PARENT    老人家

RELATIVE who has ENGENDERED OR BIRTH:given birth to a CHILD.
MOTHERFATHERBIRTH/BIOLOGICAL PARENTPROGENITORADOPTIVE PARENTFOSTER-PARENTSTEP-PARENTGUARDIANLITERARY BEGETTER
Old Chinese Criteria
1. The current word for parents is qīn 親, and the word is always used to refer to both parents (a rare case of dualis), so that the father or mother separately are not referred to as a qīn 親.
黄金貴：古漢語同義詞辨釋詞典
HUANG JINGUI 2006 HUMAN AFFAIRS 5. 親，父母。 嚴君，對父母的尊稱。 大人，本指尊貴者，引申為對父親或母親的尊稱。
Modern Chinese Criteria
老人家 父母 rough draft to BEGIN TO identify synonym group members for analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH ／
Hyponym
  • FATHER　MALE PARENT. (anc: 9/0, child: 1)
  • MOTHER　FEMALE PARENT. (anc: 9/0, child: 1)
Hypernym
  • RELATIVES　HUMANS who HAVE COMMON ANCESTORS. (anc: 7/0, child: 6)
  • HUMAN　ANIMAL which HAS TWO LEGS AND LACKS FEATHERS. (anc: 6/0, child: 31)
  • ANIMAL　CREATURE ABLE to FEEL AND MOVE. (anc: 5/0, child: 12)
  • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 2.37

  • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

    PARENTES

  • 論衡同義詞研究 ( LUNHENG TONGYI 2004) p. 22

  • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 71B

    • Words (10 items)

    父母  fù mǔ OC: baʔ mɯʔ MC: bi̯o mu 43 Attributions

    Fù mǔ 父母 refers to parents.

      Word relations
    • Object: 事/SERVE The current general word for serving another is shì 事 (ant. shǐ 使 "deploy").
    • Epithet: 慈/LOVE Cí 慈 (ant. rěn 忍 "callous, unfeeling") is primarily the intimate emotional concern of mothers/parents for their children, and by extension such concern of a fatherly ruler for his people. [EMOTIONAL], [PRACTICAL]
    • Epithet: 民/PEOPLE The dominant current general word for the people is mín 民 (ant. jūn 君 "ruler"), and this term refers to the people particularly insofar as they are ruled by a ruler or belong to a state.

      Syntactic words
    • NP(post-N)parents of the contextually determinate NDS
    • NP[post-N]reflexiveone's father and mother
    • NPadNparents'; by parents; of parentsDS
    • NPpost-Ndefinitethe contextually determinate parents (of a certain person)
    • NPpost-Nfigurative"parents">originator 萬物父母
    • NP{N1&N2}indefinitefather and mother; parents
    • NP{N1&N2}nonreferential民父母 "father and mother" of the people
    • NP{PRED}.post-Nbe the father and mother of N; be the originator of NCH
    親  qīn OC: tshiŋ MC: tshin 40 Attributions

    The current word for parents is qīn 親, and the word is always used to refer to both parents (a rare case of dualis), so that the father or mother separately are not referred to as a qīn 親.

      Word relations
    • Object: 養/REAR Yǎng 養 refers primarily to the caring for and nourishing of one's parents, children or other humans one feels caring sympathy for and is only occasionally used for non-humans, although it does apply to plants like mulberry trees that need much care.

      Syntactic words
    • n(post-N)dualisparents of the contextually determinate NDS
    • n[post-N]one's own parents, one's parents
    • nadVlike one's parents, in the way one's parents doLZ
    • ndualisparents: father and mother
    • nreference=mother onlyparent (reference to mother)
    • ntpost-NN's parentsDS
    • vtoNattitudinaltreat as one's parents
    所生  suǒ shēng OC: sqraʔ sraaŋ MC: ʂi̯ɤ ʂɣaŋ 2 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPparents, in this sense used in Shījing1
    • NPadNN who has given birth > biological (mother) (in contrast to a fostermother or stepmother)
    爺孃  yé niáng OC: la naŋ MC: jɣɛ ɳi̯ɐŋ 1 Attribution
      Syntactic words
    • NPfather and mother, parents
    二親  èr qīn OC: njis tshiŋ MC: ȵi tshin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NP(post-N)one's parents
    先人  xiān rén OC: sɯɯn njin MC: sen ȵin 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • NPpluralparents (LUNHENG)
    波波摩摩  bō bō mó mó OC: paal paal maal maal MC: pʷɑ pʷɑ mʷɑ mʷɑ 0 Attributions
    • 佛本行集經 Fóběn xíngjí jīng Abhiniṣkramaṇa sūtra ? Taishō ( FOBEN XINGJI JING) p. 862b3,8-9,16,17

    • 佛經詞語匯釋 Fójīng cíyǔ huìshì The Translation of the Vocabulary of Buddhist Sūtras ( LI WEIQI 2004) p. 24

      Syntactic words
    • NPchildren's language: father and mother (BUDDH. translations) FOBEN XINGJI JING, T.3/190: 863b8-9: 爾時彼處跋陀羅女，於女伴邊，出力挻身，即便得脫。走向自家，白己父母，作如是言： “ 波波摩摩，願莫將我與於除人。何以故？我今不用人作夫主，我心中欲修行梵行。 ”
    公姥  gōng mǔ OC: klooŋ maaʔ MC: kuŋ muo̝ 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • n(post-N)rear position
    • NP[post-N]your parents
    先  xiān OC: sɯɯn MC: sen 0 Attributions
      Syntactic words
    • npluralparents (dualis!) LUNHENG
    考妣  kǎo bǐ OC: khuuʔ piʔ MC: khɑu pi 0 Attributions

    Kǎo bǐ 考妣 refers to a dead parents.

      Syntactic words