LAZY  懶惰惰

NATURAL TENDENCY to REFUSE to make EFFORTS.
IDLEINDOLENTSLOTHFULWORK-SHYSHIFTLESSINACTIVESLUGGISHLETHARGICREMISSNEGLIGENTSLACKLAXLACKADAISICAL
Antonym
  • DILIGENTEAGER to ACHIEVE one's TASK USING APPROPRIATE EFFORT.
    Hypernym
    • TENDENCYFEATURE CAUSING a HUMAN, ANIMAL OR THING to ACT in a DEFINED way IN-SO-FAR-AS it is NOT PREVENTED by MORE STRONG CAUSES than this FEATURE.
      • FEATUREABSTRACT OBJECT a THING is SAID to BE OR to HAVE.
        • OBJECT[NO HYPERNYM.] WHAT one CAN NAME:refer to.
    See also
    • TIREDDISTRESSED BECAUSE of NEAR:recent PAST INTENSIVE EFFORT.
      Old Chinese Criteria
      1. The general word for a failure to make any kind of effort required of one is duò 惰 (ant. qín 勤 "eager to work"), and this word describes a general psychological condition of a person.

      2. Dài 怠 (ant. jìng 敬 "be respectfully dedicated to one's duties") refers to a customary failure to perform one's official duties with the appropriate seriousness of effort.

      3. Xiè 懈 (ant. jí 急 "be eager with respect to") refers to a an unwillingness to put in a necessary effort at a certain point of time in spite of the fact that one may not be congenitally or hopelessly prone to laziness.

      Modern Chinese Criteria
      懶惰

      懶

      懶散

      懶怠

      懈怠

      慵懶

      怠惰

      窳惰

      惰窳

      駑散

      鬆懈

      好吃懶做

      好逸惡勞

      四體不勤

      拈輕怕重

      有氣無力

      游手好閑

      游手好閒

      無所事事

      悠悠忽忽

      懶惰無匹

      first rough draft to identify synonym group members for future analysis, based on CL etc. 18.11.2003. CH

      • A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European Languages ( BUCK 1988) p. 4.92

      • De Rerum Humanarum Emendatione ( COMENIUS 1665) p. 452

        ACEDIA est ad Vocationis opera fastidium (ignaviae gradus summus)

      • Lateinische Synonyme und Etymologien ( DOEDERLEIN 1840) p.

        LAZY

        ignavia refers to the love of idleness versus readiness to work hard, as a general temperament.

        inertia refers to laziness as a failure to engage in the activities naturally required of a decent person.

        segnitia refers to an easy temperament which is not inclined towards any initiative to action.

        desidia is the reprehensible tendency to refuse to do what one expects others to do for one.

        socordia is the failure to be susceptible of lively interest and the phlegmatic thoughtless neglect of duties.

        pigritia consists in a quite general antipathy to all motion of mind or body, utter slothfulness.

      • Traite elementaire des synonymes grecques ( DUFOUR 1910) p. 131

      • 韓非子同義詞研究 ( HANFEI TONGYI 2004) p. 339

      • “荀子”單音節形容詞同義關係研究 ( HUANG XIAODONG 2003) p. 167

      • Anthologia sive Florilegium rerum et materiarum selectarum ( LANGIUS 1631) p.

        IGNAVIA

        PIGRITIA

      • Lateinische Synonymik ( MENGE) p. 168

        PIGRITIA

        SEGNITIA

        INERTIA

        DESIDIA

        SOCORDIA

        IGNAVIA

        TIMIDITAS

        TARDITAS

        LENTITUDO

        LASSITUDO

        LANGUOR

        FATIGATIO

        DEFATIGATIO

      • Historisches Woerterbuch der Philosophie ( RITTER 1971-2007) p. 2.926

        FAULHEIT

      • Chinese Synonyms Usage Dictionary ( TENG SHOU-HSIN 1996) p. 435

      • Democritus Ridens ( WEBER 1857) p. 5.332

      • SYNONYMES FRANÇOIS, LEURS DIFFÉRENTES SIGNIFICATIONS, ET LE CHOIX QU'IL EN FAUT FAIRE Pour parler avec justesse ( GIRARD 1769) p. 1.316.277

        INDOLENT.NONCHALANT.PARESSEUX.NEGLIGENT

      • Bibliographisches Handbuch zur Sprachinhaltsforschung. Teil II. Systematischer Teil. B. Ordnung nach Sinnbezirken (mit einem alphabetischen Begriffsschluessel): Der Mensch und seine Welt im Spiegel der Sprachforschung ( FRANKE 1989) p. 58B

      Words

      怠  dài OC: lɯɯʔ MC: dəi
      殆  dài OC: lɯɯʔ MC: dəi 24 AttributionsWD

      Dài 怠 (ant. jìng 敬 "be respectfully dedicated to one's duties") refers to a customary failure to perform one's official duties with the appropriate seriousness of effort.

        Word relations
      • Assoc: 傲 / 傲敖/ARROGANT Ào 傲 (ant. qiān 謙 "unassuming") is primarily an arrogant attitude towards others and a failure to recognise the dignity of others in action. (NB: Only in post-Buddhist times does the word come to designate justified pride.) [DISPOSITION], [GRADED], [IMPERSONAL]
      • Assoc: 懈 / 解/LAZY Xiè 懈 (ant. jí 急 "be eager with respect to") refers to a an unwillingness to put in a necessary effort at a certain point of time in spite of the fact that one may not be congenitally or hopelessly prone to laziness.

