • vibe narrow and small
    • vtoNstativebe narrow with respect to
    陋  lòu OC: roos MC: lu 2 Attributions

    Lòu 陋 (ant.* kuò 闊 "in grand style") refers only indirectly to narrowness e.g. of a street as an indication of its undistinguished character. The word focusses on this undistinguished character and is quite marginal in this group.

      Syntactic words
    • vadN(of streets) narrow, small
    • vi(of streets) be narrow, small
    • vifigurativenarrow and vulgar
    狹隘  xiá ài MC: heap 'eaH OC: ɡreeb qreeɡs 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VPifigurativenarrow-mindedLZ
    容膝  róng xī MC: yowng sit OC: k-loŋ -- 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • VP[adN]metaphoricala narrow place where one can hardly find place for one's knees > a very small roomDS
    隅曲  yú qū MC: ngju khjowk OC: ŋo khoɡ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPnarrow area (as opposed to the larger world)CH
    窄  zhǎi OC: tsraaɡ MC: ʈʂɣɛk 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • vimostly post-Han??: be narrow, tight