LANCE    戈矛戈

LONG SHARP WEAPON USED FOR THROWING AGAINST the ENEMY.
SPEARPIKEJAVELINHARPOON
Old Chinese Criteria
huang
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 WARFARE 8. 矛屬兵器。 矛，用於刺殺的長兵器通稱。 [ 矛＋肖 ] ，長矛。 ?? ，短矛。 鏦, 小矛。 鋋，鐵柄小矛。 鎩，裝有長刃的矛。 錟，大矛。 WARFARE 9. 戟屬兵器。戈，用以橫擊和鉤殺，勾割或啄刺敵人。 戟，將直刺的矛和橫刃的戈合成一體。匽，有小孑刺之戟。 戣，頭部呈十字形之戟。 ?? ，三面有刃之戟。
Modern Chinese Criteria
矛 長矛 鎩 鈹 短矛 槍 長槍 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hypernym
  • WEAPON　TOOL USED FOR ATTACK OR DEFENSE IN WARFARE. (anc: 6/0, child: 9)
  • TOOL　ARTEFACT PRODUCED FOR USE USING a DEFINED METHOD. (anc: 5/0, child: 53)
  • ARTEFACT　THING PRODUCED by MAN. (anc: 4/0, child: 26)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 20.26

  • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

    LANCE

    missile is the most general word for a weapon used in fighting at a distance, to spears and arrows and the like.

    hasta is a genuinely Roman weaping for thrusting and hurling.

    lancea is a non-Roman weapon for thrusting and hurling.

    jaculum the most general word for any weapon that one throws, and the word also includes weapons used in hunting.

    verulum and tragulum refer specifically to military weapons for hurling.

    pilum refers specifically to the peculiar weapon for hurling used by the Roman legion.

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 1966) p. 216

    Hellearde:

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 755

    Hellebarde:

  • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 804

    Spiess:

  • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 161

  • 漢代無知文化資料圖說 ( SUN JI) p. 32

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no. 52

  • Handbook of Greek Synonymes, from the French of M. Alex. Pillon, Librarian of the Bibliothèque Royale , at Paris, and one of the editors of the new edition of Plaché's Dictionnaire Grec-Français, edited, with notes, by the Rev. Thomas Kerchever Arnold, M.A. Rector of Lyndon, and late fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge ( PILLON 1850) p. no.186

  • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. NO. 52

  • A New Dictionary of Classical Greek Synonyms ( T.W.HARBSMEIER 2004) p. NO.188

    • Words (14 items)

    戈  gē OC: kool MC: kʷɑ 23 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Object: 援/TAKE
    • Assoc: 劍/SWORD Jiàn 劍refers to the weapon with two edges which can be worn on a belt. Sword became common in China relatively late; although short bronze swords were widely used in northeastern China from Shang till early Chunqiu period, there are only few pieces known from the graves of the Western Zhou and Chunqiu aristocracy. In the middle and late Chunqiu period bronze swords came to be wider used particularly in the southern states of Wu, Yue, and Chu; the earliest textual evidence I have found for the word also dates from this period (MOZI and inscriptions on the swords of Wu and Yue). In Warring States times sword became usual weapon. Iron swords for the first time appeared in the late Chunqiu period and by the early Han completely replaced bronze pieces. Note that in Han times both aristocrats and officials worn swords like symbols of their status.

      Syntactic words
    • nlance with a knife or axe at the top, battle axe with one edge, dagger-axe
    戟  jǐ OC: kaɡ MC: kɣaŋ 11 Attributions

      Word relations
    • Object: 持/HOLD The most current general and neutral word for holding something in any way concrete or abstract is chí 持 (ant. shī 失 "lose hold of").
    • Assoc: 劍/SWORD Jiàn 劍refers to the weapon with two edges which can be worn on a belt. Sword became common in China relatively late; although short bronze swords were widely used in northeastern China from Shang till early Chunqiu period, there are only few pieces known from the graves of the Western Zhou and Chunqiu aristocracy. In the middle and late Chunqiu period bronze swords came to be wider used particularly in the southern states of Wu, Yue, and Chu; the earliest textual evidence I have found for the word also dates from this period (MOZI and inscriptions on the swords of Wu and Yue). In Warring States times sword became usual weapon. Iron swords for the first time appeared in the late Chunqiu period and by the early Han completely replaced bronze pieces. Note that in Han times both aristocrats and officials worn swords like symbols of their status.

      Syntactic words
    • nhalberd; battle axe with two edges
    • vimiddle voiceget exposed to the halberd
    矛  máo OC: mu MC: mɨu 8 Attributions
    • Verzeichnis und Motivindex der Han-Darstellungen ( FINSTERBUSCH 2000) p. 772

      mao (Waffe):

      Syntactic words
    • nspear, lance
    鈹  pī OC: phral MC: phiɛ 5 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • na lance with cutting edges at both ends
    • nadVby means of a lance sharp at both endsCH
    殳  shū OC: djo MC: dʑi̯o 4 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nofficial baton or lance, a ritual weapon
    寢戈  qǐn gē OC: skhimʔ kool MC: tshim kʷɑ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPbodyguard ge-lance
    矛戟  máo jǐ MC: mjuw  OC: mu kaɡ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPplurallances and halberds of all kindsCH
    槽  cáo MC: dzaw OC: dzuu 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nwooden lanceCH
    戈矛  gē máo MC: kwa mjuw OC: kool mu 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPlances and halberds of all kindsLZ
    鎞  bī OC: pii MC: pei 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nlancet, plowshare
    鎩  shā OC: sreed MC: ʂɣɛt 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nHN: a lance with pointed cutting edges at both sides, with "ears"
    槊  shuò OC: sqrooɡ MC: ʂɣɔk 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • npost-Han: long spear, lance (used while riding on horse-back)�
    槍  qiāng OC: skhaŋ MC: tshi̯ɐŋ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • nspear
    瞿  qú OC: ɡʷa MC: gi̯o 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • na kind of lance