        Syntactic words
      • nabdispositionindolence
      • vadVnegligently, irresponsibly, in dereliction of duty
      • viactslacken in one's efforts; be remiss; be lazy in performance of one's duty; be listless in performance
      • vt+prep+Nbe neglectful with respect to, be lazy with respect to
      • vt+V[0]being lazy in VERBING
      • vtoNbe negligent or remiss with respect to
      • vtoNcausativecause to become remiss
      隳  huī OC: qhlol MC: hiɛ
      惰  duò OC: ɡ-lools MC: dʷɑ
      惰  duò OC: ɡ-loolʔ MC: dʷɑ 19 AttributionsWD

      The general word for a failure to make any kind of effort required of one is duò 惰 (ant. qín 勤"eager to work"), and this word describes a general psychological condition of a person.

        Word relations
      • Ant: 善/EXCELLENT Shàn 善 (ant. zhuó 拙 "inept"), when the word does not mean moral goodness, but is close in meaning to liáng 良, refers to an acquired specific skill or propensity for certain forms of action.

        Syntactic words
      • nnonreferentialthose who are lazy
      • vadNlazy
      • vibe exhausted and therefor disinclined to work; be lazy; lack diligence; show indifference; be remiss
      • vichangebecome lazy
      • vt+prep+Nbe lazy with respect to; fail to show proper respect for; be indifferent towards
      • vt+V[0]be lazy about doing something; be exhausted and as a result negligent in the performance of one's duties
      • vtoNbe lazy about; be exhausted and as a result lazy about; be remiss in (action)
      懈  xiè OC: krees MC: kɣɛ
      解  xiè OC: ɡreeʔ MC: ɦɣɛ 10 AttributionsWD

      Xiè 懈 (ant. jí 急 "be eager with respect to") refers to a an unwillingness to put in a necessary effort at a certain point of time in spite of the fact that one may not be congenitally or hopelessly prone to laziness.

        Word relations
      • Assoc: 怠 / 殆/LAZY Dài 怠 (ant. jìng 敬 "be respectfully dedicated to one's duties") refers to a customary failure to perform one's official duties with the appropriate seriousness of effort.

        Syntactic words
      • vichangeslacken; refuse to make an effort, be remiss in; become lazy
      • vt+prep+Nbe lazy with respect to
      懈怠  xiè dài OC: krees lɯɯʔ MC: kɣɛ dəi
      解怠  xiè dài OC: ɡreeʔ lɯɯʔ MC: ɦɣɛ dəi 6 AttributionsWD

        Syntactic words
      • NPabpsychlaziness
      • VPiacttake it easy, relax
      • VPipsychbe remiss in the fulfilment of one's duties
      偷儒  tōu rú MC: thuw nyu OC: lʰoo njoLZ 4 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe indolentLZ
      怠慢  dài màn OC: lɯɯʔ mroons MC: dəi mɣan 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe very lazy, be all lazy; be negligent in his duty
      緩怠  huǎn dài OC: ɢʷaanʔ lɯɯʔ MC: ɦʷɑn dəi 3 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe sloathful, be lazy
      嬾惰  lǎn duò OC: b-raanʔ ɡ-loolʔ MC: lɑn dʷɑ
      懶惰  lǎn duò OC: b-raanʔ ɡ-loolʔ MC: lɑn dʷɑ 2 AttributionsWD

        Syntactic words
      • NPabpsychlaziness
      • VPipsychbe quite lazy
      怠皇  dài huáng OC: lɯɯʔ ɡʷaaŋ MC: dəi ɦɑŋ 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPiactarchaic/poetic: be lazily negligent in office
      僈  man4 MC: -- OC: --LZ 2 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vi= man4 慢: be lazy, negligent in one's dutiesLZ
      墯  Click here to add pinyin OC:  MC: 1 AttributionWD

      duò

        Syntactic words
      • vadNlazy
      • vtoNbe lazy about, fail to make a proper effort on
      窳  yǔ OC: loʔ MC: ji̯o 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vadNlazy
      • vilazy, negligent
      不怠  bù dài OC: pɯʔ lɯɯʔ MC: pi̯ut dəi 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPpostadVrelentlessly, tirelessly
      慢墮  màn duò OC: mroons ɡ-loolʔ MC: mɣan dʷɑ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe lazy and negligent
      淫殆  yín dài OC: lɯm lɯɯʔ MC: jim dəi 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • nabactindulent laziness
      提僈  tí man4 MC: -- -- OC: ɡ-lee --LZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPibe negligent in one's dutyLZ
      • VPi0there is overall slothLZ
      憚事  dàn shì MC: danH dzriH OC: daans dzrɯsLZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • VPishirk workLZ
      後者  hòu zhě MC: huwX tsyaeX OC: ɡooʔ kljaʔCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • NPplurallaggard, sluggard, dawdler, straggler, lollerCH
      偷  tōu MC: thuw OC: lʰooLZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vibe slack, be lazyLZ
      賴  lài MC: lajH OC: b-raadsCH 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vi= 懶　lǎn be lazy; get lazy CH
      軔  rèn MC: nyinH OC: njinsLZ 1 AttributionWD
        Syntactic words
      • vi(= 韌) slackLZ
      佚  yì OC: liɡ MC: jit 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • nabpsychidleness
      懶  lǎn OC: b-raanʔ MC: lɑn 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vt+V[0]be [too] lazy to V
      贏  yíng MC: yeng OC: leŋCH 0 AttributionsWD
        Syntactic words
      • vibe lazyCH

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